This document provides information on why immigrants came to the US, immigration trends between 1870-1920, the growth of cities, problems in cities, and the Progressive Era. Key points include:
- Between 1870-1920, 20 million Europeans and over 500,000 Chinese/Japanese immigrated to the US, largely due to opportunities, family, and factors pushing/pulling them from their home countries.
- Half of all immigrants settled in cities, contributing to rapid urban growth and overcrowding. Cities struggled with issues like disease, pollution, and crime due to inadequate infrastructure and housing.
- The Progressive Era saw reforms aimed at social welfare, morality, economic issues, and efficiency through government regulation, activism, and amendments
The document provides an overview of immigration, segregation, and the Progressive Era between 1870-1920. It discusses how 20 million Europeans immigrated to the US during this period, with half a million Chinese and Japanese also immigrating to the west coast. This led to anti-immigrant sentiments. Cities grew rapidly due to the influx of immigrants and African Americans seeking jobs and opportunities. The Progressive movement aimed to address issues like corruption, unsafe working conditions, and inequality through reforms to protect social welfare, promote moral values, create economic reforms, and foster efficiency. Notable progressive presidents like Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson passed regulations to curb monopolies and empower workers and consumers.
Between 1870 and 1920, 20 million Europeans immigrated to the United States, with half a million Chinese and Japanese also immigrating to the West Coast. This massive wave of immigration, combined with the movement of farmers and African Americans to cities, led cities to grow rapidly but also experience overcrowding, disease, and other problems. During this era known as the Progressive Era or Gilded Age, reformers sought to address these issues through efforts to protect social welfare, promote moral reform, create economic reforms like child labor laws and regulation of railroads, and foster government efficiency. Some of the most prominent reformers of this time included Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and activists and journalists known as "muckrakers" who
The Progressive Movement in the early 20th century aimed to return control of the government to the people and correct injustices. Progressives sought to (1) protect social welfare through reforms like prohibition, (2) promote moral improvement, (3) create economic reforms addressing issues like monopolies and wealth inequality, and (4) foster government efficiency. Notable Progressive era presidents included Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and the early presidency of Woodrow Wilson, though World War I brought Progressivism's heyday to a close.
Political machines like Tammany Hall provided social services and jobs to immigrants in cities in exchange for votes, leading to corruption. Boss Tweed and the "Tweed Ring" controlled Tammany Hall and embezzled millions, leading to reforms like the Pendleton Civil Service Act to establish merit-based government hiring. Most late 1800s/early 1900s presidents pushed reforms, with the exceptions of Grant and Taft who maintained the status quo.
The document provides an overview of key topics related to the Progressive Era in the United States, including:
- The goals of Progressivism such as protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering efficiency.
- Key accomplishments and policies of presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft, including trust busting, conservation efforts, and labor reforms.
- The women's suffrage movement and the passing of the 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote.
- The impact of muckrakers and temperance groups in bringing about reforms during the Progressive Era.
This document summarizes a chapter on progress and poverty from the 1990s. It covers divergent economic and social realities for African Americans, conservative policies under Reagan that impacted civil rights, and growth in black artistic and political representation. Global issues like the end of apartheid in South Africa and Bill Clinton's presidency focusing on racial reconciliation are also addressed.
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, cities in the United States grew rapidly due to large numbers of immigrants and migrants from rural areas. This caused overcrowding and poor living conditions in cities. Problems included cramped housing known as tenements, lack of transportation and sanitation infrastructure, disease outbreaks, high crime rates, and poverty. In response, cities implemented reforms such as building codes, water treatment, garbage collection systems, police forces, and firefighters. Labor unions also advocated for workers' rights to address low wages and long hours. Corruption was widespread in political machines that controlled many city governments; civil service reforms in the 1880s aimed to establish merit-based hiring in the public sector.
The document discusses various barriers to civil rights for African Americans in the United States up until 1941, including legal impediments like Jim Crow laws, a lack of political influence due to black disenfranchisement, and violent activities by the Ku Klux Klan aimed at intimidating and terrorizing the black community. Legal segregation and the Supreme Court's endorsement of the "separate but equal" doctrine in Plessy v. Ferguson cemented racial discrimination into law. Widespread voter suppression tactics prevented most black Americans from participating in the political process.
The document provides an overview of immigration, segregation, and the Progressive Era between 1870-1920. It discusses how 20 million Europeans immigrated to the US during this period, with half a million Chinese and Japanese also immigrating to the west coast. This led to anti-immigrant sentiments. Cities grew rapidly due to the influx of immigrants and African Americans seeking jobs and opportunities. The Progressive movement aimed to address issues like corruption, unsafe working conditions, and inequality through reforms to protect social welfare, promote moral values, create economic reforms, and foster efficiency. Notable progressive presidents like Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson passed regulations to curb monopolies and empower workers and consumers.
