This document discusses key concepts related to Newton's second and third laws of motion including: - Mass and how it relates to the force required to accelerate an object. - That greater force leads to greater acceleration and greater mass requires more force for the same acceleration. - Balanced and unbalanced forces and how they relate to acceleration and movement. - Momentum and how it measures how difficult it is to stop an object. - Newton's first law of motion stating objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion.

1. mass acceleration/force acceleration/mass balanced forces unbalanced forces momentum action reaction work simple machines lever fulcrum effort arm resistance arm pulley wheel and axle ramp inclined plane wedge screw Chapter 14, Lesson 2Newton’s Second and Third Laws of Motion

2. mass – A measure of the amount of matter in an object. The mass of an object is related to the force required to accelerate it.

3. acceleration/force – the more force you apply, the greater the acceleration Click on the picture for some great questions about acceleration and force!

4. acceleration/mass – the greater the mass, the more force necessary to get an object to accelerate Click on the picture!

5. balanced forces – when all the forces on an object cancel each other out, you have balanced forces – no acceleration, no momentum Click on the picture for some great questions about balanced and unbalanced forces.

6. unbalanced forces – when forces don’t cancel each other out, there is movement. This is a result of unbalanced forces. Click on the picture for some information about unbalanced forces. Click on the picture for some information about kinds of forces.

7. momentum – momentum measures how difficult it will be to stop an object Click on the picture for some information about momentum.

8. Newton’s First Law of Motion – “An object at rest tends to stay at rest; an object in motion tends to stay in motion.”

9. velocity – the speed of a moving object taken together with its direction of travel

10. acceleration – a change in velocity

11. acceleration – a change in velocity

12. deceleration – when a force causes the speed of an object to decrease

13. incline – a ramp/slope

14. pendulum – something hanging from a fixed point that swings due to gravity and then out due to inertia Click on the picture below to check out a link on pendulums

15. gravity – something hanging from a fixed point that swings due to gravity and then out due to inertia Click on the picture below to check out a link on gravity.