This document summarizes the cultural histories and political influences of various regions. It discusses the colonialism and independence movements in Southeast Asia, focusing on the Philippines and Indonesia. It then covers the foundational cultures of China, including Confucianism and Daoism. It also discusses Japan's period of isolationism and the division of the Korean peninsula. Finally, it briefly outlines the ethnic diversity of Europe and the cultures of native and early European settlers in North America.

1. CULTURAL HISTORY AND
POLITICAL INFLUENCES

2. CONTENTS
No. Contents
1 Cultural History and Colonialism of Southeast Asia
 Philippines
 Indonesia
2 Cultural History and Political Influences of East Asia
 Foundation of Chinese Cultures
 Japanese Isolationism
 Korean Origin
3 Ethnicity and culture of Europe region
 United Kingdom
 France
 Germany
4 Regional culture of North America Countries
 Native Americans
 European Settlers

3. Cultural History
and
Colonialism of Southeast Asia

4. The Colonist
and
Independence
Philippines
Indonesia
Malaysia and
Singapore

5. Philippines
 During 1521 to 1945, the
Philippines was colonized
by the Spanish, the
Americans and was
occupied by other
countries as well.

6. 1521 Discovery
of Philippines by
Spanish
1565 Spanish
Colonization and
Dagami Revolt
1744-1829
Dagohoy Rebellion
1762 British
Occupation of
Manila and Cavite
1892-1897
Founding of the
Katipunan
1896-1897 The
Philippines
Revolution
1898 The
End of the
Spanish
Colonization
1898
Philippines
Independence
1899
Philippines-
American War
1899 Second
Battle of Manila
1902 End
of Philippines-
American War
1942-1945 The
Japanese
Occupation

7. Indonesia
In 1948, Indonesia was
given full independence
from their Dutch rulers.
The Dutch colonies in the
East Indies became
Indonesia.
Sukarno became the first
President of Indonesia.

8. 1670-1900
Dutch
colonists
bring the
whole of
Indonesia
under one
government
as Dutch East
Indies
1928 A youth
conference
pledges to
work for “one
nation, one
language, one
people”
1942 Japan
invades Dutch
East Indies
1945 The
Japanese
help
independence
leader
Sukarno
return from
internal exile
and declare
independence
1949 The
Dutch
recognize
Indonesian
independence
after 4 years
of guerilla
warfare
1950 Maluku
(Moluccas)
declares
independence
from
Indonesia and
fights an
unsuccessful
separatist war

9. Ethnic Variety
The people of Southeast Asia consist of diverse culture
due to Chinese expansion and the European colonial
powers.
Significant ethnic, religions and linguistics diversity
exist in Southeast Asia.

10. Cultural History
and
Political Influences of East Asia

11. Foundation of Chinese Cultures
Confucius
Confucius was China’s most
famous teacher, philosopher, and
political theorists.
His ideas have influenced the
civilization of East Asia.
Confucianism is described as a
belief that human beings are
fundamentally good, teachable,
improvable and self cultivation.
Daoism(Taoism)
An indigenous religion-
philosophical tradition that has
shaped Chinese life for more than
2,000 years.
Attitude towards life can be seen in
the accepting and yielding.
Also characterized by a positive,
active attitude toward
metaphysical.

12. Confucius

13. Japan Isolationism
 Implemented by Tokugawa Iemitsu
 Closed Japan to all foreigners and prevented Japanese from
leaving.
 Ending a century of promising contract commercial contract
with China, Southeast Asia and Europe.
 Feared the subversive potential of Christianity

14. Korean Origin
From
1910 until
the end of
World War
Two,
Korean
Peninsula
was
Japanese
Territory.
With
Japan’s
defeat,
America
and the
Soviet
Union took
control.
An
agreemen
t reached,
the
Korean
Peninsula
split into
two.
North
became
The
Democratic
People’s
Republic of
Korea and
adopted
communist
ideology.
South
adopted
American-
style
democrac
y and
became
the
Republic
of Korea.
Korean
War
begun
No side
could
claim
victory
and the
border
remained.

15. Cultural Differences
North Korean South Korean
Direct Indirect
Strict sense of collective Strong sense of team and
collective, bur
individuality is
permissible.

16. Ethnicity and culture of
Europe region

17. Immigrant workforces
■ World War II destroyed many western European
cities and many young men had been killed.
■ European needed workers thus increase in
immigrant workforces.
■ The United Kingdom, France and Germany have
the largest numbers of immigrant.

18. United Kingdom

19. France

20. Germany

21. Regional culture
of
North America Countries

22. Native American
• Arctic/ Subarctic (coldest):Inuit
people of Alaska
• Californian
• Great Basin
• Great Plains: nomadic tribe lives
in teepees
• Northeast Woodlands
• Northwest Coast/Plateau: houses
made of cedar planks
• Southeast: the Cherokee(largest
Native American tribe)
• Southwest(dry): the Apache whose
home made of adobe bricks

23. Native Americans

24. The First European Settlers in NorthAmerica
Country Name of Settlement Present-Day Location Year First Settled
Spain St. Augustine Florida 1565
England Jamestown Virginia 1607
France Quebec Canada 1608
Holland New Amsterdam New York 1624
Sweden New Sweden New Jersey 1638

25. NORDIANA SHARAFINA BT ABU BAKAR
NUREMYLIA BINTI SANI
SITI NURFARHANA BT AB RAZAK
LECTURER’S NAME:MOHD NORULHISYAM BIN HASSAN