Clean Rivers, Clean Lake 8 -- New Projects on KK and Menomonee Rivers -- Dave Fowler
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The document summarizes projects to improve rivers and streams in the Milwaukee area for cleaner water and flood management. It discusses rehabilitation of the Kinnickinnic and Menomonee Rivers, including removing concrete channels, adding riffles and pools, and repairing walls to improve fish passage and water quality. It also outlines plans to rehabilitate segments of Underwood Creek to sustain water resources in a sustainable watershed approach. The projects aim to reduce flood risks and improve public safety through natural stream restoration.
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Clean Rivers, Clean Lake 8 -- New Projects on KK and Menomonee Rivers -- Dave Fowler
- 1. Clean Rivers Clean Lakes 8th Annual Conference New Projects on the KK and Menomonee Rivers David C. Fowler CFM Association of State Floodplain Managers Region V Director Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District Senior Project Manager
- 2. Floodplain Managers Celebrating Job Security 2
- 3. Cycle of Increasing Risks Structure to Control More Floods Development Placed at Risk Development at Risk Changes in the Watershed Structure Rendered Inadequate • Loss of natural functions & services • Increased runoff • Deterioration • Changing climate • Maintenance Issues 3
- 4. Natural Floodplain Functioning Slide Courtesy of John Mc Shane
- 5. Structural Flood Management Unnatural Floodplain
- 9. Flood Management Projects Kinnickinnic River Watershed Objectives: Reduce Flood Risk Improve Public Safety Stream Channel Rehabilitation Neighborhood Development
- 10. Kinnickinnic River Watershed Was voted one of the top ten worst rivers in North America in 2007
- 11. Lost Wetlands Kinnickinnic River Year 1836 Vs Year 2009 (Increased Stream Chanel Miles) Slide Courtesy of Tom Slawski
- 12. Kinnickinick River 1930-1960 • Channel photos taken April 1960 in vicinity of S. 6th St Bridge • Channel constructed by WPA in 1930’s
- 13. March 1960 Flood Event Flooding in S. 12th St South of the KK River
- 14. Old Flood Risk Management Improved Channel ???
- 15. Concrete Channel Encouraged Development in the “real” Floodplain
- 16. Kinnickinnic River 9th Place and Cleveland June 7, 2008 (50 Year Flood)
- 17. KK River “100 year ”Floodplain and Floodway
- 18. Stream Channel Rehabilitation: Water Quality, Stream Function and Community Development
- 20. KK River 6th Bridge (1960) Standing on the S. 6th St Bridge, looking east. Standing on the former RR Trestle, looking NW.
- 21. S. 6th St Bridge (2009)
- 22. S. 6th St Bridge (2011) View from the West side of the Bridge.
- 23. KK River 6th Street to I -94 Upstream 2010 •Existing concrete channel •Channel bound by MMSD facilities & abandoned RR trestle
- 26. Menomonee River Stream Channel Rehabilitation Objectives: Improve Fish Passage Sustain Water Resources Part of a Sustainable Watershed Plan 26
- 27. Impacts to Flood Elevations • MCG Flood Management Facility • Valley Park Floodwall and Levee
- 28. Project Design • Construction Document Preparation – Topographic Survey – Structural Evaluations – Plans and Specifications – Plan for Contractor Operations • Construct from Upstream to Downstream • Maintenance of Normal and High Flows • Fish Passage Boulder Placement • Final Restoration
- 29. Current Conditions • Concrete Invert with Low Flow Channel – Steep Slope – High Velocities – Problems for Fish • Stone Walls – Significant Deterioration • Accessibility Issues
- 30. Project Design • Riffle and Pool Layout – Fish Passage Support • WPA Wall Repairs – Areas of Failure and in Need of General Repair • Existing Outfalls to River – Maintained During Construction • Railroad Bridge Issues – Fragile Abutments and Structure • Access During and After Construction • Modeling – HEC-RAS – Sediment Transport
- 31. Project Design • Construction Document Preparation – Topographic Survey – Structural Evaluations – Plans and Specifications – Plan for Contractor Operations • Construct from Upstream to Downstream • Maintenance of Normal and High Flows • Fish Passage Boulder Placement • Final Restoration
- 33. Anticipated Results • Fish Passage • Flood Elevations • Future Segments
- 34. Underwood Creek Project Menomonee Watershed Objectives: Improve Fish Passage Sustain Water Resources Part of a Sustainable Watershed Plan 34
- 35. Underwood Creek – Before Construction 2008
- 36. Underwood Creek – Typical Upstream (Phase 1) Segment
- 37. Rehabilitated Channel Phase I - Riffle Section
- 38. Rehabilitated Channel – Pool Section
- 39. Underwood Creek Phase I Construction - 2009
- 40. Underwood Creek Phase I Construction - 2009
- 41. Underwood Creek Phase I – Post Construction 2009 Pool Riffle
- 42. Underwood Creek – Downstream (Phase 2)
- 43. 43
