Civil engineering Unit Conversions
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Design of residential building
This document describes the design of a residential building located in S.V.Nagar, Puliyangudi. The 438.9 sqm building will be a G+1 framed structure. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns were analyzed using STAAD Pro software and designed using the limit state method outlined in IS 456:2000. The building will include facilities like a portico, dining hall, drawing hall, kitchen, bedrooms, a study room, guest room, balcony, and staircase. Dimensional details of the structural elements are provided. Design of the slabs, beams, columns, footing, and staircase are discussed. The planning and design of the residential building was completed effectively using the limit state
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Problems on bearing capacity of soil
This document provides 10 examples of problems related to bearing capacity of foundations. The examples calculate bearing capacity using Terzaghi's analysis for different soil and foundation conditions, including cohesionless and cohesive soils, square and strip footings, and considering the water table depth. One example compares results to field plate load tests. The solutions show calculations for determining soil shear strength parameters, factor of safety, and safe bearing capacity.
Chapter 3 junction design
This document discusses junction design and traffic engineering. It defines different types of junctions including intersections and interchanges. Factors that affect junction loads are discussed. The types of movements at junctions like turning, merging, and diverging are also outlined. Conflict points and areas at intersections are explained. Methods to reduce conflicts at four-leg junctions using techniques like channelization are presented. Selection factors for junction types and different types of sight distances at junctions are also summarized. Finally, traffic light design and terminology used in traffic light phasing are covered.
UNDERPASS DESIGN
This document discusses the design of an underpass. It begins with objectives such as reducing accidents and providing safe and hassle-free movement of vehicles and pedestrians. It describes the methodology, survey results of the existing junction, traffic count data, soil testing results, and design of the road, box culvert, and overbridge. It includes analysis of loads and moments on structural elements. Reinforcement details are provided. Cost estimation and conclusions that the underpass will maintain vehicle speed and reduce accidents are also summarized.
Design of column according ACI codes
1) The document discusses design considerations for columns according to ACI code, including requirements for different types of columns like tied, spirally reinforced, and composite columns.
2) It provides details on failure modes of tied and spiral columns and code requirements for minimum reinforcement ratios, number of bars, clear spacing, cover, and cross sectional dimensions.
3) Lateral reinforcement requirements are discussed, noting ties help restrain longitudinal bars from buckling while spirals provide additional confinement at ultimate load.
Admixtures And Their Properties
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Moment Distribution Method
The document discusses the moment distribution method for analyzing statically indeterminate structures. It begins by outlining the basic principles and definitions of the method, including stiffness factors, carry-over factors, and distribution factors. It then provides an example problem, showing the calculation of fixed end moments, establishment of the distribution table through successive approximations, and determination of shear forces and bending moments. Finally, it discusses extensions of the method to structures with non-prismatic members, including using tables to determine necessary values for analysis.
Recommended
Design of residential building
This document describes the design of a residential building located in S.V.Nagar, Puliyangudi. The 438.9 sqm building will be a G+1 framed structure. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns were analyzed using STAAD Pro software and designed using the limit state method outlined in IS 456:2000. The building will include facilities like a portico, dining hall, drawing hall, kitchen, bedrooms, a study room, guest room, balcony, and staircase. Dimensional details of the structural elements are provided. Design of the slabs, beams, columns, footing, and staircase are discussed. The planning and design of the residential building was completed effectively using the limit state
Unit conversion for Civil Engineers
The presentation shows the simple conversion between MKS and FPS system. It also shows how to convert from one unit to other unit within the system.
Problems on bearing capacity of soil
This document provides 10 examples of problems related to bearing capacity of foundations. The examples calculate bearing capacity using Terzaghi's analysis for different soil and foundation conditions, including cohesionless and cohesive soils, square and strip footings, and considering the water table depth. One example compares results to field plate load tests. The solutions show calculations for determining soil shear strength parameters, factor of safety, and safe bearing capacity.
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UNDERPASS DESIGN
This document discusses the design of an underpass. It begins with objectives such as reducing accidents and providing safe and hassle-free movement of vehicles and pedestrians. It describes the methodology, survey results of the existing junction, traffic count data, soil testing results, and design of the road, box culvert, and overbridge. It includes analysis of loads and moments on structural elements. Reinforcement details are provided. Cost estimation and conclusions that the underpass will maintain vehicle speed and reduce accidents are also summarized.
