At the end of the session, the students shall be able to
Describe the HIV AIDS introduction, epidemiology of HIV AIDS, diagnosis of HIV AIDS, treatment of HIV AIDS and prevention control of HIV AIDS.
At the end of the session, the students shall be able to
Describe the HIV AIDS introduction, epidemiology of HIV AIDS, diagnosis of HIV AIDS, treatment of HIV AIDS and prevention control of HIV AIDS.
World AIDS Day
World AIDS Day is held on 1 December each year. It raises awareness across the world and in the community about the issues surrounding HIV and AIDS. It is a day for people to show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate people who have died.
Fast-track the end of AIDS in the EU - practical evidence-based interventions.
Presentation by: Annette Verster, WHO
In a two-day meeting under the auspices of the Maltese Presidency of the Council of the European Union (30-31 January 2017), HIV experts from across the European Union discussed how to reverse this trend and how to prepare Europe to achieve the set target of ending AIDS by 2030.
NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME(NACP) PPT BY KRITIKA.pptxKritikaDhawan9
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic , potentially life, threating condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), a human retrovirus . By, damaging your immune system , HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight infection and disease.
HIV uses the machinery of the CD4 cells to multiply and spread throughout the body .
This slide discusses about epidimiology of HIV its National and international response HIV:- Human Immuno deficiency Virus (retro-virus)
HIV attacks body immune system and reduces the count of CD4 cells (T cells) in human body making the person more likely to get life-threating opportunistic infections.
AIDS:- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is a set of symptoms and illness which develops at the final stage of HIV infection.
There is currently no effective cure for HIV. Once people get HIV, they have it for life. But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled and who get effective treatment can live long, healthy lives and protect their partners.
As far back as the late 1800s, HIV may have spread from chimpanzees to humans.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a lentivirus (genus of retrovirus) that infect more than 36 different nonhuman primate species in sub-Saharan Africa.
In June 1981, the first cases of AIDS reported from Los Angeles in five homosexual men.
In Nepal first case detected in 1988.
In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information. Relevant items of information include a person's actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, values, and things in the environment.
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World AIDS Day
World AIDS Day is held on 1 December each year. It raises awareness across the world and in the community about the issues surrounding HIV and AIDS. It is a day for people to show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate people who have died.
Fast-track the end of AIDS in the EU - practical evidence-based interventions.
Presentation by: Annette Verster, WHO
In a two-day meeting under the auspices of the Maltese Presidency of the Council of the European Union (30-31 January 2017), HIV experts from across the European Union discussed how to reverse this trend and how to prepare Europe to achieve the set target of ending AIDS by 2030.
NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME(NACP) PPT BY KRITIKA.pptxKritikaDhawan9
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic , potentially life, threating condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), a human retrovirus . By, damaging your immune system , HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight infection and disease.
HIV uses the machinery of the CD4 cells to multiply and spread throughout the body .
This slide discusses about epidimiology of HIV its National and international response HIV:- Human Immuno deficiency Virus (retro-virus)
HIV attacks body immune system and reduces the count of CD4 cells (T cells) in human body making the person more likely to get life-threating opportunistic infections.
AIDS:- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is a set of symptoms and illness which develops at the final stage of HIV infection.
There is currently no effective cure for HIV. Once people get HIV, they have it for life. But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled and who get effective treatment can live long, healthy lives and protect their partners.
As far back as the late 1800s, HIV may have spread from chimpanzees to humans.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a lentivirus (genus of retrovirus) that infect more than 36 different nonhuman primate species in sub-Saharan Africa.
In June 1981, the first cases of AIDS reported from Los Angeles in five homosexual men.
In Nepal first case detected in 1988.
In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information. Relevant items of information include a person's actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, values, and things in the environment.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
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Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
3. Introduction
June 1981 first Case of AIDS.
past 40 years, 77.3 million HIV
infections
40.1 million [33.6–48.6 million]
Deaths
In 2017:-
< 1 million died of AIDS-related
causes
about 1.8 million acquired.
In 2020 :-
estimated 1.5 million (UI 1.0 to 2.0
million) people acquired HIV
people living with HIV globally to
37.7 million (UI 30.2 to 45.1 million
Currently, for every two people who
go on treatment for HIV and AIDS,
five People become infected.
