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Clinical teaching
- 1. Clinical Teaching Prepared by Ms.Jenisha Adhikari BSN
- 2. Content • Definition • Purpose •Principle • Criteria for clinical teaching • Difference between class and clinical teaching • Model of clinical teaching
- 3. • Factor influencingclinical teaching • Clinical teaching methods • Clinical learning cycle • Role of clinical instructor • Responsibility of clinical instructor
- 5.
- 6. Definition Clinical teaching isan individualized or group teaching to the nursing student in the clinical area by the nurse educators, staff and clinical nurse manager.
- 7. In preparation ofprofessional practice, the clinical setting is the place where the students come in contact with patient or consumer for the purpose of testing theories and learning skill
- 8. • Teaching inclinical setting is a challenge that is different from those encountered in the class room • Like any other skill based profession, nursing also requires the development of relationship between theory and practice
- 9. Defintion “ Clinical teachingis vehicle that provides students with opportunity to translate basic theoretical knowledge into learning of variety of intellectual and psychomotor skills needed to provide patient – centered quality nursing care.” - Schweer
- 10. Purpose of clinicalteaching 1. To provide individualized care in a systematic, holistic approach 2. To develop high technical competent skills 3. To practice various procedure 4. To collect and analyze the data
- 11. Contd… 5. To developcommunication skills and maintain interpersonal relationship 6. To maintain high standard of nursing practice to become independent enough to practice nursing 7. To develop, cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills
- 12. Contd …. 8. Tolearn various diagnostic procedures 9. To learn various skill in giving health education technique to the client 10. To develop proficiency and efficiency in carrying out various procedure
- 13. Principles of clinicalteaching • Clinical education should reflect the nature of professional practice • Clinical teaching is supported by climate of mutual trust and respect • Clinical teaching and learning should focus on essential knowledge, skill and attitude
- 14. GUIDELINES FOR SELECTIONOF CLINICAL TEACHING METHODS • Must be appropriate to objectives and desired behavioral changes. • Must be in accordance with principles of learning. • Must be in accordance with the capacity of the student.
- 15. Contd. • Must bein accordance with availability of resources. • Must be in accordance with the teacher’s ability to use it effectively and creatively.
- 16. Difference between classroom and clinical teaching CLASS ROOM TEACHING •Large group •No focus on patient •Knowledge •Theoretical framework •Teacher/students ratio is large •Passive students •Less interactive CLINICAL TEACHING •Small group •Focus on patient •Application of knowledge •Clinical reasoning •Teacher / students ratio is small •Active students •More interactive
- 17. Models of clinicalteaching • Traditional model • Preceptor model • Associated / Partnership model
- 18. FACTORS INFLUENCING CLINICAL TEACHING •Group interaction skills •Clinical supervision skill •Clinical competence and professionalism •Knowledge and analytical ability. •Organization and clarity of presentation •Enthusiasm and stimulation of interest
- 19. Clinical teaching method –Bedside clinic – Nursing rounds – Nursing shift reports – Nursing care conferences – Demonstration – Nursing care studies
- 20. Contd – Process recording –Laboratory method – Nursing assignment – Field trip
- 21.
- 22. Definition It is amethod of clinical teaching which is carried out by either the group visits the patient or the patient is brought to the conference room in order to study problems associated with a particular disease or disorder
- 23. Contd.. • Always ensurethe presence of the patient. • Patients with typical diseases are selected.
- 24. Uses of bedsideclinic • To show the sign and symptoms related to a particular condition • To demonstrate a significant nursing situation • To show how nursing problem have been solved
- 25. Phase Introduction phase Patient centereddiscussion Post clinic evaluation
- 26. Advantages • It putsthe student in an active actual situation • Develop skills in collecting information from authentic source • Develop tactfulness diplomacy needed to get information from the patient • Develop skills in problem solving, decision making an organizing • Permits comparison between reality and theory
- 27. Disadvantages • Sometimes putpatient in a difficult situation
- 28.
- 29. Definition A tour ofpatient’s bedside area made by a small group of staff and students, not more than 7 or 8 for the purpose of clinical learning and instructional purpose
- 30.
- 31. Uses of nursingrounds • To demonstrate clinical manifestation that needs nursing intervention • To study patient’s response to disease conditions • To demonstrate the effect of therapeutic treatment
- 32. Contd.. • To illustrateskillful nursing care • To have better understanding of patient’ s needs in order to provide better care to patient
- 33. Advantages • Puts thestudents in actual live situation where patient responds and acts as a stimulus variable • Students have options to select specific case or problem that interest them and plan proper nursing care
- 34. Contd .. • Itprovides opportunity to reinforce the theoretical knowledge through its application in a real patient • Increases learning ability
- 35. Disadvantages • Only applicablefor small group of students • Require careful planning
- 36.
- 37. Definition • Nursing carereports are written or oral summary of the nursing actions taken in relation to patient’s care
- 38. Guideline for writingreports • It should be clear and concise but include all necessary information • The report should be well organized for easy understanding • For report to be complete and meaningful, it should include the date and time, the people concerned the situation and the signature of report writer
- 39. Advantages • It aidsin studying health condition • It shows the progress in reaching goals • Provides quality and continuity of work from one shift to another
- 40. Disadvantage • Wrong orinvalid data in the report may lead to faulty interpretation of patient’s condition
- 41.
