The document discusses workers' participation in management. It describes various forms of participation including sharing information, joint consultation, and involving workers in decision making. It also outlines the government's policies towards participation in India, including works committees, joint management councils, and worker directors. However, many participation schemes have failed due to lack of commitment from both management and workers. For participation to be effective, both groups must be willing to invest time and have the right attitudes.

1. PARTICIPATION AND EMPOWERMENT Chapter EXCEL BOOKS 24-1 24

2. ANNOTATED OUTLINE 24-2 INTRODUCTION Participation has a unique motivational power and a great psychological value. It promotes harmony and peace between workers and management. Workers’ participation in management aims at improving the quality of working life and thereby secure cooperation and commitment from workers. Participation And Empowerment

6. 24-6 Joint Management Councils 1958 Objectives Promote cordial industrial relations Improve operational efficiency of workers Provide welfare facilities to workers Educate and prepare workers for meaningful participation in organisational matters Criteria for setting up JMCs The unit must have 500 or more workers It should have a fair record of industrial relations It should have a well organised trade union, affiliated to one of the central federations. Both management and workers should agree to the setting up of such a unit Evaluation Failed to make much headway due to unenthusiastic response from unions and workers Management, on the other hand, was mentally reluctant to share ideas and power with workers in a meaningful manner. Participation And Empowerment

17. 24-17 B. Quality Of Working Life Participation And Empowerment It is the degree to which members of a work organisation are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in the organisation. Alternative Approaches To Participation