The skeletal system consists of bones, joints, cartilage, and ligaments. It provides structure and protection to the body. The skeletal system allows for movement through muscle attachment to bones. There are two major divisions of the skeletal system - the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum which protect the organs. The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles. Bones are classified as long, short, flat, irregular or sesamoid based on their shape.
This document provides information about bones and joints in the human body. It discusses the different types of bones including long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones. It describes the cellular composition of bone tissue. It also classifies joints based on structure and function, describing fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints, and different types of synovial joints that allow different ranges of motion. The skull is discussed, including the bones that make up the cranium and face. Key terms related to bones and joints are also defined.
The skeletal system consists of bones and other connective tissues that provide structure and protect internal organs. Bones are composed of both organic and inorganic materials, including collagen proteins and hydroxyapatite salts. The skeletal system includes long bones in the limbs, short and flat bones, and irregular bones like those in the spine. Bones are living tissues that contain osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, which form, maintain, and break down bone respectively. The skeletal system provides structure, movement, protection, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.
The skeletal system provides structure, protection, movement, and other essential functions for the body. It is composed of both cortical and cancellous bone tissue. There are four main types of bones: long bones in the limbs, short bones in the hands and feet, flat bones that protect organs, and irregularly shaped bones. Key bones include those of the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, shoulder girdle, pelvis, hands, feet, and long bones of the arms and legs. Bones develop through the process of ossification and continue changing throughout life.
The skeletal system provides structure, protection, movement, and other functions for the body. It consists of both long bones and short bones, including those in the limbs, spine, skull, and pelvis. The skeletal system also produces blood cells and stores minerals. There are over 200 bones in the human body that can be classified by shape and location into groups like long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.
The skeletal system consists of bones, joints, cartilage, and ligaments. It provides structure and protection to the body. The skeletal system allows for movement through muscle attachment to bones. There are two major divisions of the skeletal system - the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum which protect the organs. The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles. Bones are classified as long, short, flat, irregular or sesamoid based on their shape.
This document provides information about bones and joints in the human body. It discusses the different types of bones including long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones. It describes the cellular composition of bone tissue. It also classifies joints based on structure and function, describing fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints, and different types of synovial joints that allow different ranges of motion. The skull is discussed, including the bones that make up the cranium and face. Key terms related to bones and joints are also defined.
The skeletal system consists of bones and other connective tissues that provide structure and protect internal organs. Bones are composed of both organic and inorganic materials, including collagen proteins and hydroxyapatite salts. The skeletal system includes long bones in the limbs, short and flat bones, and irregular bones like those in the spine. Bones are living tissues that contain osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, which form, maintain, and break down bone respectively. The skeletal system provides structure, movement, protection, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.
The skeletal system provides structure, protection, movement, and other essential functions for the body. It is composed of both cortical and cancellous bone tissue. There are four main types of bones: long bones in the limbs, short bones in the hands and feet, flat bones that protect organs, and irregularly shaped bones. Key bones include those of the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, shoulder girdle, pelvis, hands, feet, and long bones of the arms and legs. Bones develop through the process of ossification and continue changing throughout life.
The skeletal system provides structure, protection, movement, and other functions for the body. It consists of both long bones and short bones, including those in the limbs, spine, skull, and pelvis. The skeletal system also produces blood cells and stores minerals. There are over 200 bones in the human body that can be classified by shape and location into groups like long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.
The document summarizes the skeletal system, specifically the axial skeleton. It describes the main bones that make up the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. It discusses the classification of bones based on their microscopic appearance, developmental origin, shape, and location in the body. For each bone, it provides a brief definition and identifies its key features.
The skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, ligaments, and connective tissues that provide structure and support to the body. Bones are composed of compact bone on the outer surface and spongy bone on the inner surface. Red bone marrow is found within bones and produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and stem cells. There are several classifications of bones based on shape including long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid. Bones develop through two processes - intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. The skeletal system allows for support, protection of organs, storage of minerals, blood cell production, and movement.
