5. D/U Length of
hydrocarbon
chain
D/U Nature of
hydrocarbon
chain
Short chain FA
Saturated FA
Medium chain FA
Unsaturated FA
Long chain FA
D/U Total no of
carbon atoms
Branched chain FA
Very long chain FA
Hydroxy FA
Even chain FA
Odd chain FA
6. Most of the fatty acids that occur in natural
lipids are even carbons.
7. Seen in milk and microbial cell walls
Propionic acid
• 3 Carbon
Valeric acid
• 5 Carbon
25. Functions of EFA
1.Synthesis of Ecosanoids
2.Maintenance of structural
integrity of cells
3.Development of retina and brain
4.Antiatherogenic effect
27. EFA deficiency
The syndrome in humans characterized by
Horny eruptions on the posterior and lateral
parts of limbs, on the back and buttocks.
Phrynoderma
Dermatitis
Poor wound healing
Editor's Notes
1) fatty acids• The simplest with structural formula of R-COOH where R = hydrocarbon chain. • They differ from each other by the length of the tail, degree of unsaturation, and position of double bonds.
B. Essential Fatty AcidsAlthough most lipids required for cell structure, fuel storage, or hormone synthesiscan be synthesized from carbohydrates or proteins, we need a minimal level of cer-tain dietary lipids for optimal health. These lipids, known as essential fatty acids, arerequired in our diet because we cannot synthesize fatty acids with these particulararrangements of double bonds. The essential fatty acids -linoleic and -linolenicacid are supplied by dietary plant oils, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosa-hexaenoic acid (DHA) are supplied in fish oils. They are the precursors of theeicosanoids (a set of hormone-like molecules that are secreted by cells in small quan-tities and have numerous important effects on neighboring cells). The eicosanoidsinclude the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and other related compounds. C. Protein