Between 1870 and 1920, 20 million Europeans immigrated to the United States, with half a million Chinese and Japanese also immigrating to the West Coast. This massive wave of immigration, combined with the movement of farmers and African Americans to cities, led cities to grow rapidly but also experience overcrowding, disease, and other problems. During this era known as the Progressive Era or Gilded Age, reformers sought to address these issues through efforts to protect social welfare, promote moral reform, create economic reforms like child labor laws and regulation of railroads, and foster government efficiency. Some of the most prominent reformers of this time included Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and activists and journalists known as "muckrakers" who
The Progressive Movement in the early 20th century aimed to return control of the government to the people and correct injustices. Progressives sought to (1) protect social welfare through reforms like prohibition, (2) promote moral improvement, (3) create economic reforms addressing issues like monopolies and wealth inequality, and (4) foster government efficiency. Notable Progressive era presidents included Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and the early presidency of Woodrow Wilson, though World War I brought Progressivism's heyday to a close.
Political machines like Tammany Hall provided social services and jobs to immigrants in cities in exchange for votes, leading to corruption. Boss Tweed and the "Tweed Ring" controlled Tammany Hall and embezzled millions, leading to reforms like the Pendleton Civil Service Act to establish merit-based government hiring. Most late 1800s/early 1900s presidents pushed reforms, with the exceptions of Grant and Taft who maintained the status quo.
The document provides an overview of key topics related to the Progressive Era in the United States, including:
- The goals of Progressivism such as protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering efficiency.
- Key accomplishments and policies of presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft, including trust busting, conservation efforts, and labor reforms.
- The women's suffrage movement and the passing of the 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote.
- The impact of muckrakers and temperance groups in bringing about reforms during the Progressive Era.
This document summarizes a chapter on progress and poverty from the 1990s. It covers divergent economic and social realities for African Americans, conservative policies under Reagan that impacted civil rights, and growth in black artistic and political representation. Global issues like the end of apartheid in South Africa and Bill Clinton's presidency focusing on racial reconciliation are also addressed.
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, cities in the United States grew rapidly due to large numbers of immigrants and migrants from rural areas. This caused overcrowding and poor living conditions in cities. Problems included cramped housing known as tenements, lack of transportation and sanitation infrastructure, disease outbreaks, high crime rates, and poverty. In response, cities implemented reforms such as building codes, water treatment, garbage collection systems, police forces, and firefighters. Labor unions also advocated for workers' rights to address low wages and long hours. Corruption was widespread in political machines that controlled many city governments; civil service reforms in the 1880s aimed to establish merit-based hiring in the public sector.
The document discusses various barriers to civil rights for African Americans in the United States up until 1941, including legal impediments like Jim Crow laws, a lack of political influence due to black disenfranchisement, and violent activities by the Ku Klux Klan aimed at intimidating and terrorizing the black community. Legal segregation and the Supreme Court's endorsement of the "separate but equal" doctrine in Plessy v. Ferguson cemented racial discrimination into law. Widespread voter suppression tactics prevented most black Americans from participating in the political process.
The Civil Rights Movement met some needs of black Americans by ending segregation and securing key legislation, but ultimately failed to achieve full social, economic, and political equality. While groups like the NAACP and CORE successfully challenged segregation laws, and leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. gained important victories, discrimination and inequality persisted. Federal policies provided some support but did little to change racist attitudes. Social and economic conditions remained unequal, as evidenced by northern riots and the Kerner Commission report. As a result, more radical black movements emerged calling for alternative approaches to address the ongoing needs and grievances of black communities.
In the 1920s, Americans began to change their historically open attitude towards immigration. This was due to growing isolationism after World War I, as Americans wanted to avoid foreign entanglements. There was also fear of revolution following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and prejudice against new southern and eastern European immigrants, as old Anglo-Saxon immigrants viewed the new immigrants as threatening traditional American values and jobs. The economic difficulties of the postwar period also led Americans to view immigrants as scapegoats for issues like unemployment and declining wages. As a result, the once open door to immigration in the U.S. began to close in the 1920s.
Millions of immigrants came to the US in the late 19th-early 20th centuries for opportunities and to escape hardships. They faced difficult journeys and adjustment to urban life with problems like overcrowded housing and unsanitary conditions. Political machines formed in cities and gained power by providing services to immigrants and poor in exchange for votes, though some engaged in corruption. Reforms sought to reduce patronage and implement merit-based civil service amid concerns over graft. Business interests also grew politically through campaign donations and influencing tariff policies.
The document discusses several key barriers to civil rights for Black Americans up to 1941, including legal impediments, lack of political influence, and the activities of the Ku Klux Klan. Legally, the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision upheld racial segregation. Politically, Southern states used measures like poll taxes and literacy tests to prevent most Black Americans from voting. Meanwhile, the resurgent Ku Klux Klan used intimidation and violence to oppress Black communities and deter civil rights efforts.
