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Chapter 4 presentation
The document summarizes the history of ancient Egypt and Nubia from around 2080 BCE to 350 CE. It describes how Egypt was conquered by the Hyksos around 1640 BCE but the Egyptians later overthrew them and established the powerful New Kingdom. It discusses the rule of pharaohs like Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, and Ramesses II. It also describes how Nubia was eventually conquered by Egypt and how some Nubian monarchs and nobles moved to Egypt and adopted Egyptian culture. It mentions how the Kushite kingdom briefly conquered Egypt in 751 BCE before being driven out by the Assyrians. Finally, it provides details on the powerful K
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Chapter 4 presentation
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- 3. Hyksos conquer Egypt •New chariot technology easily defeated Egyptians. • Hyksos rule from 1640-1570 B.C.E.
- 4. The New Kingdom1570-1075 B.C.E. • Egyptians overthrew Hyksos • Expanded Egyptian Empire • Hatshepsut; female pharaoh
- 5. • Thutmose III conqueredmore land, including part of Nubia • Ramses II, great pharaoh, – Made peace with Hittites – Great buildings – 99, 150 Egypt reaches its peak
- 6. Egypt in decline •Attacked by “People of the Sea” (Philistines?) • Large empire split into many small kingdoms • Libyans conquer Egypt
- 7. Nubia • Ancient civilization southof Egypt • Traded with Egyptians • Eventually conquered by Egypt
- 8. Nubians become Egyptized •Nubian monarchs and nobles moved to Egypt • Studied Egyptian language & religion • “Guardians of Egyptian values” Amenemhat III, (1797 BCE) King Taharqa, (664 BCE)
- 9. Kush (briefly) conquersEgypt • 751 B.C.E., Kush King Piankhi overthrew Libyan dynasty then ruling Egypt. • 671 B.C.E., Assyrians conquer Egypt, force Kushites to retreat
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- 11. Meroë • Capital ofKushite Kingdom • Grew wealthy & strong using the Nile to trade • 250 B.C.E. to 350 C.E.
- 12. Homework: • Read pages83-87 • Answer question 4 • Answer should be at least a paragraph, and address all 3 “Think About” topics
- 13. Empire # 2:Assyria
- 14. The Assyrian Empire;850 B.C.E – 612 B.C.E.
- 15. Assyria means War!Assyriameans War! • Assyrian society glorified militaryAssyrian society glorified military strengthstrength • The Assyrians created an empireThe Assyrians created an empire using only military conquest &using only military conquest & forceforce • Question: Why?Question: Why? • Answer: GeographyAnswer: Geography
- 16. • The Assyriansoriginally lived on a flat plain that was constantly being invaded • Their geography forced them to fight
- 18. Empire • Using their awesome military might,the Assyrians conquered all of the fertile crescent, Egypt, and Anatolia (Turkey)
- 19. Reasons for Assyrianconquest • 1) Military Technology – Strong armor – Best weapons – Siege weapons (tunnels & ladders) – Long-range bows
- 20. • 2) MilitaryOrganization – Planning & skill used in sieges – Terror Tactics: killed all survivors (beheading), some were sold into slavery
- 21. • 3) Strong, centralized Leadership –Kingsand Governors had complete control over conquered areas. Check yourself fool!
- 22. Assyrian Culture • Focusedon war & feats of bravery, e.g. the lion hunt • Cuneiform based writing system
- 24. Nineveh • Assyrian capitalcity (Mosul) • Built by King Sennacherib • Largest city of its time • Giant library
- 25. The End ofAssyria • Why did Assyria fall? – 1: Assyrian Empire got too big to control – 2: Brutal conquests created many enemies – 3: Weak leaders
- 26. The Conquerors becamethe conquered • Army of Medes & Chaldeans conquered Assyrian empire • Burnt Nineveh to the ground Celebrate! Please join the Fertile Crescent in celebrating the end of the Assyrian Empire!
- 27. Chaldean King Nebuchadnezzarrebuilds Tour the City Amazing hanging gardens! Built for the King’s wife. One of the wonders of the ancient world. 300 foot high Ziggurat. Temple just like the old days of ancient Sumer Editorial: New phonetic alphabet is an abomination! Letters that stand for sounds instead of ideas? Preposterous! Shall we all stand around sounding words out instead of instantly recognizing a symbol as an idea. I don’t care for these new-fangled ways, as a people we must return to the good and pure ideas of old. Those ideas are enshrined in our pictograms. Without them, we as a society would fall apart, chattering and inventing strange new words until each one of us had his very own language… The Tower of Babel returns! Beware citizens! Babylon born again! Ancient capital of Sumer revitalized - Since 600 B.C.E
- 28. Assyrian Military Power Causes ofIncreasing Power 1. 2. 3. Causes of Declining Power 1. 2. 3.