This document discusses skeletal physiology and contains sections on bone types, typical long bone structure, bone cells, homeostatic functions, bone development, bone healing, comparing bone and cartilage types, cartilage mechanisms, joint classification, and synovial joints. It provides detailed descriptions of bone anatomy and physiology, the roles of bones and cartilage, and how bones develop, break down, and heal. The information is presented through labeled sections and subsections explaining different skeletal structures and processes.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
A detail account of Bones, their histological features, classification, composition, Formation, blood and nerve supply, functions, plus some interesting facts about bones.
The document discusses how cancer treatments can damage bone marrow and prevent blood cell production, how osteoporosis weakens bones by inhibiting calcium's role in bone growth, and how epiphyseal plate fractures are more common in children and young adults as the plates at the ends of long bones are still hardening during growth. Proper nutrition is also highlighted as important for maintaining strong bones in adults.
The document discusses the skeletal system, including:
1. The functions of bone such as protection, movement, and blood production.
2. Methods of classifying bones by shape (long, short, flat), structure (compact, spongy), and location (axial, appendicular).
3. The structure of long bones including the diaphysis, epiphysis, and growth plates.
There are four main types of bones: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Long bones have a shaft and two articulating ends, examples being the femur and humerus. Short bones are cube-shaped like wrist and ankle bones. Flat bones are broad and thin, found in the skull, shoulder blades, ribs, and sternum. Irregular bones come in various shapes and sizes, like the patella. Bones are made up of cells, fibers, and extracellular matrix. They provide structure, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation to the body. Bone formation occurs through two processes - intramembranous ossification which forms flat bones, and endochondral oss
This document discusses osteology and bone structure. It describes the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also discusses bone classification based on structure, such as compact and spongy bone. Additionally, it covers the formation of bone through intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Key bone structures are defined, including the periosteum, medullary cavity, and epiphyseal plates of long bones. The blood supply and development of bone is also summarized.
This document discusses osteology and bone structure. It describes the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also discusses bone classification based on structure, the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification, and the gross anatomical structures of long bones. Additionally, it covers cartilage structure and the three main types of cartilage.
The skeletal system is composed of bones and associated tissues that provide structure, protection, movement, and mineral storage. Bones are living tissues composed of cells, collagen fibers, and minerals. There are four types of bones - long, short, flat, and irregular - with different structures adapted to their functions. Bones develop through intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are remodeled throughout life by bone cells.
The skeletal system is composed of bones and associated tissues that provide structure, protection, movement, and mineral storage. Bones are living tissues composed of cells, collagen fibers, and minerals. There are four types of bones - long, short, flat, and irregular - with different structures adapted to their functions. Bones develop through intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are remodeled throughout life by bone cells.
Bones, Joints, and the Architecture of Movement: Exploring the Skeletal SystemNursing Mastery
Title: Bones, Joints, and the Architecture of Movement: Exploring the Skeletal System
Introduction:
Welcome to our engaging SlideShare presentation on the Skeletal System & Joints, where we embark on a fascinating exploration of the framework that supports our bodies and facilitates movement. Join us as we delve into the intricate world of bones, joints, and the dynamic interplay that shapes our mobility and stability.
The skeletal system serves as the foundation of our anatomy, providing structural support, protection for vital organs, and a framework for locomotion. Comprised of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, this complex system forms the structural scaffold upon which our bodies are built.
In this presentation, we'll take a closer look at the anatomy of bones, from their composition and classification to their roles in mineral storage and blood cell production. Through detailed illustrations and interactive diagrams, we'll explore the dynamic nature of bone remodeling and the factors that influence bone health and density.
But bones alone do not account for the versatility of human movement. Joints, the articulations where two or more bones meet, play a crucial role in facilitating motion and absorbing impact. From synovial joints like the knee and shoulder to fibrous and cartilaginous joints, we'll unravel the mechanics of joint structure and function.
Together, the skeletal system and joints form a complex network that enables us to walk, run, jump, and perform a myriad of daily activities. Whether you're a student studying anatomy, a fitness enthusiast seeking to optimize performance, or simply curious about the mechanics of the human body, our presentation offers valuable insights into the wonders of the skeletal system and joints.
Join us as we embark on a journey through the bony landmarks and articulations that define our physical form and discover the intricate architecture of movement hidden beneath our skin.