The Industrial Revolution took off in the late 1800s due to several key factors: new inventions like the Bessemer process for steel production, growing cities and markets, abundant natural resources, and government policies that supported businesses. Railroads connected these growing cities and markets, spurring further industrialization. Some businessmen like Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Vanderbilt amassed huge fortunes and monopolies in industries like steel, oil, and railroads. Labor unions struggled against monopolistic practices and dangerous working conditions, using strikes, but often faced violent opposition from private militias and government forces. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 aimed to regulate monopolies and trusts.
This document discusses political machines and corruption in government during the late 1800s/early 1900s as well as reforms that took place. It explains that political machines controlled by bosses provided services to immigrants in cities in exchange for votes, leading to corruption exemplified by Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring in New York City. The Spoils System and lack of accountability caused widespread corruption. The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 helped reform government by establishing a merit-based hiring system. A number of presidents from Grant to Wilson are also assessed as either pursuing reform or maintaining the status quo.
The document provides information on the impact of World War I in the 1920s. Some key points:
1. WWI had a major disillusioning effect on Americans who questioned if the large sacrifices were worth the fragile peace. It also led to millions of casualties and changed the US to a majority urban population.
2. The 1920s saw major cultural changes like the rise of consumerism, advertising, and mass production. New technologies and the popularity of movies, radio, and sports emerged.
3. Several political scandals plagued the Republican administrations of Harding and Coolidge, including Teapot Dome. Prohibition also failed to curb alcoholism and empowered organized crime.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act:
A. Made Kansas and Nebraska new territories
B. Allowed people to use popular sovereignty in those new territories to decide whether to allow slavery or not. This cancelled the Missouri Compromise line.
C. Did not make slavery illegal, it allowed popular sovereignty to decide.
D. Did not make slavery legal either, it allowed popular sovereignty to decide.
The key aspect was that it allowed popular sovereignty, cancelling the Missouri Compromise line and allowing each territory to decide the slavery issue for themselves.
The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 made short-staple cotton profitable and led to the expansion of cotton production and slavery across the American South. As cotton exports boomed, slavery became entrenched as a national institution upheld by the political power of southern slaveholders. Abolitionists like Frederick Douglass, David Walker, and William Lloyd Garrison spoke out against slavery, but it continued to spread westward and strengthen amid debates over states' rights.
The Roaring Twenties saw postwar isolationism and nativism in America as well as economic boom. The Harding administration aimed to return to normalcy after WWI but scandals emerged. Industries flourished with new technologies like the automobile. Americans saw rising wages and standards of living as consumer goods became readily available through installment plans and credit, fueling unprecedented economic growth. However, this prosperity was superficial and problems with excess supply, income inequality, and reliance on credit emerged.
1) The 1920s saw many changes in American society as new technologies like radio and movies shaped popular culture while women gained more freedoms through fashion, employment, and birth control.
2) Prohibition led to conflicts between rural and urban areas as organized crime rose with bootlegging and speakeasies while only 19% supported it by the mid-1920s.
3) The Scopes Trial highlighted tensions between religious fundamentalism and science with the teaching of evolution as America debated modernity.
As the document begins, it notes that at the turn of the 21st century, American society was changing and facing new challenges compared to the previous century. Immigration policies were relaxed through laws like the Immigration Act of 1990, leading to a large influx of over 1 million new immigrants annually, most from Latin America and Asia. This changing demographic landscape was increasingly diverse but also debated issues like bilingual education and illegal immigration. Additionally, factors like divorce becoming more common, women increasingly working, and debates around topics like affirmative action, standardized testing in schools, and reforms to Social Security showed how American society was being transformed at the century's start.
This document provides demographic information about populations in various locations from Harlan, Iowa to worldwide, as well as information about political leaders, issues, and events. It discusses topics like the US national debt, ISIS, President Trump and allegations of sexism/racism, DACA, and perceptions of "fake news" in the mainstream press.
The document discusses factors that contributed to the growth of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement after 1945. It provides background on key events like the Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision outlawing segregation in schools. It also discusses the experiences of Black soldiers in World War II, the role of leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., and the emergence of civil rights organizations. The document contains knowledge points, analysis, and sources to help students understand and write an essay on reasons for the growth of the Civil Rights Movement after 1945.
The document summarizes the long struggle for women's suffrage in the United States, from the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 to the ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920. It discusses key events like the 15th Amendment granting black men the right to vote but not women, and speeches by Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth arguing for women's suffrage. It also outlines differing strategies between leaders like Carrie Chapman Catt and Alice Paul, and beliefs held by anti-suffragists against granting women the right to vote. The 19th Amendment was ultimately ratified in 1920, prohibiting voter discrimination on the basis of sex.
The document provides details on several key events and developments during the early 19th century in the United States, including:
1) The Industrial Revolution began in the U.S. in the late 18th century, with textile mills being built along rivers and the development of interchangeable parts.
