The document discusses the union government of India. It has three levels of government: union, state, and concurrent. Legislative power is divided into three lists - the union list, state list, and concurrent list. The union government consists of the parliament with two houses: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The Lok Sabha represents the people and is elected for 5 years, while the Rajya Sabha represents states and is a permanent house elected for 6 years. The parliament has powers like lawmaking, controlling the executive, financial powers, amending the constitution, and judicial and electoral functions.

1. THE UNION GOVERNMENT
THE LEGISLATURE
BY KAMLESH KHANNA

2. FEDERAL FORM OF
GOVERNMENT
India is a vast country with diverse
languages, religious, customs, traditions,
lifestyles, climatic conditions and
geographical features. It becomes difficult
to have a single unified administrative
setup

3. AIM OF FEDERATION

4. DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT

5. THREE ORGANS OF THE UNION GOVERNMENT

9. Chief Justice
25 sitting judges
(maximum no. can be 31)
Supreme Court

10. To ensure that the union and
the state governments have a
definite jurisdiction of
legislative powers without any
conflict or overlapping of
functioning, the makers of our
constitution enumerated and
divided all the subjects on
which laws should be made
into three lists

11. Union List
Has subjects of
National importance
Union alone can
make laws
Defence, foreign
affairs, war & peace,
railways, post offices,
currency, foreign
exchange, etc.
97 Subjects
Subjects not included
in the three lists
State legislature
can make laws
66 Subjects
Centre and the
Parliament can make
laws
State List
Concurrent
List
Residuary
Subject
Police, local
government, public
health & sanitation,
agriculture, forests,
etc.
52 Subjects
The Parliament as well
as the state legislature
both may make laws*
Has subjects of common
interest both to Centre
& State
Has subjects of Local
& State importance
Computer software
hardware,- commerce,
information
technology,etc.
Marriage & divorce,
transfer of property other
than agricultural land,
adulteration of foodstuffs,
drugs & medicines, labour
welfare,etc.

13. State List

16. LOK SABHA (LOWER HOUSE)
• Represents the people of India
• Composition: 552 (530+20+2)
• Presided by the speaker
• Members are elected for the 5 years
• can be dissolved if no party is able to
command or can be extended in
emergency
• Money Bills are passed only in Lok Sabha
• Can pass No Confidence Motion
President of India is not a member of any of
the two houses
RAJAYA SABHA (UPPER HOUSE)
• Represents the states of India
• Composition:250(238+12)
• Presides by the ex-officio chairman (vice
president)
• Members are elected for the 6 years
• is permanent house which can never be
dissolved
• Money Bills can’t be introduced in Rajya
Sabha
• Can’t pass No Confidence Motion

17. QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBER
LOK SABHA
• must be a citizen of India.
• Must have completed the
25 years of age
• Name must be in the
voters' list
• Should not be a
government servant
RAJYA SABHA
• must be a citizen of India.
• Must have completed the
30 years of age
• Name must be in the
voters' list
• Should not be a
government servant

18. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SPEAKER
• Presides over the meetings of the Lok Sabha
• Maintains discipline and Decorum of the house
• All the petitions and documents addressed to the House are
received by the Speaker.
• Communicates the decision of the house to the concerned
authorities
• Presides over the joint session of both the houses of the
Parliament
•

19. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF UNION PARLIAMENT

20. LEGISLATIVE POWERS
• The parliament is the highest law making body
• It makes laws on the subjects enlisted in the lists
• The making of law is initiated by introducing a
legislative proposal for the bill (other than money bill)
in either of the two Houses of Parliament.

21. CONTROL OVER THE EXECUTIVE
• The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to
the Lok Sabha
• Controls the executive by asking questions (Question
hour)
• Since Rajya Sabha can't pass a vote of no confidence
,Lok Sabha has more effective control over the union
executive

24. FINANCIAL POWERS
•Annual budget of the Central Government is
passed by the Parliament every year
•Government can't impose any tax or incur any
expenditure if the proposal are not approved by
the Parliament
•Money bill can only be introduced in Lok Sabha

25. POWER TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION
• Both the houses of Parliament can amend the Constitution
• Two third of the total number of members of each house should
approve the amendment
• In some amendments approval of half of the legislative
assemblies of states is also required
• An amendment Bill can be introduced in either House
• But it must be passed by each house separately
• The constitution of India provides three methods of amending the
constitution

26. JUDICIAL POWERS
• Impeachment of the President when it's
approved by the majority of both the
Houses
• Removal of Judges of the Supreme Court,
High courts, Chief Election Commissioner
etc.

27. ELECTORAL FUNCTIONS
•Parliament along with State Legislatures
appoints the President of India.
•Parliament appoints the Vice President of
India
•Parliament elects Lok Sabha's Speaker and
Deputy Speaker and Rajya Sabha Deputy
Chairman
•