The skeletal system chapter discusses the structure and function of bones and the skeletal system. It covers:
- The axial and appendicular skeleton divisions
- Functions of bones like support, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell formation
- Classification of bones by shape (long, short, flat, irregular) and composition (compact vs spongy bone)
- Structure of long bones including diaphysis, epiphysis, marrow cavity
- Bone markings like processes, depressions, tuberosities and identification features
- Microscopic anatomy including osteons, lacunae, canaliculi
- Bone growth, remodeling, and common fractures and their healing process
- Anatomy of the vertebral
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The skeletal system consists of bones and cartilage which provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, produce blood cells, and store fats. The skeleton is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton including the pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs. Bones are made of organic and inorganic components and contain osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Joints connect bones and allow movement, with synovial joints providing the most mobility.
Bones can be classified in several ways based on their shape, development, location in the body, and microscopic structure. The main types of bones by shape are long bones found in the limbs, short bones in the wrists and ankles, flat bones that make up surfaces like the skull, and irregularly shaped bones like vertebrae. Bones also develop differently as membrane bones, cartilaginous bones, or a combination. Key functions of bones include support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation. The basic structure of bones includes compact cortical bone on the outside and spongy cancellous bone on the inside, with bone cells and matrix throughout.
The nervous system controls and regulates all body activities. It has three main properties: sensitivity, conductivity, and responsiveness. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the body and is composed of nerves. The PNS can be further divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
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The document summarizes the skeletal system, specifically the axial skeleton. It describes the main bones that make up the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. It discusses the classification of bones based on their microscopic appearance, developmental origin, shape, and location in the body. For each bone, it provides a brief definition and identifies its key features.
The skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, ligaments, and connective tissues that provide structure and support to the body. Bones are composed of compact bone on the outer surface and spongy bone on the inner surface. Red bone marrow is found within bones and produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and stem cells. There are several classifications of bones based on shape including long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid. Bones develop through two processes - intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. The skeletal system allows for support, protection of organs, storage of minerals, blood cell production, and movement.
This document discusses skeletal physiology and contains sections on bone types, typical long bone structure, bone cells, homeostatic functions, bone development, bone healing, comparing bone and cartilage types, cartilage mechanisms, joint classification, and synovial joints. It provides detailed descriptions of bone anatomy and physiology, the roles of bones and cartilage, and how bones develop, break down, and heal. The information is presented through labeled sections and subsections explaining different skeletal structures and processes.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
The document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including bones and cartilage. It discusses the different types of cartilage and bones, bone structure, growth and development, fractures and their repair, and some homeostatic imbalances that can affect bones. Key points covered include the three types of cartilage, classification of bones by shape, the structure of long bones, two methods of bone formation, and common bone disorders like osteoporosis and rickets.
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The document discusses the skeletal system, including:
1. The functions of bone such as protection, movement, and blood production.
2. Methods of classifying bones by shape (long, short, flat), structure (compact, spongy), and location (axial, appendicular).
3. The structure of long bones including the diaphysis, epiphysis, and growth plates.
There are four main types of bones: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Long bones have a shaft and two articulating ends, examples being the femur and humerus. Short bones are cube-shaped like wrist and ankle bones. Flat bones are broad and thin, found in the skull, shoulder blades, ribs, and sternum. Irregular bones come in various shapes and sizes, like the patella. Bones are made up of cells, fibers, and extracellular matrix. They provide structure, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation to the body. Bone formation occurs through two processes - intramembranous ossification which forms flat bones, and endochondral oss
This document discusses osteology and bone structure. It describes the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also discusses bone classification based on structure, such as compact and spongy bone. Additionally, it covers the formation of bone through intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Key bone structures are defined, including the periosteum, medullary cavity, and epiphyseal plates of long bones. The blood supply and development of bone is also summarized.
This document discusses osteology and bone structure. It describes the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also discusses bone classification based on structure, the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification, and the gross anatomical structures of long bones. Additionally, it covers cartilage structure and the three main types of cartilage.
The skeletal system is composed of bones and associated tissues that provide structure, protection, movement, and mineral storage. Bones are living tissues composed of cells, collagen fibers, and minerals. There are four types of bones - long, short, flat, and irregular - with different structures adapted to their functions. Bones develop through intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are remodeled throughout life by bone cells.