2) Two economic systems developed - the North focused on manufacturing while the South's economy relied on slavery and cotton cultivation.
3) Infrastructure projects like the National Road and Erie Canal helped facilitate trade and economic growth across regions. However, they also increased tensions over issues like tariffs and states' rights.
4) The Supreme Court strengthened national power with rulings like McCulloch v. Maryland,
The 1920s was a decade of social and cultural change in the United States. Tensions arose between traditional and modern values as the nation grappled with issues like immigration, prohibition, religious fundamentalism, and racial unrest. At the same time, the economy and popular culture thrived with new innovations in art, literature, music, technology, and entertainment. The decade saw both conflict and prosperity as American society shifted in new directions.
Martin Luther King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) helped advance the Civil Rights Movement through non-violent protests that gained significant media attention, applying pressure on the government. King's March on Washington and March from Selma to Montgomery were broadcast nationwide, outraging viewers and forcing action from President Kennedy and Congress. However, King's non-violent approach did not fully address the economic needs of black Americans, particularly in northern cities, and some radicals felt alternative methods were needed.
US, Pakistan, India Relationship and a Positive New World Order
Promote (if) any ideas appeal to you
I’m a firm believer in the competence, resilience & emotional intelligence of women
Hence I launched www.WomenAreVotes.com with a GLOBAL VISION-an initiative to encourage and motivate women to leadership
This is all about empowering women to think LOCALIZED SOLUTIONS and ultimately the corridors of power for blanket solution to chronic problems
My vision for this is global, Rotary is global, hence I invite Rotarians to join me in encouraging and motivating women of the world
This document provides a historical overview of major events in US and world history from the late 1700s to the early 2000s. It covers the eras of isolationism, westward expansion, the Civil War, imperialism, World War I, World War II, the Cold War, the Gulf Wars, and the War on Terror. Key moments discussed include Washington's Farewell Address, the Monroe Doctrine, the Treaty of Versailles, Pearl Harbor, the establishment of the UN, the 9/11 attacks, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The document provides information about key events leading up to and during World War II between Japan and the United States, including Japan invading French Indochina in 1941, the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941, and FDR's war speech the following day. It also discusses the USS Arizona Memorial, propaganda efforts like "Remember Pearl Harbor," and Japanese and American leaders involved in the war such as Hideki Tojo, Emperor Hirohito, and Admiral Yamamoto.
The document summarizes major events from 1919-1941 that led up to World War 2, including the Treaty of Versailles which imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, Japan's increasing aggression in Asia, Germany's rearmament and annexation of territories under Hitler, and failed peace efforts such as the League of Nations and appeasement at the Munich Conference. The US initially took a neutral stance but grew closer to Britain through destroyers-for-bases deals and the Lend-Lease Act in preparation for potential entry into the war.
The Civil Rights Movement met some needs of black Americans by ending segregation and securing key legislation, but ultimately failed to achieve full social, economic, and political equality. While groups like the NAACP and CORE successfully challenged segregation laws, and leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. gained important victories, discrimination and inequality persisted. Federal policies provided some support but did little to change racist attitudes. Social and economic conditions remained unequal, as evidenced by northern riots and the Kerner Commission report. As a result, more radical black movements emerged calling for alternative approaches to address the ongoing needs and grievances of black communities.
In the 1920s, Americans began to change their historically open attitude towards immigration. This was due to growing isolationism after World War I, as Americans wanted to avoid foreign entanglements. There was also fear of revolution following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and prejudice against new southern and eastern European immigrants, as old Anglo-Saxon immigrants viewed the new immigrants as threatening traditional American values and jobs. The economic difficulties of the postwar period also led Americans to view immigrants as scapegoats for issues like unemployment and declining wages. As a result, the once open door to immigration in the U.S. began to close in the 1920s.
Millions of immigrants came to the US in the late 19th-early 20th centuries for opportunities and to escape hardships. They faced difficult journeys and adjustment to urban life with problems like overcrowded housing and unsanitary conditions. Political machines formed in cities and gained power by providing services to immigrants and poor in exchange for votes, though some engaged in corruption. Reforms sought to reduce patronage and implement merit-based civil service amid concerns over graft. Business interests also grew politically through campaign donations and influencing tariff policies.
The document discusses several key barriers to civil rights for Black Americans up to 1941, including legal impediments, lack of political influence, and the activities of the Ku Klux Klan. Legally, the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision upheld racial segregation. Politically, Southern states used measures like poll taxes and literacy tests to prevent most Black Americans from voting. Meanwhile, the resurgent Ku Klux Klan used intimidation and violence to oppress Black communities and deter civil rights efforts.
The Industrial Revolution took off in the late 1800s due to several key factors: new inventions like the Bessemer process for steel production, growing cities and markets, abundant natural resources, and government policies that supported businesses. Railroads connected these growing cities and markets, spurring further industrialization. Some businessmen like Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Vanderbilt amassed huge fortunes and monopolies in industries like steel, oil, and railroads. Labor unions struggled against monopolistic practices and dangerous working conditions, using strikes, but often faced violent opposition from private militias and government forces. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 aimed to regulate monopolies and trusts.
