Ultranationalism can turn into ultranationalism through blaming other groups for national failures, vilifying them as profiting from problems or working with enemies, dehumanizing them through racial theories, and isolating them physically and socially. The Nazi regime used these steps against Jewish people in Germany and occupied territories. They imposed laws restricting Jewish rights, isolated people in ghettos where starvation and disease killed many, then deported survivors to concentration and death camps where mistreatment and murder eliminated most of the remaining Jewish population in Europe. Over 6 million Jewish people were killed during the Holocaust.

1. Ultranationalism
• How does nationalism turn into
ultranationalism?
• What is one of the results of
ultranationalism (in relation to other
groups)?
• Japan: A Case Study

2. Crisis
• Remember WW1, why did Germany lose?
• For the Interwar period, why was Germany
facing tough times economically?

3. How do you turn
• This
• Into this

4. Why the Jewish People?
• They are God’s
chosen people
• They killed the
Christian deity
• They use the blood
of Christian and
Muslims in their
Passover bread.

5. Why the Jewish People?
• Fabricated document
possibly by a Russian
Secret Police officer
claiming to be real
• Henry Ford believed in its
contents, printing 500K
copies
• Proven definitively fake
(and copied) in 1921
• it is still distributed and
believed by people today (a
site that purports it as true
is the 2nd Google result)
To what extent the whole
existence of this people is based
on a continuous lie is shown
incomparably by the Protocols of
the Wise Men of Zion, so
infinitely hated by the Jews. They
are based on a forgery, the
Frankfurter Zeitung moans and
screams once every week: the
best proof that they are
authentic. [...] the important thing
is that with positively terrifying
certainty they reveal the nature
and activity of the Jewish people
and expose their inner contexts
as well as their ultimate final
aims.

6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0V_xf3OQgM
The Eternal Jew
"His is no master people; he is an
exploiter: the Jews are a people of
robbers. He has never founded any
civilisation, though he has destroyed
civilisations by the hundred...everything
he has stolen. Foreign people, foreign
workmen build him his temples, it is
foreigners who create and work for
him, it is foreigners who shed their
blood for him."
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pla
yer_embedded&v=yNk_osZWScw

7. Ultranationalism: The fear of the
other
• Why would ultranationalism breed
hate/racism?
• How could you turn an entire group of
people into racists?

8. Step 1: Blame
• Reason Germany
lost WW1
• Were behind the
Treaty of Versailles
• They profited off of
the Great
Depression

9. Step 2: Vilify
• They are profiting
from World War 2
• They are working
with the enemy
• They will cause
Germany to lose
WW2

10. Step 3: Dehumanization
• Racial theories
combine with
Darwin (Social
Darwinism)
• Called “vermin”,
“rats”, “subhuman”,
“jewpig”, “jewsow”

11. Step 4: Isolation
Various regulations restricting professions and
business ownership.
Nuremberg Laws:
• Marriages and sex between Jews and “citizens” outlawed
• Jews are forbidden to display national symbols
• Punished with hard labour or imprisonment
Later, Jewish people were barred from all schools, universities,
cinemas, theatres and sports facilities.

12. Step 4: Isolation
Nuremberg Laws:
• The only way to deal with the problem which remains open is
that of legislative action. The German Government is in this
controlled by the thought that through a single secular
solution it may be possible still to create a level ground on
which the German people may find a tolerable relation
towards the Jewish people. Should this hope not be fulfilled
and the Jewish agitation both within Germany and in the
international sphere should continue, then the position must
be examined afresh.
• The third [law] is an attempt to regulate by law [the Jewish]
problem, which, should this attempt fail, must then be
handed over by law to the National-Socialist Party for a final
solution.

13. The Ghettos
• Isolation becomes physical:
– A holding place until Jewish people are
deported of out Europe
– Run by Jewish Councils, the Germans
mandated that they:
• Confiscate goods
• Organize forced labour groups
• Facilitate deportations to
extermination camps

14. Life in the Ghetto
Warsaw was the
largest in Europe:
380,000 people
Though the Warsaw Ghetto
contained 30% of the population of
the Polish capital, it occupied only
2.4% of the city's area, averaging 9.2
people per room

15. Life in the Ghetto

16. Life in the Ghetto
Between 1940 and 1942, starvation and
disease, especially typhoid, killed hundreds
of thousands. Over 43,000 residents of the
Warsaw ghetto died there in 1941 more
than one in ten; in Theresienstadt, more
than half the residents died in 1942
The Germans came, the police, and
they started banging houses:
"Raus, raus, raus, Juden raus." ...
[O]ne baby started to cry ... The other
baby started crying. So the mother
urinated in her hand and gave the baby
a drink to keep quiet ... [When the
police had gone], I told the mothers to
come out. And one baby was dead ...
from fear, the mother [had] choked her
own baby.

17. Deportation

18. Concentration Camps

19. Concentration Camps
• Used as early as 1933 to eliminate Nazi
political opponents
• By 1938 they expand into forced labour
camps for the elderly, mentally ill and
handicapped
• Two largest groups of prisoners during
WWII are Jews and Soviet POWs

20. Conditions in the Camps
• Causes of death include
mistreatment, disease, starvation, overwork
and execution (if they are considered unfit for
labour)
• Prisoners used for medical experiments
• Gas chambers used at death camps, as well
as shooting, starvation and torture

21. Over the course of
WWII there were
approximately 2000
camps established
in Poland

22. Treblinka
The putrid odor of decaying human remains could be smelled up to 10 kilometres
(6.2Almost a million the nearby village of Treblinka. It was evidentmonths. The
miles) away at people were executed over the course of 15 that large-scale
killings were happening nearby,end of the war and a farmhouse built on it On
camp was dismantled at the which caused panic among the villagers. in an
incoming Holocaust attempt to hide the evidencethe genocide
trains to Treblinka, many of of soon-to-be-murdered Jews
locked inside correctly guessed what would happen to them based on the stench

23. Auschwitz
• Auschwitz is the most well-known
concentration camp of the war because of
its size and because it was the site for the
biggest mass murder in human history

24. Estimated Number of People
Murdered at Auschwitz……

25. 1,100,000

26. 9,000,000 Jewish people lived in Europe at
the start of WW2
Approximately 6,000,000 were killed in the
Holocaust