Five key activities contribute to effective change management: 1) motivating change, 2) creating a vision of change, 3) developing political support, 4) managing the transition of change, and 5) sustaining momentum. Resistance to change can come from individuals, due to habits, selective information processing, economic factors like job security, and fear of the unknown, or from organizations, through threats to established power relationships, group inertia, and structural inertia. Effective change management requires enabling culture, leadership capacity, individual and team capacity, and change architecture, communication, and performance management.