This document discusses political machines and corruption in government during the late 1800s/early 1900s as well as reforms that took place. It explains that political machines controlled by bosses provided services to immigrants in cities in exchange for votes, leading to corruption exemplified by Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring in New York City. The Spoils System and lack of accountability caused widespread corruption. The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 helped reform government by establishing a merit-based hiring system. A number of presidents from Grant to Wilson are also assessed as either pursuing reform or maintaining the status quo.
The document provides information on the impact of World War I in the 1920s. Some key points:
1. WWI had a major disillusioning effect on Americans who questioned if the large sacrifices were worth the fragile peace. It also led to millions of casualties and changed the US to a majority urban population.
2. The 1920s saw major cultural changes like the rise of consumerism, advertising, and mass production. New technologies and the popularity of movies, radio, and sports emerged.
3. Several political scandals plagued the Republican administrations of Harding and Coolidge, including Teapot Dome. Prohibition also failed to curb alcoholism and empowered organized crime.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act:
A. Made Kansas and Nebraska new territories
B. Allowed people to use popular sovereignty in those new territories to decide whether to allow slavery or not. This cancelled the Missouri Compromise line.
C. Did not make slavery illegal, it allowed popular sovereignty to decide.
D. Did not make slavery legal either, it allowed popular sovereignty to decide.
The key aspect was that it allowed popular sovereignty, cancelling the Missouri Compromise line and allowing each territory to decide the slavery issue for themselves.
The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 made short-staple cotton profitable and led to the expansion of cotton production and slavery across the American South. As cotton exports boomed, slavery became entrenched as a national institution upheld by the political power of southern slaveholders. Abolitionists like Frederick Douglass, David Walker, and William Lloyd Garrison spoke out against slavery, but it continued to spread westward and strengthen amid debates over states' rights.
The Roaring Twenties saw postwar isolationism and nativism in America as well as economic boom. The Harding administration aimed to return to normalcy after WWI but scandals emerged. Industries flourished with new technologies like the automobile. Americans saw rising wages and standards of living as consumer goods became readily available through installment plans and credit, fueling unprecedented economic growth. However, this prosperity was superficial and problems with excess supply, income inequality, and reliance on credit emerged.
1) The 1920s saw many changes in American society as new technologies like radio and movies shaped popular culture while women gained more freedoms through fashion, employment, and birth control.
2) Prohibition led to conflicts between rural and urban areas as organized crime rose with bootlegging and speakeasies while only 19% supported it by the mid-1920s.
3) The Scopes Trial highlighted tensions between religious fundamentalism and science with the teaching of evolution as America debated modernity.
As the document begins, it notes that at the turn of the 21st century, American society was changing and facing new challenges compared to the previous century. Immigration policies were relaxed through laws like the Immigration Act of 1990, leading to a large influx of over 1 million new immigrants annually, most from Latin America and Asia. This changing demographic landscape was increasingly diverse but also debated issues like bilingual education and illegal immigration. Additionally, factors like divorce becoming more common, women increasingly working, and debates around topics like affirmative action, standardized testing in schools, and reforms to Social Security showed how American society was being transformed at the century's start.
This document provides demographic information about populations in various locations from Harlan, Iowa to worldwide, as well as information about political leaders, issues, and events. It discusses topics like the US national debt, ISIS, President Trump and allegations of sexism/racism, DACA, and perceptions of "fake news" in the mainstream press.
The document discusses factors that contributed to the growth of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement after 1945. It provides background on key events like the Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision outlawing segregation in schools. It also discusses the experiences of Black soldiers in World War II, the role of leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., and the emergence of civil rights organizations. The document contains knowledge points, analysis, and sources to help students understand and write an essay on reasons for the growth of the Civil Rights Movement after 1945.
The document summarizes the long struggle for women's suffrage in the United States, from the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 to the ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920. It discusses key events like the 15th Amendment granting black men the right to vote but not women, and speeches by Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth arguing for women's suffrage. It also outlines differing strategies between leaders like Carrie Chapman Catt and Alice Paul, and beliefs held by anti-suffragists against granting women the right to vote. The 19th Amendment was ultimately ratified in 1920, prohibiting voter discrimination on the basis of sex.
The document provides details on several key events and developments during the early 19th century in the United States, including:
1) The Industrial Revolution began in the U.S. in the late 18th century, with textile mills being built along rivers and the development of interchangeable parts.
2) Two economic systems developed - the North focused on manufacturing while the South's economy relied on slavery and cotton cultivation.
3) Infrastructure projects like the National Road and Erie Canal helped facilitate trade and economic growth across regions. However, they also increased tensions over issues like tariffs and states' rights.