Design of column according ACI codes
1) The document discusses design considerations for columns according to ACI code, including requirements for different types of columns like tied, spirally reinforced, and composite columns.
2) It provides details on failure modes of tied and spiral columns and code requirements for minimum reinforcement ratios, number of bars, clear spacing, cover, and cross sectional dimensions.
3) Lateral reinforcement requirements are discussed, noting ties help restrain longitudinal bars from buckling while spirals provide additional confinement at ultimate load.
Admixtures And Their Properties
This document discusses different types of admixtures used in concrete, including their uses and effects. It covers mineral admixtures like fly ash and silica fume that can reduce costs and improve properties. It also discusses chemical admixtures, specifically highlighting water reducers, superplasticizers, accelerators, and retarders. Water reducers and superplasticizers can lower the water-cement ratio while maintaining workability, leading to increased strength. Accelerators can reduce setting time while retarders have the opposite effect of delaying setting.
Moment Distribution Method
The document discusses the moment distribution method for analyzing statically indeterminate structures. It begins by outlining the basic principles and definitions of the method, including stiffness factors, carry-over factors, and distribution factors. It then provides an example problem, showing the calculation of fixed end moments, establishment of the distribution table through successive approximations, and determination of shear forces and bending moments. Finally, it discusses extensions of the method to structures with non-prismatic members, including using tables to determine necessary values for analysis.
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1. The minimum column size should not be less than 9"x9" for a single story structure, and 12"x9" for a 1.5 story structure, using appropriate concrete grades. Larger column sizes are needed for greater distances or heights.
2. The distance between column centers should not exceed 4m for 9"x9" columns, and larger column sizes are needed for greater distances.
3. Columns should be arranged in a rectangular grid or circular pattern, not zigzag, to avoid structural issues in load transfer, wall construction, and beam placement. Following these thumb rules can help prevent mistakes in structural design.
Design of staircases
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Steel formwork
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Question and Answers on Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (usefulsearch.org)...
This document contains solved examples of questions on bearing capacity from previous year question papers. It includes 6 questions calculating the ultimate bearing capacity, safe bearing capacity, and size of footing for given soil properties and loading conditions using Terzaghi and general shear failure theories. The properties provided are unit weight, cohesion, friction angle, and bearing capacity factors. Depths, widths, loads, and factors of safety are also given. The step-by-step workings and solutions are shown for each question.
Road patten
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determination of flakiness index test.
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Basic principles of design for rcc building
The document discusses building maintenance, common defects, and remedial methods for RCC structures. It describes three main common defects: foundations, walls, and concrete/RCC frames. For foundations, common issues include differential settlement, uplift of shrinkage soil, and dampness. For walls, issues include cracking, dampness penetration, and failure during cyclones. For concrete frames, common problems discussed are seepage/leakage, spalling of concrete, and corrosion of steel reinforcement. The document provides detailed remedial methods for addressing each of these defects.
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Foundation types
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Level of Service(LOS) of a road with Calculation Method
This material is very helpful to understand LOS with definitions, classifications, factors affecting LOS, Calculation Method of LOS
DEEP FOUNDATION
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Stucture Design of various Watre tank
This document provides details on the design of a rectangular water tank resting on ground. It discusses the analysis done to determine bending moments and tensile forces in the walls. It then shows the step-by-step design of the walls and base slab of a 5m x 4m rectangular tank with 3m depth, reinforced with Fe415 steel bars in M20 concrete. Reinforcement details are calculated and sketched to resist vertical and horizontal bending moments at the wall corners and edges.
Concrete
Concrete is a composite material made by binding aggregates with a cement paste. It comes in various types depending on the binding material (cement or lime) and purpose (plain, reinforced, pre-stressed). Good concrete has strength, durability, density, water tightness, workability and resistance to wear and tear. Proper mixing, placing, compaction and curing are required to develop these qualities in concrete.
1. i Highway Planning.pdf
The document discusses highway and transportation planning. It covers:
- The need for transportation planning to optimize mobility and utilize limited resources.
- Different types of planning including short, medium, and long term. Long term planning requires more funding and impacts the environment.
- The systems approach to complex long term planning which involves analysis, engineering, and scientific decision making.
- Evaluating economic and environmental viability of alternatives through factors like benefits, costs, impacts.
