The Holocaust refers to the Nazi campaign during World War II to exterminate the Jewish population in Europe, nearly 6 million Jews were killed along with others deemed inferior. Once in power in Germany, the Nazis swiftly implemented anti-Semitic policies outlined by Hitler including the Nuremberg Laws which stripped Jews of their rights and freedoms. Pogroms like Kristallnacht targeted Jewish communities and synagogues, forcing many Jews to flee but few countries would accept the Jewish refugees escaping Nazi persecution. The Nazis would ultimately implement the "Final Solution" using concentration and extermination camps to systematically murder millions of Jews and others in a genocide.