4) The Supreme Court strengthened national power with rulings like McCulloch v. Maryland,
The 1920s was a decade of social and cultural change in the United States. Tensions arose between traditional and modern values as the nation grappled with issues like immigration, prohibition, religious fundamentalism, and racial unrest. At the same time, the economy and popular culture thrived with new innovations in art, literature, music, technology, and entertainment. The decade saw both conflict and prosperity as American society shifted in new directions.
Martin Luther King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) helped advance the Civil Rights Movement through non-violent protests that gained significant media attention, applying pressure on the government. King's March on Washington and March from Selma to Montgomery were broadcast nationwide, outraging viewers and forcing action from President Kennedy and Congress. However, King's non-violent approach did not fully address the economic needs of black Americans, particularly in northern cities, and some radicals felt alternative methods were needed.
US, Pakistan, India Relationship and a Positive New World Order
Promote (if) any ideas appeal to you
I’m a firm believer in the competence, resilience & emotional intelligence of women
Hence I launched www.WomenAreVotes.com with a GLOBAL VISION-an initiative to encourage and motivate women to leadership
This is all about empowering women to think LOCALIZED SOLUTIONS and ultimately the corridors of power for blanket solution to chronic problems
My vision for this is global, Rotary is global, hence I invite Rotarians to join me in encouraging and motivating women of the world
This document provides a historical overview of major events in US and world history from the late 1700s to the early 2000s. It covers the eras of isolationism, westward expansion, the Civil War, imperialism, World War I, World War II, the Cold War, the Gulf Wars, and the War on Terror. Key moments discussed include Washington's Farewell Address, the Monroe Doctrine, the Treaty of Versailles, Pearl Harbor, the establishment of the UN, the 9/11 attacks, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The document provides information about key events leading up to and during World War II between Japan and the United States, including Japan invading French Indochina in 1941, the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941, and FDR's war speech the following day. It also discusses the USS Arizona Memorial, propaganda efforts like "Remember Pearl Harbor," and Japanese and American leaders involved in the war such as Hideki Tojo, Emperor Hirohito, and Admiral Yamamoto.
The document summarizes major events from 1919-1941 that led up to World War 2, including the Treaty of Versailles which imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, Japan's increasing aggression in Asia, Germany's rearmament and annexation of territories under Hitler, and failed peace efforts such as the League of Nations and appeasement at the Munich Conference. The US initially took a neutral stance but grew closer to Britain through destroyers-for-bases deals and the Lend-Lease Act in preparation for potential entry into the war.
After Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, they had several military successes in 1942, capturing territories like the Philippines. The US suffered defeats like the Bataan Death March but also had some victories such as Doolittle's Raid on Tokyo and the Battle of Midway, which marked a turning point. Fighting escalated across the Pacific, including brutal battles at places like Guadalcanal, Leyte Gulf, and Iwo Jima. As the war dragged on, the US developed the atomic bomb under General Groves and scientists like Oppenheimer. The bombs "Little Boy" and "Fat Man" were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, leading Japan to surrender. However,
The document provides information on several key aspects of Allied intelligence efforts against German U-boats during World War 2, including:
1) Churchill and Roosevelt prioritized intelligence sharing between British and American agencies, allowing them to track Axis forces with new technologies like radar and radio direction finding.
2) Codebreaking efforts, notably solving the Enigma code, were also critical successes that provided intelligence when U-boats were inflicting damage.
3) "Hunter-killer" groups that combined escort ships and aircraft helped locate and attack U-boats using depth charges and other weapons. This concerted intelligence and counterattack strategy ultimately defeated the German submarine threat in the Battle of the Atlantic.
The Cold War was a decades-long ideological and geopolitical struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union that began following World War II. Key events that deepened tensions included Stalin reneging on allowing free elections in Eastern Europe, the Berlin Blockade, McCarthyism in the US, and the space race highlighted by the launch of Sputnik. Major crises like the Cuban Missile Crisis brought the two superpowers to the brink of nuclear war. Throughout the Cold War both sides sought to spread their influence and contain the other through military alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact as well as policies like containment and détente.
The Farm Security Administration (FSA) was created in 1937 as a subagency of the US Department of Agriculture to provide loans to farmers and families who could not get credit elsewhere. It aimed to help farm families be self-sufficient through loans. In 1946 it was transformed into a program to help poor farmers buy land, now called the Farmers Home Administration. The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) was also created in 1935 under FDR to bring electricity to rural areas and farms. It was later reorganized into the Rural Utilities Service in 1994. Both agencies helped rural Americans during the Great Depression and New Deal era.
President Obama's plan focuses on investing in education, research, and clean energy to create jobs; reforming the tax code to pay down the deficit while asking millionaires to pay more; and rebuilding infrastructure by ending wars and using the savings. Key points include creating 1 million manufacturing jobs, doubling exports, cutting the growth of college tuition, and expanding access to affordable health care.