The skeletal system is composed of bones and associated tissues that provide structure, protection, movement, and mineral storage. Bones are living tissues composed of cells, collagen fibers, and minerals. There are four types of bones - long, short, flat, and irregular - with different structures adapted to their functions. Bones develop through intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are remodeled throughout life by bone cells.
Bones, Joints, and the Architecture of Movement: Exploring the Skeletal SystemNursing Mastery
Title: Bones, Joints, and the Architecture of Movement: Exploring the Skeletal System
Introduction:
Welcome to our engaging SlideShare presentation on the Skeletal System & Joints, where we embark on a fascinating exploration of the framework that supports our bodies and facilitates movement. Join us as we delve into the intricate world of bones, joints, and the dynamic interplay that shapes our mobility and stability.
The skeletal system serves as the foundation of our anatomy, providing structural support, protection for vital organs, and a framework for locomotion. Comprised of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, this complex system forms the structural scaffold upon which our bodies are built.
In this presentation, we'll take a closer look at the anatomy of bones, from their composition and classification to their roles in mineral storage and blood cell production. Through detailed illustrations and interactive diagrams, we'll explore the dynamic nature of bone remodeling and the factors that influence bone health and density.
But bones alone do not account for the versatility of human movement. Joints, the articulations where two or more bones meet, play a crucial role in facilitating motion and absorbing impact. From synovial joints like the knee and shoulder to fibrous and cartilaginous joints, we'll unravel the mechanics of joint structure and function.
Together, the skeletal system and joints form a complex network that enables us to walk, run, jump, and perform a myriad of daily activities. Whether you're a student studying anatomy, a fitness enthusiast seeking to optimize performance, or simply curious about the mechanics of the human body, our presentation offers valuable insights into the wonders of the skeletal system and joints.
Join us as we embark on a journey through the bony landmarks and articulations that define our physical form and discover the intricate architecture of movement hidden beneath our skin.
The skeletal system chapter discusses the structure and function of bones and the skeletal system. It covers:
- The axial and appendicular skeleton divisions
- Functions of bones like support, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell formation
- Classification of bones by shape (long, short, flat, irregular) and composition (compact vs spongy bone)
- Structure of long bones including diaphysis, epiphysis, marrow cavity
- Bone markings like processes, depressions, tuberosities and identification features
- Microscopic anatomy including osteons, lacunae, canaliculi
- Bone growth, remodeling, and common fractures and their healing process
- Anatomy of the vertebral
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The skeletal system consists of bones and cartilage which provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, produce blood cells, and store fats. The skeleton is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton including the pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs. Bones are made of organic and inorganic components and contain osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Joints connect bones and allow movement, with synovial joints providing the most mobility.
Bones can be classified in several ways based on their shape, development, location in the body, and microscopic structure. The main types of bones by shape are long bones found in the limbs, short bones in the wrists and ankles, flat bones that make up surfaces like the skull, and irregularly shaped bones like vertebrae. Bones also develop differently as membrane bones, cartilaginous bones, or a combination. Key functions of bones include support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation. The basic structure of bones includes compact cortical bone on the outside and spongy cancellous bone on the inside, with bone cells and matrix throughout.
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Test bank advanced health assessment and differential diagnosis essentials for clinical practice 1st edition myrick.
Test bank advanced health assessment and differential diagnosis essentials for clinical practice 1st edition myrick.
Test bank advanced health assessment and differential diagnosis essentials for clinical practice 1st edition myrick.
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4. OUTLINE
B. Types on the basis of development:
1. Membranous bones,
2. Cartilaginous bones,
3. Membro-cartilaginous bones.
C. Types on the basis of region:
1. Bones of Axial skeleton,
2. Bones of Appendicular skeleton.
D. Types on the basis of structure:
1. According to Macroscopic approach:
a. Compact bone,
b. Spongy bone.
5. 2. According to Microscopic approach:
a. Fibrous bone,
b. Lamellar bone.
c. Woven bone.
d. Dentine and Cement.