4.
5. Incubation Period
• The interval from HIV infection to the
diagnosis of AIDS ranges from about 9 months
to 20 years or longer, with a median of 12
years.
6. Failure to implement the strategy
Diagnosis:- 87% in
the Netherlands to 11% in
Yemen
Treatment coverage:- ranged
from 71% in Switzerland to 3%
in Afghanistan
Viral suppression:- 68% in
Switzerland and 7% in China.
7. Awareness of getting infection
• Nearly one in eight
(approx. 4.8 million people) do
not know they are infected.
Because many new infections
are transmitted by people who
do not know they are infected,
undiagnosed infection remains
a significant factor fueling the
HIV epidemic.
8. Fear for Testing
• fear and misperceptions can still
keep people from finding out
their HIV status:
• Many people do not believe they
are at risk for HIV infection.
• misunderstand the testing
process,
• concerned that other people will
find out that they sought testing
at all
• avoid testing simply because they
are afraid their test will be
positive.
• Misconception of getting HIV at
diagnostic center
9. Not Receiving Ongoing Treatment
• treatment coverage ranged
from 71% in Switzerland to
3% in Afghanistan.
• Expensive treatment,
• Lack of social support
• personal capacity to
adhere,
• depression,
• disruptions in daily routine,
• substance use,
• Due to insufficient supply
of antiretroviral therapy or
ART
10. High community rates of HIV
• African Americans and Latinos are at increased
risk of being exposed to HIV infection with each
sexual encounter.
• MSM
• Bisexual male
• More than one sexual partner
• Unprotected sex
• Sex workers
• IV Drug abusers
• Reuse of needles
11. Low socioeconomic status
• food insufficiency
• Unaffordable ART
• Unsafe sex
• unable to access HIV services
12. Limited Resources for HIV Prevention
• Inadequate funds
• Less volunteers for spreading awareness
• Lack of importance from govt. in many countries
• Lack of diagnostic kits
• Insufficient AIDS center
• Insufficient production of contraceptive items
• Lack of injecting materials
• High prices of treatment
13. Complacent about HIV
• U.S. President Donald
Trump's proposed
reduction in investment
in groundbreaking
organizations fighting
AIDS such as PEPFAR,
• Trump also reportedly
closed down the White
House's Office of National
AIDS Policy in January
2017
• Many don’t consider AIDS
as a disease
15. Conclusion
• First and foremost is failure to implement of the
strategy so we need to focus on the new
methods to achieve goals.
• Govt. should consider HIV/AIDS a major
problem.
• Spread awareness so more and more people get
to know about HIV/AIDS and its complications.
• Then we need to raise funds for HIV/AIDS
programs and centers to control spread and treat
infected.
• Scaling up production of preventive tools.
16. References
• Barriers and facilitators of access to HIV prevention, care, and treatment services among people living with HIV in Kerman,
Iran: a qualitative study Zahra Jaafari1, Willi McFarland2, Sana Eybpoosh3, Seyed Vahid Ahmadi Tabatabaei4, Mehdi Shafiei
Bafti5, Ebrahim Ranjbar6 and Hamid Sharifi1*
• World health statistics 2020: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2020. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
• World health statistics 2022: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
• World health statistics 2019: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2019. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
• n Global health sector strategies on, respectively, HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022-
2030. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
• Lucie Seyler, BMBCh, DTM&H,Department of Internal Medicine andInfectious Diseases, HIV ReferenceCenter, UZ Brussel,
Laarbeeklaan 101,1090 Brussels, Belgium,phone: +32 2 477 6001,email: lucie.seyler@uzbrussel.beReceived: October 15,
2018.Accepted: October 16, 2018.Published online: October 31, 2018.Conflict of interest: LS, PL, andSDA have participated
in advisoryboards for Gilead, Janssens, MSD,and ViiV Healthcare.Pol Arch Intern Med. 2018;128 (10): 609-
616doi:10.20452/pamw.4357Copyright by Medycyna Praktyczna,Kraków 2018
• Jaafari et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) 22:1097 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08483-4
• Prof Michael H Merson,Duke Global Health Institute,Box 90519, Duke University,Durham, NC 27708, USA
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2021.106402
• https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/features/progress-challenges-in-tackling-pediatric-hivaids/