The document summarizes key events regarding the United States' acquisition of new territories and expansion of influence at the turn of the 20th century. It discusses how Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guantanamo Bay, and the Philippines came under US control following the Spanish-American War. It also outlines President Theodore Roosevelt's role in mediating the Russo-Japanese War and overseeing the construction of the Panama Canal. Roosevelt employed "Big Stick Diplomacy" to assert US influence globally.
Reconstruction took place from 1865 to 1877 as the South rebuilt after the Civil War and rejoined the Union under presidential plans for easy readmission. However, Republican control of Congress after 1866 led to Radical Reconstruction, establishing new civil rights and placing the South under military control. This imposed new governments that helped former slaves but were accused of corruption. Reconstruction ultimately ended in 1877 with the Compromise that resolved the disputed 1876 election in favor of R.B. Hayes in exchange for removing federal troops from the South.
This document provides an overview of America's emergence as an imperial power in the late 19th century. It discusses factors that led to the Spanish-American War in 1898 such as the Cuban war for independence and yellow journalism. The war resulted in the U.S. acquiring colonies like the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico, marking the first time America established an overseas empire.
The document discusses some of the key differences between Democrats and Republicans on various social and political issues in the United States. These issues include abortion, gun control, the environment, taxes, healthcare, and more. The Tea Party movement emerged in 2009 in opposition to bank bailouts and increased government spending under President Obama.
The document discusses the causes and effects of the Great Depression and the Stock Market Crash of 1929. It led to widespread unemployment and economic hardship as businesses cut production and laid off workers. The New Deal programs that began under President Franklin D. Roosevelt aimed to provide relief, reform the financial system, and lead economic recovery through increased government spending and regulation. The New Deal created many agencies and programs, such as Social Security, that still exist today and expanded the role of the federal government.
This document summarizes the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution known as the Bill of Rights. It provides brief explanations of some of the key freedoms and rights protected in each amendment, including freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, right to bear arms, limits on quartering troops, search and seizure, rights of the accused, and reserved powers of the states and people.
1. The document provides statistics on current and projected world population trends, including population growth rates, life expectancies, fertility rates, and population densities of different countries and regions.
2. Key facts presented include that the world population is expected to reach 7 billion in 2011, developing countries generally have younger populations than developed countries, and population growth rates are declining as more countries develop.
3. Issues discussed around overpopulation include increased stress on resources and the environment, as well as challenges meeting needs like education, health, and eradicating poverty in fast-growing regions.
The document provides biographical information and accomplishments of U.S. presidents Harry Truman through Richard Nixon. It notes that Truman took over after FDR's death and dealt with the transition to peacetime economy after WWII. His accomplishments included the Marshall Plan and recognizing Israel. John F. Kennedy served as president from 1961-1963 until his assassination, focusing on space exploration and civil rights. Lyndon Johnson passed major civil rights legislation and launched the Great Society program. Richard Nixon ended U.S. involvement in Vietnam and established the EPA while also resigning due to the Watergate scandal.
The document summarizes major events in US history from the late 1700s to modern day, including periods of isolationism and expansionism, the Civil War, World Wars I and II, the Cold War, Gulf Wars, and War on Terror. Key moments discussed include Washington's farewell address, the Monroe Doctrine, Treaty of Versailles, League of Nations, atomic bombings, UN establishment, 9/11 attacks, Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Overall it provides a broad overview of US foreign policy and military engagements over the last 200+ years.
The document summarizes the Syrian uprising that began in March 2011 as part of the larger Arab Spring movement. Protests were sparked by the authoritarian government, lack of democracy, and economic issues. The goals of the uprising included resigning President Bashar al-Assad and implementing democratic reforms. The Syrian government responded to the protests with violent crackdowns, deploying tanks, snipers, and shutting off utilities. The UN and many countries condemned the Syrian government's violent actions against protesters.
Between 1870 and 1920, 20 million Europeans immigrated to the United States, with half a million Chinese and Japanese also immigrating to the West Coast. This mass immigration, combined with migration from rural to urban areas, led cities to grow rapidly but also experience overcrowding, disease, and other problems. During this Gilded Age and Progressive Era, reformers sought to address these issues and problems with capitalism through progressivism, pushing for social welfare, moral reform, economic reform like regulating railroads and child labor laws, and government efficiency. Teddy Roosevelt championed many progressive causes as president from 1901-1909 like conservation and trust-busting.
The document provides an overview of key topics related to the Progressive Era. It begins with defining the Progressive Era and its goals of protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering efficiency. It then discusses specific accomplishments and reforms in these areas, including prohibition, women's suffrage, trust busting, regulation of railroads and food/drugs, conservation, and labor reforms. The document also summarizes the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson, outlining major policies and legislation passed under each. It focuses on their approaches to trusts, tariffs, conservation, African Americans, and events leading to the Republican party split in 1912.
