Chemistry 9th Class Chepter One.pptx
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This document provides an overview of chemistry for 9th class students. It discusses the fundamentals of chemistry, including the definition of chemistry as the study of matter and energy. It then outlines the main branches of chemistry: physical chemistry deals with physical properties and changes; organic chemistry focuses on carbon compounds; inorganic chemistry covers non-carbon compounds; and nuclear chemistry involves radioactivity and nuclear processes. The document also defines key chemistry concepts like matter, substances, mixtures, elements, compounds, and provides examples to illustrate these terms.
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This document provides an introduction to the fundamentals of chemistry. It defines chemistry as the branch of science studying matter, its composition, properties, and changes. It then discusses the key branches of chemistry and provides an overview of some basic chemical concepts including atoms, elements, molecules, and ions. Atoms are the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element. Elements are substances that cannot be broken down further by chemical means and are composed of only one type of atom. The document lays the groundwork for understanding more advanced chemical topics.
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- 1. CHEMISTRY FOR 9TH CLASS Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry
- 2. Chemistry is the study of matter and energy. The branch of science which deals with the composition, structure, properties and reactions of matter is called chemistry Chemistry
- 4. BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY 1- Physical Chemistry Physical Chemistry is defined as the branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship between the composition and physical properties of matter along with the changes in them
- 7. 2-Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry is the study of covalent compounds of carbon and hydrogen(hydrocarbons) and their derivatives
- 16. 3-Inorganic Chemistry Inorganic chemistry deals with the study of all elements and their compounds except those of compounds of carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons) and their derivatives
- 17. 4-Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the radioactivity, nuclear processes and properties
- 24. MATTER Matter is simply defined as anything that has mass and occupies space. Our bodies as well as all the things around us are examples of matter
- 30. Substance A piece of matter in pure form is termed as a substance Every substance has a fixed composition and specific properties or characteristics
- 31. Impure matter is called a mixture; which can be homogeneous or heterogeneous in its composition. Mixture
- 37. The properties those are associated with the physical state of the substance are called physical properties like Color, smell, taste, hardness, shape of crystal, solubility, melting or boiling points, etc.
- 40. ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES Elements Modern definition of element is that it is a substance made up of same type of atoms, having same atomic number and cannot be decomposed into simple substances by ordinary chemical means. It means that each element is made up of unique type of atoms that have very specific properties.
- 46. Where: A=N+Z And Z=A-N N= Number of Neutron in an Atom
- 47. Sodium Atom
- 48. Chlorine Atom
- 49. Oxidation State