- Challenges of transportation planning such as funding, coordination, and environmental concerns.
- Road network classification including national highways, feeder roads, urban and district roads.
- Strategic road network and local road network planning in Nepal.
Theory of structures I - STUDENT NOTE BOOK (Polytechnics Revision 2015)
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Types of intersection of road and design parameters of road intersection
This document provides information about types of road intersections and design parameters. It discusses two main types of intersections: grade-separated intersections which use bridges or tunnels to separate opposing traffic, and at-grade intersections where traffic crosses at the same level. Several specific intersection designs are described such as diamond, cloverleaf, and roundabout. Key design parameters for pedestrians, bicyclists, vehicles, and traffic control are also outlined.
Metric and imperial conversions
This document provides conversion factors between metric and imperial units of length, area, capacity and volume, weight, US measures, and temperature. It lists equivalents for units like centimeters to inches, meters to yards, square centimeters to square inches, liters to gallons, grams to ounces, degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit and vice versa. The goal is to have some useful conversion factors between different measurement systems.
UNITS & CONVERSIONS
This document provides conversion factors and abbreviations for various units of measurement in the metric system including length, area, volume, weight, temperature, time, speed, force, pressure, power, angle, and other physical quantities. Some key conversions include:
- 1 meter = 100 centimeters
- 1 square meter = 10,000 square centimeters
- 1 liter = 1,000 cubic centimeters
- 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams
- 0 degrees Celsius = 32 degrees Fahrenheit
- 1 newton = 100,000 dynes
- 1 bar = 100,000 pascals
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Off street parking
this presentation is about off street parking in city area, where there more requirement for parking and have less space.
Thumb rules for placing column layout
This document provides three thumb rules for column placement in structures:
1. The minimum column size should not be less than 9"x9" for a single story structure, and 12"x9" for a 1.5 story structure, using appropriate concrete grades. Larger column sizes are needed for greater distances or heights.
2. The distance between column centers should not exceed 4m for 9"x9" columns, and larger column sizes are needed for greater distances.
3. Columns should be arranged in a rectangular grid or circular pattern, not zigzag, to avoid structural issues in load transfer, wall construction, and beam placement. Following these thumb rules can help prevent mistakes in structural design.
Design of staircases
The document discusses the design of staircases. It begins by defining key components of staircases like treads, risers, stringers, etc. It then describes different types of staircases such as straight, doglegged, and spiral. The document outlines considerations for designing staircases like dimensions, loads, and structural behavior. It provides steps for geometric design, load calculations, structural analysis, reinforcement design, and detailing of staircases. Numerical examples are also included to illustrate the design process.
E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall method
This document provides step-by-step calculations to estimate quantities of construction materials for a two-room building using both the center line method and long wall short wall method. For the center line method, the total center line length is calculated and used to determine quantities of earthwork, lime concrete, brickwork, DPC, and superstructure brickwork. For the long wall short wall method, the long and short wall lengths are used along with area formulas to calculate the same material quantities. Deductions are also made for openings. The document demonstrates how to apply these estimation methods to solve a sample quantity take-off problem.
Steel formwork
The document discusses steel formwork used for constructing concrete structures. Steel formwork consists of panels made from steel plates reinforced with steel angles. It has advantages over wooden formwork like strength, durability, and producing a smooth concrete surface. The time required to remove formwork depends on factors like cement type and weather conditions. Steel formwork requires maintenance like leveling plates but can be reused numerous times on projects.
Question and Answers on Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (usefulsearch.org)...
This document contains solved examples of questions on bearing capacity from previous year question papers. It includes 6 questions calculating the ultimate bearing capacity, safe bearing capacity, and size of footing for given soil properties and loading conditions using Terzaghi and general shear failure theories. The properties provided are unit weight, cohesion, friction angle, and bearing capacity factors. Depths, widths, loads, and factors of safety are also given. The step-by-step workings and solutions are shown for each question.
Road patten
The document discusses various road patterns including rectangular or block pattern, radial or star and block pattern, radial or star and circular pattern, radial or star and grid pattern, and hexagonal pattern. It provides details on the layout and advantages and limitations of the rectangular or block pattern, as well as examples of cities that use different patterns. The choice of road pattern depends on factors like the locality, town layout, and choice of the planning engineer.
determination of flakiness index test.
