Realism was an artistic and literary movement that emerged in France in the 1840s as a rejection of Romanticism. Realist works aimed to depict everyday life and typical people and events truthfully without idealization. In art, Realism was the first modern movement and expanded conceptions of what constituted art by focusing on scenes from daily life. Major realist artists included Adolph von Menzel, Winslow Homer, and Jean-François Millet, while writers such as Honoré de Balzac, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, and George Eliot used psychological analysis and detailed realism in their novels. Realism had a significant influence on later literature and art through its emphasis on truthful everyday depictions

1. Realism

2. INTRODUCTION
Realism was an artistic and literary movement that emerged in
France in the 1840s, around the 1848 Revolution. This
movement appear as a rejection of Romanticisms. which had
dominated French literature and art since the early 19th century.
Realism revolted against the odd subject matter and the
exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic
movement. Instead it attempt to describe life as it is without
idealization, it look to portray real and typical contemporary
people and situations with truth and accuracy.
. The movement aimed to focus on unidealized subjects and
events that were previously rejected in art work. Realist works
depicted people of all classes in situations that arise in ordinary
life, and often reflected the changes brought by the Industrial
and Commercial Revolutions.

3. REALISM AS ART
MOVEMENT
Realism is recognized as the first modern
movement in art, which rejected traditional
art as outmoded in the wake of the
Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.
Beginning in France in the 1840s, Realism
revolutionized painting, expanding
conceptions of what constituted art. Realist
painters replaced the idealistic images and
literary conceits of traditional art with real-
life events, giving similar weight to grand
history paintings and allegories. They
brought everyday life in their painting.

4. MOST FAMOUS REALIST
ARTISTS AND THEIR
MASTERPIECES
ADOLPH VON MENZEL. And his
famous masterpiece: Eisenwalzwerk, Iron
Rolling Mill (1875)

5. WINSLOW HOMER. And his masterpiece:
The Gulf Stream (1899)

6. JEAN-FRANÇOIS MILLET. And his
masterpiece:The Gleaners (1857)

7. Major Realist Writers
 de Balzac, Honoré (1799-1850)
 Dostoyevsky, Fyodor (1821-1881)
 Eliot, George (1819-1880)
 Flaubert, Gustave (1821-1880)
 Howells, William Dean (1837-1920)
 James, Henry (1843-1916)
 Twain, Mark (1835-1910)
 Wharton, Edith (1862-1937)

8. 1-de Balzac, Honore:(1799-1850)
 Honoré de Balzac Facts. The French novelist
Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850) was the first
writer
 Commonly regarded as the founder of social
realism, he
 also had affinities with the romantics

9. 2- Dostoyevsky, Fyodor(1821-
1881
 born November 11 [October 30, Old Style],
1821
 died February 9 [January 28, Old Style], 1881
 ,Russian novelist and short-story writer whose
psychological penetration into the darkest
recesses of the human heart

10. 3-Eliot, George (1819-1880)
 born November 22, 1819, Chilvers Coton,
Warwickshire, England—died December 22,
1880, London),
 English Victorian novelist who developed the
method of psychological analysis characteristic of
modern fiction
 George Eliot was the pen name of Mary Ann
Evans, one of the leading English novelists of the
19th century. Her novels, most famously
'Middlemarch', are celebrated for their realism and
psychological insights.

11. Realism effect on literature
 In literature, writers use realism as a literary
technique to describe story elements, such as
setting, characters, themes, etc., without using
elaborate imagery, or figurative language, such
as similes and metaphors. Through realism,
writers explain things without decorative
language or sugar-coating the events. Realism
is something opposite to romanticism and
idealism

12.  The first American realist author was William Dean Howells,
who was known for writing novels about middle-class life.
 Another early American realist was Samuel Clemens (pen
name Mark Twain), who was the first well-known author to
come from middle America. When he published The
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in 1884, it was the first time a
novel captured the distinctive life and voice of that part of the
country.
 Similarly, Stephen Crane’s 1895 Civil War novel The Red
Badge of Courage told the real but previously untold stories
of life on the battlefield. These stories encouraged more
American writers to use their voices to speak truth to the real
conditions of what life was really like, whether at war or in
poverty.
 Other well-known realist American authors include John
Steinbeck, Upton Sinclair, Jack London, Edith Wharton, and
Henry James

13.  Literary realism is part of the realist art movement that
started in nineteenth-century France and lasted until
the early twentieth century. It began as a reaction to
eighteenth-century Romanticism and the rise of the
bourgeois in Europe. Works of Romanticism were
thought to be too exotic and to have lost touch with
the real world.
 The roots of literary realism lie in France, where realist
writers published works of realism in novels and in
serial form in newspapers. The earliest realist writers
include Honoré de Balzac, who infused his writing with
complex characters and detailed observations about
society, and Gustave Flaubert, who established realist
narration as
 we know it today

14.  After the phase of Romanticism, Realism came into play.
Realism really became an active movement in literature in the
mid-nineteenth century, during a period of revolution and
innovation in Europe (Maier). Often times portrayed as the
opposite of Romanticism, Realism is a genre of true honesty
and reality. Realist characters are brutally honest, able to deal
with and address difficult situations, and deal with their
problems in a realistic fashion. In contrast with Romanticism,
Realism provided readers with a fresh breath of air with “a
certain degree of “truth telling” or sober factuality” (Maier). A
guide booklet created by The French Realist School
concluded that realistic writing should be clear of
“idealization, poetic language, and exaggeration,” with some
kind of struggle of the main character present in the plot
(Maier).

15.  Many time periods have set the bar high for
today’s authors, such as the revolutionary time
in Europe when Realism was brought into play.
More specifically, the creation of Realism has
inspired authors and artists alike to create a
sense of honesty and reality within their works
of fiction. Realism has set the standard for
literature and art, all around the world

16.  Two significant time periods in literature and
art were the periods of Romanticism and
Realism. Before Realism was really brought
into literature, Romanticism was the style of
choice. Authors of the Romanticism phase
generally depicted their characters as heartfelt
and full of intuition. These characters were
most often known to follow their own hearts
instead of their logic. Authors were responsible
for building characters who “placed greater
emphasis on the value of intuition and
imagination than on objective reason

17. Characteristics of Realism
 - It focuses on psychological, details, optimistic tone,
realistic, workable, slow-moving plot.
 - There are Round and Dynamic characters who do the
purpose of the play.
 - Verification can happen with an experiment.
 - The characters represents the world as it is.
 - The plot is considered to be the circumstances in the
story.
 - There is foreshadowing in everyday events.
 - Events of the story are reasonable.
 - It focuses on morality, usually genuine, relativistic
between people and society.
 - Humans are in control of their own destiny.

18. RESOURCES
1- https://www.theartstory.org/movement/realism/
2- http://www.online-literature.com/periods/realism.php
3- https://www.dvusd.org/cms/lib011/AZ01901092/Centricity/Domain/4781/Realism.VL.2.pdf
4- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(art_movement

19. -Arwa Al-azmi: introduction .
-Najwa Abdullah: Realism as art movement, most famous artists
and their masterpieces, and did the PowerPoint and uploaded it
on SlideShare.
-Reem Bairam: Major Realist Writers.
-Sarah Al-Masoudi : Realism effect on literature .
-Tamathor Abd Almonim Owidah : Characteristics of Realism.
Work parts