- CBT focuses on identifying and disputing negative or irrational thoughts that contribute to depressive symptoms and low mood - Therapists help clients examine automatic thoughts, core beliefs, and cognitive distortions related to their depression - Clients learn to challenge unhelpful thoughts with more realistic and balanced perspectives through techniques like thought records and cognitive restructuring - Behavioral strategies are also used, like activity scheduling and exposure, to improve mood and combat avoidance of rewarding activities - The goal is to change patterns of thinking and behavior that maintain depression and build skills for coping with depressive episodes