6. •Bones:
Bone is the one-third connective tissue,
forming the main supporting framework of the
body. The in-organic Calcium salts make it hard
and rigid.
•Osteology:
The scientific study of bones is known
as Osteology.
INTRODUCTION
7. •Functions Of Bones:
a. Support, Protection & Movement:
1. Gives shape to the body.
2. Supports body weight.
3. Protects sensitive parts of the body.
b. Blood Cell Formation:
The red bone marrow found in the
connective
tissue of certain bones is the site of blood cell
production.
8. c. In-organic Salt Storage:
Functions as a storage depot for many of
the body
needs. For example: (Calcium, Potassium, Sodium
etc).
9. •Cartilage:
Cartilage is a connective tissue
composed of cells & fibers embedded in
Nucleopolysachharide.
There are three main types of cartilages
which are mentioned below:
1.Hyaline Cartilage: Covers the atricular
Surface of synovial membrane.
2.Fibro-Cartilage: Present in the Epiglottis
etc.
3. Elastic Cartilage: Present in the ear
Pinna etc.
10. •Functional Classification of
Joints:
The point in human skeleton where two bones join together
is called a joint.
There are three types of joints which are mentioned below:
1. Synarthroses:
Immoveable Joints.
Example: Suture
Fig. Example of
Synarthroses.
11. 2. Amphiarthrosis:
Slightly/Partially moveable joints.
Example: Intervertebral disc.
.
Fig. Example of Amphiarthrosis.
3. Diarthrosis:
Freely moveable joints.
Example: Synovial membrane
Fig. Example of Diarthrosis.
12. Types Of Bones:
A. Types On The Basis Of Shape:
There are 6 basic types which are
mentioned below:
1. Long Bones.
2. Short Bones.
3. Flat Bones.
4. Irregular Bones.
5. Pneumatic Bones.
6. Sesamoid Bones.
13. 1. Long Bones:
These bones typically have an elongated shaft
and
two expanded ends one on either side of the shaft. The shaft
is known as diaphysis and the ends are called epiphyses.
Examples: Humerus, femur etc.
Fig. Femur, Long Bone.
14. 2. Short Bones:
These bones are short in posture and can be of any
shape.
Examples: The carpal and tarsal bones.
Fig. Carpal Bones, Short Bones. Fig. Tarsal Bones, Short Bones.
15. 3. Flat Bones:
These bones are flat in
appearance.
Examples: Scapula, Ribs,
Sternum etc.
Fig. Scapula, Flat Bone.
Fig. Sternum & ribs, Flat bones.
16. 4. Irregular Bones:
These bones are
completely irregular in shape.
Examples: vertebrae, hip
bone and bones in the
base of skull.
Fig. Hip bone, Irregular bone.
Fig. 1st & 2nd Cervical of vertebra,
Irregular bone.
17. 5. Pneumatic Bones:
Pneumatic bones can also be categorized
under the irregular
bones.The characteristic difference is the presenceof
large air spaces in
these bones which make them light in weight and thus
they form the major
portion of skull
Examples: Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Maxila etc.
Fig. Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Maxila , Pnematic Bones.
18. 6.Sesamoid Bones:
These are in the form of
nodules embedded in
tendons and joint capsules.
Examples: Patella, Pisiform,
Fabella etc.
Fig. Pisiform, Sesamoid Bone.
Fig. Patella, Sesamoid Bone.
19. B. On The Basis Of
Development:
There are three basic types which are mentioned below:
1. Membranous bones,
2. Cartilaginous bones,
3. Membro-cartilaginous bones.
20. 1. Membranous bones:
These bones ossify in membrane from
mesenchymal
condensations.
Examples: Bones of the vault of skull
and Facial bones.
Fig. Bones of Skull & Face,
Membranous bones.
21. 2. Cartilaginous Bones:
They ossify in cartilage and thus
derived from performed
cartilaginous models.
Examples: Thoracic cage etc.
Fig. Thoracic cage, Cartilaginous bones.
22. 3. Membrano-cartilaginous Bones:
They ossify partly in membrane and partly in
cartilage.
Examples: Clavicle, Mandible, Temporal etc
Fig. Mandible,
Membrano-cartilaginous
bone.
