Class 2 from my Phonetics course for students in Communication Disorders.

1. Phonetics – Class 2
CD 233
Lisa Lavoie

2. Announcement
You will submit HW 3 by midnight on
Saturday and I will give you feedback
Then you should study your symbols
and take Quiz 1 on the honor system.
Quiz 1 will be available from Saturday 1
am to Monday midnight for you to take
whenever is convenient.

3. Today’s agenda
Review consonants and symbols
Make “minimal pairs”
Review homework assignments
Listen to Harry Potter stars speak
American
Review vowels using poetry

4. Intuitive symbols for consonants
p b t d k g
m n
f v s z h
l r w

5. Challenging consonants
 ŋ “ng” (engma)
 θ “th” in “thin” (theta)
 ð “th” in “the” (eth)
 ʃ “sh” elongated “s” (esh)
 ʒ “ zh” z with tail
 tʃ “ch” as in chick
 dʒ “j” as in Joe
 j “y” as in yellow
 ʔ glottal stop

6. Which consonant for underlined?
Measure Bath
Singer Bathe
Juan York
Region Hawai’i
Uh-oh Ankle

7. What consonant symbols to use?
acquittal beauty crimson
amateur bureaucracy compassion
aquarium chimpanzee cultural
astonish chromium digestion

8. What consonants? Part 2
snickers coupon jog, major
youth mutual wrangle
crunchy natural measure
crunchy tether wry

9. What consonants? Part 3
Egyptian nonchalant pathology
gestation omniscient quantify
Hercules orthodox rebellious
mingle pasteurized weather

10. Minimal pair or minimal set
 A way of proving that a consonant or vowel
makes a difference in meaning
 Use same frame & fill in different Cs or Vs
 Sort of like rhyming with kids: big, pig, dig
 But the sounds can be in any position as long
as it’s the same position in every word set
 Important for trickier sounds, either/ether
 Make minimal pairs for a few sounds

11. Some frames to play with
Add consonants to make English words
that are minimal pairs/sets
__ o __ u
__ ʌ t __ ɪ ʃ
p i __ l æ__
s e __ ɚ b ɪ __ i

12. Vowel Symbols
Variation in English centers on vowels
Fewer letters of alphabet to begin with
So more symbols to master
Review symbols on blackboard

13. English Vowel Quadrilateral
The extreme, or “point,” vowels
i u
æ ɑ

14. Vowels and diphthongs of English
14 different vowels in English
 Vowels (monophthongs) have a single
sound quality throughout
3, 4 or 6 diphthongs (depending)
 Diphthongs are a single vowel unit that
glides between two approximate sound
qualities

15. Diphthongs
 3 true diphthongs
 aɪ pie
 aʊ pow
 ɔɪ poi
 Sometimes called diphthongs
 eɪ pay
 oʊ po (the Teletubbie)
 ju pew

16. Try these vowels
Vampires and mosquitoes agree: blood
is good food
The white dove dove out of the nest.
We live near the live broadcast site.
The girl with the bow took a bow.

17. Calling on Limericks for help
http://childrenspoetryarchive.org/solr-search/
Three%20Limericks
What do you already know about
limericks?
Anyone have a favorite limerick?

19. What’s a limerick?
Funny little poem with 5 lines
Tells a funny story
Line 1 sets the scene/introduces
character (8 syllables)
Line 2 says more (8 syllables)
Lines 3 and 4 build tension (6 syllables)
Line 5 gives outcome (8 syllables)

20. Limerick 1…
A flea and a fly in a flue
Were caught, so what could they do?
 Said the fly, “let us flee”
 “Let us fly,” said the flea
So they flew through a flaw in the flue

21. Limerick 2…
There once was a pauper named Meg
Who accidentally broke her leg
 She slipped on the ice
 Not once, but thrice
Take no pity on her, I beg

22. Limerick 3…
A mouse in her room woke Miss Dowd
Who was frightened and screamed very
loud
 Then the happy thought hit her
 To scare off the critter
She sat up in bed and meowed

23. Limerick 4…
There was a young hunter named
Shepherd
Who was eaten for lunch by a leopard
 Said the leopard, “Egad!
 You’d be tastier, lad
If you had been salted and peppered”

24. Limerick 5…
There was a young lass from Whittier
Who thought she would look kinda
prettier
 If she got a tattoo
 Of an entire zoo
And all we can do now is pity her