This report describes an experiment to determine the flakiness index of an aggregate sample. The sample was sieved into different size fractions and particles that passed through thickness gauge slots less than 0.6 times their mean sieve size were considered flaky. Based on the mass of flaky particles measured, the flakiness index of the sample was calculated to be 5.6%, which meets the maximum 20% required by JKR standards. While some experimental error occurred, the conclusion is that the sample's flakiness level is acceptable for highway construction if proper compaction is performed to limit voids.
Basic principles of design for rcc building
The document discusses building maintenance, common defects, and remedial methods for RCC structures. It describes three main common defects: foundations, walls, and concrete/RCC frames. For foundations, common issues include differential settlement, uplift of shrinkage soil, and dampness. For walls, issues include cracking, dampness penetration, and failure during cyclones. For concrete frames, common problems discussed are seepage/leakage, spalling of concrete, and corrosion of steel reinforcement. The document provides detailed remedial methods for addressing each of these defects.
Indian standard method for mix design M45
Mix Design for M45, Indian Standard method of mix design, Mix design for Pumpable Concrete, Mix design by IS456-2000
Plastic as a soil stabilizer
This presentation includes in how many ways plastic can be used in soil stabilization. It covers how a waste material can be used without any additional increase in cost.
Foundation types
This document discusses different types of foundations, including shallow and deep foundations. Shallow foundations include spread footings, combined footings, strap footings, and raft/mat foundations. Deep foundations include pile foundations, pier foundations, and caisson/well foundations. It also discusses considerations for foundations on expansive black cotton soil, recommending methods like strip foundations, pier foundations, and under-reamed pile foundations.
Level of Service(LOS) of a road with Calculation Method
This material is very helpful to understand LOS with definitions, classifications, factors affecting LOS, Calculation Method of LOS
DEEP FOUNDATION
Deep foundations are used when the bearing stratum is located at a significant depth below the surface. The most common types of deep foundations are pile foundations, cofferdams, and caisson foundations. Pile foundations support structures using vertical piles that transfer loads either through end bearing or skin friction. Piles can be made of timber, concrete, steel, or a composite. Cofferdams are temporary structures used to exclude water from a construction site to allow work below the water level. Common types include earthfill, rockfill, single-walled, and cellular cofferdams. Caissons are watertight structures that become part of the permanent foundation. Types are open caissons, box caissons
Stucture Design of various Watre tank
This document provides details on the design of a rectangular water tank resting on ground. It discusses the analysis done to determine bending moments and tensile forces in the walls. It then shows the step-by-step design of the walls and base slab of a 5m x 4m rectangular tank with 3m depth, reinforced with Fe415 steel bars in M20 concrete. Reinforcement details are calculated and sketched to resist vertical and horizontal bending moments at the wall corners and edges.
Concrete
Concrete is a composite material made by binding aggregates with a cement paste. It comes in various types depending on the binding material (cement or lime) and purpose (plain, reinforced, pre-stressed). Good concrete has strength, durability, density, water tightness, workability and resistance to wear and tear. Proper mixing, placing, compaction and curing are required to develop these qualities in concrete.
1. i Highway Planning.pdf
The document discusses highway and transportation planning. It covers:
- The need for transportation planning to optimize mobility and utilize limited resources.
- Different types of planning including short, medium, and long term. Long term planning requires more funding and impacts the environment.
- The systems approach to complex long term planning which involves analysis, engineering, and scientific decision making.
- Evaluating economic and environmental viability of alternatives through factors like benefits, costs, impacts.
- Challenges of transportation planning such as funding, coordination, and environmental concerns.
- Road network classification including national highways, feeder roads, urban and district roads.
- Strategic road network and local road network planning in Nepal.
Theory of structures I - STUDENT NOTE BOOK (Polytechnics Revision 2015)
This note is not fully verified. Scanned copy of Student note book. May be helpful for polytechnic students and teachers. Inshaa Allaah
Designing and drawing of flat slab with the help of i.s code
This document is a mini project report submitted by Sandeep Kumar to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The report describes designing and drawing a flat slab structure using the Indian Standard Code. It provides an introduction to flat slab construction, advantages of flat slabs like flexibility in design and reduced building height. It also discusses code regulations, design steps, and concludes with designing a flat slab according to the IS code.
