Liver cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by destruction and regeneration of liver tissue, resulting in fibrosis and scarring of the liver. It is often caused by long term alcohol abuse or viral hepatitis. Signs and symptoms may include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, swelling, weight loss, and jaundice. Nursing diagnoses for patients with cirrhosis include imbalanced nutrition, excess fluid volume, risk for impaired skin integrity, ineffective breathing patterns, and risk for injury. Nursing management focuses on pain management, positioning for comfort, education, and preventing complications such as jaundice and liver cancer.

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2. JAMSHORO COLLEGE OF NURSING
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3. SUBJECT: ADVANCED CONCEPT OF NURSING
TOPIC: CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER
PRESENTED BY:
ABUBAKAR BAHALKANI
FIRST YEAR/2ND SEMESTER
POST RN BSCN JCON
BATCH 2018-20
FACULTY:
MADAM SYEDA ALMAS AKHTAR
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4. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation the learners will be able to:
• Define cirrhosis of liver.
• Discuss about the pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis.
• Elaborate the sign and symptoms of liver cirrhosis.
• Describe risk factors and causes of liver cirrhosis.
• Learn about the complications and preventions of liver cirrhosis.
• Analyse the nursing diagnosis and nursing management.
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5. Liver cirrhosis
• The liver cirrhosis is also known
as hepatic cirrhosis,it is a chronic
hepatic disease characterized by
destruction and fibrotic regeneration of
hepatic cells.
• The liver damage done by cirrhosis
generally can't be undone. But if liver
cirrhosis is diagnosed early and the
cause is treated, further damage can be
limited and, rarely reversed.
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6. Pathophysiology
• Cirrhosis of the liver is a chronic
disease that causes cell destruction and
fibrosis(scarring) of hepatic tissues.
• Cirrhosis is a complication of liver
disease that involves loss of liver cells
and irreversible scarring of the liver.
• Alcohol and viral hepatitis B and C are
common causes of cirrhosis, although
there are many other causes.
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7. Signs and Symptoms
• Cirrhosis often has no signs or symptoms until liver damage is extensive.
When signs and symptoms do occur, they may include:
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Swelling in your legs, feet or ankles
• Weight loss
• Yellow discoloration in the skin and eyes
• Fluid accumulation in abdomen
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8. Risk factors and Causes
• Drinking too much alcohol.
• Having viral hepatitis.
• Being overweight.
• A wide range of diseases and conditions can damage the liver and lead to
cirrhosis.
• Chronic alcohol abuse
• Chronic viral hepatitis (hepatitis B, C and D)
• Fat accumulating in the liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)
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9. Nursing diagnosis of a patient with liver cirrhosis approved by NANDA
1.Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
2.Excess Fluid Volume
3.Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
4.Ineffective Breathing Pattern
5.Risk for Injury
6.Disturbed Body Image
7.Deficient Knowledge
8.Acute Pain
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10. Nursing Management
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENTIFIC RATIONAL
Assess the severity and onset of the pain. Provides data about the pain which can
be used as a guidance for analgesic
therapy.
Maintain the Position of comfort. Promote the comfort.
Encourage the use of relaxation
techniques.
Promotes rest and diverts attention.
Administer analgesics as ordered. Reduces pain and promotes rest.
Educate patient that medication will
prevent pain and restlessness.
Provides information about the need for
pain medications for patient's comfort. 10
Acute pain related to fluid accumulation in abdomen as evidenced by abdominal distention.

11. Complications and Preventions
• Jaundice.
• Increased risk of liver cancer.
• Reduce your risk of cirrhosis by taking following steps to care for your liver:
• Do not drink alcohol if you have cirrhosis.
• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Reduce your risk of hepatitis.
• Ask your doctor/nurse about hepatitis vaccinations.
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12. REFERENCES:
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• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cirrhosis/symptoms-causes/syc-
20351487
• https://www.mayoclinic.org › liver-cancer › symptoms-causes › syc-20353659
• https://nurseslabs.com/8-liver-cirrhosis-nursing-care-plans/

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