- 44. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- Physical habitat encompasses all the physical features and attributes that describe the home of creatures that live in a stream. This is similar to the physical shelter a house provides for humans. Healthy stream ecosystems can be identified by some particular habitat features. [VIDEO CLIP OF HEALTHY STREAM WITH OVERHANGING VEGETATION, LOGS, RIFFLES AND POOLS]First, healthy streams have a complex diversity of habitats, provided by a variety of flow and depth combinations, such as shallow and fast in rapids and slow and deep in pools. These variations in flow and depths are accentuated in meandering streams that have many bends and curves.Second, healthy streams offer cover, or hiding places, for fish and insects and also places of refuge where organisms can go during floods. Grass and shrubs along a bank, or boulders and logs in the middle of the channel make good cover. Small tributary entrants, variations in the bank line, or riparian wetlands provide refuge from high velocities and scour during floods. Third, in a healthy stream the stream bottom, or streambed, has a variety of substrate types, from rocks to gravels, with spaces between the larger rocks for food to grow and small creatures to hide [UNDERWATER VIDEO OF GRAVELS (SEE USGS BEDLOAD CORECAST).The specific habitat features in a healthy stream may vary for particular regions, depending on such things as topography, geologic setting, natural vegetation, soils, and climate. Finally, the ability of organisms to move up and down the length of a stream, called longitudinal connection, is also very important. Organisms may use different habitat settings depending on their life cycle requirements for spawning, nursery, or food sources. [SHOW VIDEO OF SALMON SPAWNING]
- When waterhsheds become developed, several things can happen to change a stream’s physical habitat. Increases in impervious cover and addition of storm sewers cause the volume and rate of storm runoff to increase, and also change the timing of various types of streamflows. The end result of urban development tends to be streamflows that are more flashy. Flashy streamflows can degrade stream habitats by erosion and scour of streambeds and streambanks. Excessive sediment contributions from construction sites can transport large amounts of sediment into streams during storm events. Streambanks become unstable and start to fall in as the channel is enlarged. Contributions of sediment from construction sites or streambanks bury important habitat features downstream or may clog channels and cause more scour and erosion.When channels unravel from too much runoff they can also result in extensive damage to infrastructure….roads and bridges.[SHOW DIAGRAM OF CHANGES IN RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH?]
- MMSD also provides regional flood management protection to residents in the service area.Some people question why the District does flood management projects.These pictures show homes with flood waters around them; if this water enters the basement, it will drain out through the floor drain, which is a direct connection to the MMSD system. This can overload the system causing sewer overflows.
- Flood Risk reduced, Reduction of aquatic habitat, public safety issues from “flashy flows”
- Current channel, housing encroaching on channel, concrete deteriorating
- June 2008flood peak going down
- In upcoming years Milwaukee will improve habitat conditions and fish passage in the Kinnickinnick River, the smallest but most densely populated of the three rivers that drain Milwaukee. XX miles of the Kinnickinnick are cement lined, which poses a hazard and eyesore for neighboring residents as well as severely limits use of the stream by any aquatic species. The restoration is starting from the mouth and working its way up stream. The new design channel for the Kinnickinnick has steps and hiding places so that fish and other creatures can move up and down the river corridor. The design includes a low flow channel which keeps the water deep enough for fish to swim in. The rock lined banks are stepped upward to provide some additional flood storage and allowing use by humans. All the designed features are armored with very large rocks to be able to withstand the high flows during floods.[ONSITE VIDEO CLIP –Kinnickinnik cement channel removal in progress]Interview –Tom Chapman, Dave Fowler, Eric (MMSD?) Questions for MMSD – How has MMSD changed their practices over the last couple of years in regard to storm-water management? Why have the changes been done? (mandated or voluntary?). Are there special things that have to be done for cold climates/frozen ground situations in designs? Are there specific stream restoration techniques that both mitigate stormwater effects and improve water quality and physical habitat?What has been the impact of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative on your activities?Has climate change predictions been considered in design?
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- MMSD Objectives, Diverse stakeholder groups, citizens community groups, city SEWRPC, WDNR, business groups, City of Milwaukee (planning and engineering
- MMSD Objectives, Diverse stakeholder groups, citizens community groups, city SEWRPC, WDNR, business groups, City of Milwaukee (planning and engineering