26. Write your own limerick
Remember that lines 1, 2, 5 rhyme
And that lines 3 and 4 rhyme
Keep ‘em clean

27. Homework
Questions on HW1?
Read through HW2
“Orthography” is fancy term for standard
spelling (“straight” writing just like an
orthodontist makes straight teeth)

28. Let’s read and transcribe (1)
fear gear wear
meat sweat great
tough cough dough

29. Let’s read and transcribe (2)
perk cork work
chef shoe sure
who whoa white

30. Harry Potter Stars
Speaking American in 2010….
Who has the best American accent?
http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/11/17/h
arry-potter-cast-american-talk-must-watch-
video/

31. More Fun with Vowels!
Let’s look at the vowel examples on the
green sheet
Be sure you have key examples for
yourself on the sheet
We’ll practice with a variety of vowels
and words

32. Building minimal sets
Use these vowels:
i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ, u, ʊ, o, ɔ, ɑ, ɝ, ʌ
 f ____ d
 g ____ n
 l ____ d
 sk ___ n
 b ___ rd

33. Building minimal sets, 2
Use these vowels:
i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ, u, ʊ, o, ɔ, ɑ, ɝ, ʌ
 t ____ nt
 s ____ t
 r ____ t
 r ____ bd
 sp ___ t
 w ___ d

34. Building minimal sets, 3
 Use these diphthongs and any onset
(beginning) consonant you would like:
 aɪ aʊ ɔɪ
 ____ d
 ____ n
 ____ m
 ____ b
 ____ l
 ____ t

35. What vowels are in these words?
 Straight
 Bread
 Filled
 Bring
 Lapse
 Pink
 Beer
 Taco
 Push
 Raw
 Sword
 Costume

36. Literary devices with Cs and Vs
Alliteration: repeat first consonants of
words (often found in tongue twisters)
Consonance: repeat the final
consonants of words
Assonance: repeat vowels in words that
are close to each other; can be subtle
and hard to spot, “internal” rhyme

37. Edgar Allen Poe “The Bells”
Hear the mellow wedding bells - Golden
bells! What a world of happiness their
harmony foretells!
… From the molten-golden notes
At the melancholy menace of their tone,
Every sound that floats from the rust
within their throats … is a groan

38. Assonance in poetry
Adrienne Rich
 Stir the nerves; Letters from the dead;
 Skeletons and petals
Sylvia Plath
 Strips of tinfoil winking like people
e.e. Cummings
 On a proud round cloud in white high night

39. Assonance in lyrics
Eminem “Criminal”
 Fire at the private eye hired to pry in my
business
Will Smith “Miami”
 Dominican women with cinnamon tans
Thin Lizzy “With Love”
 I must confess that in my quest I felt
depressed and restless

40. Assonance in proverbs
The squeaky wheel gets the grease
The early bird gets the worm

41. “Breaking Stones”
 By Gillian Clark
 Out in the dusk day after day breaking
stones, summer and winter, aching bones.

42. “Breaking Stones” cont’d
 Under the tarmac of every road, every
motorway, lie the old tracks and the stones
they broke, the stones they sold.
 Winter and summer stones for bread, and
bread for stones, till their old bones ached
from breaking stones.

43. More assonance
 http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/singlePoe
m.do?poemId=470
 “A Rose for Janet”

44. Write your own assonance
Think of some short phrases that show
assonance in their vowels
It doesn’t matter how silly they are
Pick a vowel and give it a try
“Early girls working the earth”
“Early bird gets the worm”

45. Homework for the coming week
For Saturday, do HW 3 (transcription)
For next Wednesday, do HW 4
Start thinking about word stress and
think about nicknames—best and worst
nicknames, most/least sensible, popular

46. Diphthongs, /r/-colored V practice
 Maestro
 Flour
 Oyster
 Prowess
 License
 Coin
 Purpose
 Sherbet
 Converge
 Upper
 War
 Lard

50. Extra material IF needed

51. Vowel variation
 Economics
 Route
 Semiformal
 Aunt
 Produce
 Harassment
 Envelope
 Address

52. Vowel variation 2
 Hurry
 Adult
 Creek
 Roof
 Hoodlum
 Volatile
 Pecan
 Productivity

53. Get dads reading!
http://www.booktrust.org.uk/books/childr
en/how-to-share-books/get-dads-reading/
James Patterson

54. Summer Heights High
 Australian Mockumentary
 Celine, Drama Class, Evacuation Procedures (best to
transcribe)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iA0Xl9OB19o&feature=rel
ated
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sAoATVaCTCo
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lohXhTOCtE&feature=fv
wrel