This document discusses the differences between weather and climate and various factors that affect climate, including latitude, altitude, distance from the ocean, topography, and ocean currents. It provides examples of each factor and how they influence temperature. Questions are also included to check understanding of these concepts. The key points are that climate refers to long-term patterns while weather is short-term conditions, and factors like latitude, altitude, and distance from water bodies determine how much heat and precipitation an area receives.

2. What are the
things you
usually consider
whenever you
plan to have a
picnic?

3. CLIMATE
WEATHER
&

4. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, we will be able to;
1. Differentiate climate and weather
2. Explain how different factors affect the climate
of an area.

5. Weather
Is the condition of
the atmosphere at
a specific place and
time.

6. Climate
Is the general
pattern of weather
in a certain area
over a long period
of time.

7. Weather vs Climate
1. El Niño

8. Weather vs Climate
2. Typhoon

9. Weather vs Climate
3. La Niña

10. Weather vs Climate
4. Sunny Day

11. Weather vs Climate
5. Polar

12. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE CLIMATE
1. Latitude
2. Altitude
3. Distance from the ocean
4. Topography

13. 1. Latitude
● Lines of latitude run in
horizontal parallels.
● Represent distance north
or south from the
equator.
● Measured in an angle
from the centre of the
Earth.

14. Q1. How much is the tilt of the earth’s axis?

15. Q1 Answer. 23.5°

16. Q2. Which part of the earth receives most of
the sun’s rays?

17. Q2 Answer. Equator

18. Q3. Why does the amount of heat received by
places far from the equator become less?

19. Q3 Answer: It is due to the tilting of the
earth’s axis and the shape of the earth.

20. Q4. Why are the coldest places on earth found
near the poles?

21. Q4 Answer. They receive less amount of heat.

22. Q5. Why are places with high temperature
found at the equator?

23. Q5 Answer. Due to the tilting of the earth’s axis, places near the equator
receive more heat making the air temperature higher.

24. Q6. How does latitude affect climate?

25. Q6 Answer: When the area is farther from the equator, the air temperature is lower
resulting in a cold climate. When the place is closer to the equator, the air temperature is
higher which results in a warm climate.

26. PHILIPPINES VS. POLAND

27. 2. Altitude
Altitude means
height above the
ground or above
the sea level.
Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa)

28. Name of Place Elevation above sea
level(m)
Annual average
temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Q1. Which place is the coldest?
Baguio

29. Name of Place Elevation above sea
level(m)
Annual average
temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Q2. Which place is the hottest?
Tacloban

30. Name of Place Elevation above sea
level(m)
Annual average
temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Q3. Based on the data, what is the relationship between
altitude and temperature of a place?

31. Name of Place Elevation above sea
level(m)
Annual average
temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Q3 Answer.: As the altitude increases, the temperature decreases.
And as the altitude decreases, the temperature increases.

32. Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa)
Mt. Kilimanjaro is located in Africa and found near the equator. But why is it covered in ice?
- It stands 5895m above sea level. As altitude increases, the temperature decreases.

33. Why is it cold at higher altitude?
● For every 1000 m, there
is a drop of 6.5°C.
● At higher elevations,
there is less air.
● Lighter air cannot
absorb much heat,
making air temperature
lower.

35. 3. Distance from the ocean
● Places near the ocean
don't get too hot or too
cold because the water
helps keep the
temperature more even.
• That's why beach towns
often have nice weather

36. 3. Distance from the ocean
● Places far from water
have bigger
temperature changes.
● They can be really hot
during the day and
really cold at night.

38. 3. Distance from the ocean
● Land and water heat up and
cool down differently.
● Water has a high heat
capacity than land which
means it can hold heat
longer. It also takes a
while to cool down.

39. 3. Distance from the ocean
● During daytime land gets hot
faster than water when the
sun shines on it.
SEA BREEZE
● When it's hot, air moves
from the cooler water to
the warmer land.
● This makes coastal areas
not get as hot as places
farther from the water.

40. 3. Distance from the ocean
● At night, land cools down
quickly, but water cools
down slower
● Air moves from the cooler
land to the warmer water.
● Places near the water don't
get too hot or too cold
because the water helps
keep the temperature.

41. 3. Distance from the ocean
● Places far from water
have bigger
temperature changes.
● They can be really hot
during the day and
really cold at night.

42. 4. Topography
● One of the topographic
features of an area is
mountain.
● Mountainous areas greatly
affect the amount of
precipitation in the region.

43. 4. Topography
What happens to water
vapor as it rises over the
mountain?
-Condenses

44. 4. Topography
Which side of the
mountain experiences
low temperature?
-Windward side

45. 4. Topography
Which side of the
mountain experiences
high temperature?
-Leeward side

46. 4. Topography
What dry region forms
at the back of the
mountain?
-Rain shadow

47. 4. Topography
The Alps

48. 5. Ocean
Currents
● A continuous, directed
movement of seawater
generated by a number of
forces acting upon the water,
including wind and the
Coriolis effect.

50. 5. Ocean Current
What are the different
ocean currents that
carry warm water?

51. 5. Ocean Current
What are the different
ocean currents that
carry cold water?

52. 5. Ocean Current
. What kind of water
does Greenland
Current take along?
Explain.

53. 5. Ocean Current
How do Kamchatka
Current and Kuroshio
Current affect the
Northeastern part and
Southern part of
Japan?

54. 5. Ocean Current
Ocean currents have also an important role in
changing the climate of a certain area. They affect the
temperature of the nearby land mass. Warm currents
move from the equator towards poles carry warm
water. On the other hand, cold currents travel from
the poles towards the equator carry cold water.

55. 03/04/24
Factors Affecting Climate (continuation)
3. Distance from the ocean
4. Topography
5. Ocean Currents - (As an Effect of Coriolis Effect)
QUIZ
03/00/24 - Reporting
CLIMATE CHANGE
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
GLOBAL WARMING
EL NIÑO
LA NIÑA
ACTIVITIES