Fig. Clavicle, Membrano-
Cartilaginous bone.
Fig. Temporal,
Membrano-Cartilaginous
bone.
23. C. On The Basis Of Region:
It is divided into two types, they are:
1. Axial Skeleton.
2. Appendicular Skeleton.
24. 1. Bones Of Axial Skeleton:
These bones forms the axial
skeleton of the human body.
Examples: Bones of skull,
Thoracic cage & Vertebral Column
Fig. Bones of Axial Skeleton.
25. 2.Bones Of Appendicular Skeleton:
These bones forms the Appendicular skeleton of
the human
Body.
Examples: bones of the limbs and girdles of
limbs.
Fig. Upper limb, Clavicle & Scapula
Girdle bones of Appendicular Skeleton.
Fig. Lower limb, Pelvic Girdle
bones of Appendicular Skeleton.
26. D. On The Basis Of
Structure:
They are sub divided into two parts, which are:
1. Macroscopic Approach.
2. Microscopic Approach.
27. 1. Macroscopic Approach:
a. Compact Bone:
Compact bone is dense in texture but is
extremely
porus.
Example: In the cortex of long bones.
Fig. Macroscopic structure of the
cortex of femur(Long Bone).
28. b. Cancellous OR Spongy Bone:
The part of bone where there is more
empty space and
less bone tissue.
Example: The inner part of Long
Bones.
Fig. The Macroscopic Structure of the inner part of
Femur(Long Bone).
29. a. Fibrous Bone:
These have more fibers in them. Also known as
immature bones.
Example: Found only in fetus, sockets of
alveolar bones and
sutures of the skull.
2. Microscopic Approach:
Fig. Microscopic structure of Fetus of Human.
30. Fig. Microscopic structure of Lamellar arranged in piles in a cancellous bone.
b. Lamellar Bone:
Most of the mature human bones,
whether compact or Cancellous, are composed
of thin plates of bony tissue called lamellae.
Example: Formed on the periosteal
surface of diaphysis.
31. c. Woven Bone:
Occurs initially in fetal
bones. In adults woven bone is created
after fractures.
Example: Seen in fetal
bone, fracture repair and in cancer
of bone.
Fig. Microscopic structure of Woven bone.
32. d. Cementum and Dentine:
Cementum is a specialized calcified
substance covering the
root of a tooth. It hardens to act as an adhesive glue.
Dentine is
one of the hard tissues of the teeth which
constitutes most of its bulk.
Example: Occur in teeth.
Fig. Dentine of a tooth. Fig. The Cementum of a human tooth.
33. Do you know?
• Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage.
• By age 25 the skeleton is completely hardened.
•206 bones make up the adult skeleton (20% of body
mass)
• 80 bones of the axial skeleton
• 126 bones of the appendicular skeleton
• The largest bone in the human skeleton is Femur.
• Babies are born with about 300 bones.
•Almost a third of bones of babies eventually fuse together
to
form the 206-bone skeleton of an adult.
34. • Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage.
• By age 25 the skeleton is completely hardened.
• 206 bones make up the adult skeleton (20% of body mass)
• 80 bones of the axial skeleton
• 126 bones of the appendicular skeleton
• The largest bone in the human skeleton is Femur.
• Babies are born with about 300 bones.
•Almost a third of bones of babies eventually fuse together
to
form the 206-bone skeleton of an adult.
Do you know?
35. • Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage.
• By age 25 the skeleton is completely hardened.
• 206 bones make up the adult skeleton (20% of body mass)
• 80 bones of the axial skeleton
• 126 bones of the appendicular skeleton
• The largest bone in the human skeleton is Femur.
• Babies are born with about 300 bones.
• Almost a third of bones of babies eventually fuse together to
form the 206-bone skeleton of an adult.
Do you know?
36. Do you know?
• Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage.
• By age 25 the skeleton is completely hardened.
• 206 bones make up the adult skeleton (20% of body mass)
• 80 bones of the axial skeleton
• 126 bones of the appendicular skeleton
• The largest bone in the human skeleton is Femur.
• Babies are born with about 300 bones.
• Almost a third of bones of babies eventually fuse together to
form the 206-bone skeleton of an adult.