Types of intersection of road and design parameters of road intersection
This document provides information about types of road intersections and design parameters. It discusses two main types of intersections: grade-separated intersections which use bridges or tunnels to separate opposing traffic, and at-grade intersections where traffic crosses at the same level. Several specific intersection designs are described such as diamond, cloverleaf, and roundabout. Key design parameters for pedestrians, bicyclists, vehicles, and traffic control are also outlined.
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E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall method
E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall method
Question and Answers on Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (usefulsearch.org)...
Question and Answers on Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (usefulsearch.org)...
Level of Service(LOS) of a road with Calculation Method
Level of Service(LOS) of a road with Calculation Method
Theory of structures I - STUDENT NOTE BOOK (Polytechnics Revision 2015)
Theory of structures I - STUDENT NOTE BOOK (Polytechnics Revision 2015)
Designing and drawing of flat slab with the help of i.s code
Designing and drawing of flat slab with the help of i.s code
Types of intersection of road and design parameters of road intersection
Types of intersection of road and design parameters of road intersection
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The document discusses units of measurement in the metric system including prefixes, base units for length, mass and capacity. It provides examples of converting between metric units of length, mass, capacity, area, volume and time. Key details include the prefixes used in the metric system (kilo, centi, milli, micro), base units (metre, gram, litre), and formulas for converting between units (multiplying or dividing by powers of ten).
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Civil engineering Unit Conversions
- 1. Copyright : mylearnings CIVIL ENGINEERING ALL UNIT CONVERSION TABLE All civil engineering unit conversions for Length, Area, Volume, Pressure and time at one place for easy reference. Length Unit Conversions • 1 cm=10 mm • 1 m= 100 cm • 1m =1000 mm • 1m =1.09 yard • 1m =3.28 feet • 1m =39.37 inch • 1km=1000 m • 1km=100000 cm • 1km=1000000 mm • 1km=0.62 mile • 1 km=1093.6 yard • 1km=3280.84 feet • 1km=39370 inch • 1 km=0.53 nautical mile Weight unit conversions • 1 gm=1000 mg • 1 kg=1000 g • 1 ton=907.1 kg • 1 tonne=1000 kg • 1 stone=6.35 kg • 1 stone=14 pounds Area unit conversions • 1 sq cm=100 sq mm • 1 sq m=10000 sq cm • 1 sq m=10.7 sq ft • 1 sq m=1.19 sq yard • 1 sq m=1550 sq inch • 1 acre=0.004 sq km • 1 acre=4046.8 sq m • 1 acre=0.0015 sq mile • 1 acre=4840 sq yard • 1 acre=43560 sq ft • 1 acre=0.4046 hectare • 1 ha=10000 sq m • 1 ha=0.01 sq km • 1 ha=10000 sq m • 1 ha=0.00386 sq mile • 1 ha=11959.9 sq yard
- 2. Copyright : mylearnings • 1 ha=107639 sq ft • 1 ha=2.47 acres Volume unit conversions • 1 cum=1000 lit • 1 cum=33814 fluid ounce • 1 cum=264 gallon • 1 cum=2113 pint • 1 cum=67628 table spoon • 1 cum=202884 tea spoon • 1 cum=220 imp gallon • 1 cum=1759.7 imperial pint • 1 cum=56312.1 imperial table spoon • 1 cum=168936 imperial tea spoon • 1 cum=35.314 cu ft • 1 cum=61023 cu inch • 1 lit=1000 ml • 1 lit=33.8 fluid ounce • 1 lit=0.264 gallon • 1 lit=2.11 pint • 1 lit=67.6 tablespoon • 1 lit=202.8 tea spoon • 1 lit=0.001 cum • 1 lit=0.219 Imperial gallon • 1 lit=1.76 Imperial pint • 1 lit=56.31 table spoon • 1 lit=168.93 Imperial tea spoon • 1 lit=0.035 cu ft • 1 lit=61.023 cu inch Time unit conversions • 1 min=60 sec • 1 hr=60 min • 1 day=24 hrs • 1 year=12 months • 1 day=86400 sec • 1 day=1440 min • 1 day=24 hrs • 1 month=30 days • 1 year=365 days • 1 year=8760 hrs • 1 year=525600 min Pressure unit conversions • 1 N/sqm=0.0001 lb/sq inch • 1 N/sqm=1 pa • 1 kn/sqm=0.001 N / sqmm