The document provides guidance for using an item bank to design a formative assessment. It recommends identifying learning targets and selecting aligned assessment items to gather evidence of student understanding. When administering the assessment formatively, students should self-check their work using an answer key and reflect on incorrect answers to determine if they made a mistake or lack understanding. Teachers should then use the assessment information to consider next instructional steps, such as grouping for re-teaching or providing alternative assignments for students who have mastered the material.