- 42. Definition “Nursing Care Conferenceis defined as the process in which group discussion is made using problem solving techniques to determine the ways of providing care for the patients to whom students are assigned as part of their clinical experience”
- 43. Types • Group conference• Individual conference
- 44. Group conference • Isa small group teaching method • Allows student to participate actively , explaining their own experience • Develop problem solving skills, team building skills and ability to express themselves
- 45. Individual conference • Focuseson the overall development of individual student • It mainly deals with the student nursing care ability , level of performance achievements and assignments related to the clinical experience
- 46. Advantages •Sharpens the criticalthinking •Helps the students to know about their progress and hence boosts their self confidence. • Develop problem solving skills
- 47. Disadvantages • Time consuming •Conflict of opinion
- 48.
- 49. Definition • Demonstration teachesby “Exhibition & explanation ” • It trains the students in the art of careful observation
- 50. Types • Planned • Involvespreliminary preparation, introduction, procedure and follow up • Unplanned • Uncommon treatment occur in the ward that can be demonstrated if not emergency
- 51. Advantages • Activates senses •Opportunity for observation and learning • Creates interest by use of illustration • Correlate theory and practice
- 52. Disadvantages • Expensive • Timeconsuming
- 53.
- 54. Definition Method which focuseson information and facts about patient, the disease condition , social and personal history and the application of this knowledge in rendering nursing care
- 55. • Student selectsone patient for intensive study • Students are given opportunity to take care of the patients, study their treatment modalities until they are discharged
- 56. Advantages • Students learnproblem-solving approach. • Report acts as reference material for students • Evaluate patient’s progress
- 57.
- 58. Definition It is awritten account or verbatim recording of all that transpired during and immediately following the nurse-patient interaction
- 59. Advantages • Improve thequality of nurse – patient interaction • Gain competency in interpreting and synthesizing raw data under supervision • Increase observational skills
- 60. Process recording in earlierperiod Process recording in modern period
- 61.
- 62. Definition • Laboratory isa part of clinical teaching that offers students with the opportunities to apply their theoretical knowledge or previous learning into practice in a controlled situation under guidance and supervision where there is no client.
- 63. Advantages • Increase studentsparticipation • Prepare students for actual situation • Clarify doubts and queries regarding to demostration
- 64. Disadvantages • Budget • Timeconsuming • Lack of apparatus
- 65.
- 66. Definition • It isthe part of learning experiences where the students are assigned with patient or other activities concerning to patient in clinical laboratory.
- 67. Methods of assignmentsin patient care • Functional method • Team method • Case method
- 68. • Functional method Nursesare assigned specific functions such as administering medications, monitoring vital signs etc
- 69. • Team method Inthis method a group of patients are looked after by nursing team, comprised of nursing staff and student nurse
- 70. • Case method Inthis type is a single nurse is assigned the responsibility for the care of each patient from time the patient is admitted to the hospital till the patient is discharge.
- 71.
- 72.
- 73. Definition • It’s awell organized trip from a usual place for teaching purpose
- 74. Purpose of fieldtrip • The field trip must be planned to meet specific educational objectives • Have list of all candidates, contact numbers of people to be contacted in case of emergency & special needs. • Submit report on field visit and analyze.
- 75. Advantages • Field tripgives natural stimulation and motivates the learner to be more interactive and creative. •The monotony and boredom of classroom teaching is eliminated through field trips
- 76. Disadvantage • If thefield trip is not planned well with specific learning objectives it will result in wastage of teaching learning resources. • Field trips are expensive. • Safety and security of the students is a real concern.
- 77.
- 78. Role of clinicalinstructor • Supporter • Facilitator • Challenger • Manager • Coordinator
- 79. • Observer • Evaluator •Expert
- 80. Responsibility of clinicalinstructor • Set objective, standard for practice • Develop evaluation tools • Should take permission of the institute • Prepare master rotation plan • Set up the clinical area in an instead manner • Keep ready equipment in working condition to provide nursing care
- 81. Contd… • Direct andsupervise the students • Demonstrate nursing procedure on patient and ask the students to re- demonstrate procedures to develop skill and confidence • Analyze the difficulties and guiding the students accordingly • Encourage, motivate and inspire students
- 82. Contd. • Maintain strictdiscipline • Maintain student’s record eg. Duty schedule, individual assignments, evaluation tools, clinical teachings and performance of students • Conduct individual with the students to solve any problem arose and to meet their professional and personal needs
- 83. • Supervise assignmentlike ward teaching class, case study, health talks. • Has to participate in faculty conference • Focus attention of students upon the medical and nursing problems of client to whom they are assigned • Assist students in preparing teaching plans. x
- 84. Reference • Singh Indira,Essentials of education A text book for nurses and other health professional, 5th edition, Hisi offset printer Pvt. Ltd, page no – 230- 254 • http://www.crlt.umich.edu/publinks/occ1 • https://www.slideshare.net/jimcyjose/clinical- teaching-in-nursing?qid=407ed42a-7172-435d- b937-133c8252dea7&v=&b=&from_search=1 • https://www.slideshare.net/gangahealth/effectiv e-clinical-teaching-methods-gihs?qid=9da453d6- d2c2-4293-ba15- 77842e218941&v=&b=&from_search=1
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