The document provides background information on immigration to the United States between 1870-1920. Millions of Europeans immigrated during this period, with over half coming from Ireland and Germany. Push factors like famine and lack of opportunity drove people out of Europe. Pull factors like potential for higher wages and reunification with family drew immigrants to the US. The document also discusses the growth of cities, problems in cities, and reforms during the Progressive Era including women's suffrage and prohibition.
The document discusses several changes that occurred in Georgia's political landscape in the 1960s and beyond. Specifically:
1) A rural-dominated voting system that allowed a minority of voters to control the state government was ruled unconstitutional in 1962, shifting political power to more populated urban areas over time.
2) Jimmy Carter served as Georgia's governor from 1971-1975 and accomplished desegregation and government reforms before being elected as the 39th U.S. President in 1976.
3) Hosting the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta brought infrastructure improvements and economic benefits but was marred by a terrorist bombing in Centennial Olympic Park that killed one person.
The Progressive Era saw rising inequality and wealth disparity in the late 19th/early 20th century America. Reform movements emerged seeking to address economic and social issues through government action. Progressives implemented various reforms at local and state levels, including restructuring municipal governments, establishing direct primaries, and granting citizens more direct democratic powers like initiative and referendum. Federal reforms followed, such as the Pure Food and Drug Act, in response to muckraking journalism that investigated corporate abuses and unsanitary conditions.
The 1920s saw a pro-business atmosphere in the United States as labor unions declined in popularity due to connections with radicalism. President Harding pursued conservative economic policies but his administration was tainted by scandal. His successor, President Coolidge, also favored business and lower taxes. New technologies like the automobile and radio entered popular use, fueling cultural changes. However, intolerance grew as well, seen in the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and restrictive immigration laws. The Scopes Trial highlighted tensions between traditional and modernist thought. Prohibition caused the rise of organized crime during this transformative decade.
Workers faced difficult conditions like long hours, low wages, and unsafe conditions. Unions formed like the Knights of Labor and AFL to advocate for workers' rights and negotiate with employers. However, employers opposed unions and used tactics like blacklists, injunctions, and violence against striking workers. During the Progressive Era, writers exposed issues and reformers advocated for social change, while African Americans faced disenfranchisement and segregation despite amendments granting rights.
During the period of 1900-1910 in America, Theodore Roosevelt served as president from 1901-1909, pursuing progressive policies like trust busting and conservation. The progressive movement sought social and political reforms through government action. Muckraking journalists exposed problems in society. Women fought for suffrage rights. The economy grew industrialized as companies like Ford and Sears expanded. In foreign policy, the U.S. gained the Panama Canal and pursued an Open Door Policy in China.
The document summarizes the agrarian revolt in the late 19th century led by farmers frustrated by issues like tariffs, trusts, and railroad practices. It emerged as the Populist movement, a grassroots third party campaigning on farmers' interests like regulating railroads, nationalizing banks, and expanding the money supply through silver. Though the Populists gained support and elected some candidates, they ultimately declined as the economy modernized and their agenda was adopted by major parties.
2312 Online Progressive Movements and ReformsDrew Burks
The document summarizes key events and reforms during the Progressive Era from 1890-1920 in the United States. It discusses major social issues like corruption in government, lack of regulations in industry, and lack of rights for groups like women and children. Progressive reforms addressed these issues through things like direct primaries, initiatives/referendums, women's suffrage, child labor laws, workplace safety standards, and regulations on food/drugs and big business. The document also briefly previews the geopolitical situation in Europe leading up to World War 1.
The American people grew frustrated with economic issues in the late 19th century like high tariffs and monopolies. This led to the rise of the Populist movement, a grassroots third party started by farmers alliances and the Grange. The Populists advocated for issues like lower railroad rates, government ownership of industries, and the "free silver" standard. However, William McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan in the 1896 election, securing a victory for the gold standard and conservatism. The Populist movement declined as the economy changed and most of its goals were adopted by the Democratic party.
2312 Ground Progressive Movements and ReformsDrew Burks
The document provides an overview of the key social, political, and economic problems addressed by the Progressive Era from 1890-1920 in the United States. It discusses issues like corruption in government, poor working conditions, women's suffrage, child labor, alcohol abuse, and the unregulated power of big business. Reform efforts sought to curb these issues through initiatives like social welfare programs, direct democracy measures, workplace regulations, and antitrust laws. The document outlines the various progressive presidents and movements during this era that helped enact reforms to address the many problems arising from rapid industrialization.
The Progressive Era sought to address issues like poor working conditions, women's and children's rights, and corruption through government reforms. Reformers aimed to promote social welfare, moral improvement, economic reform, and efficiency. Muckrakers like Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair exposed issues through journalism. New laws regulated industries, protected workers and consumers, and cleaned up local governments. Teddy Roosevelt passed antitrust laws as a "trustbuster" and promoted conservation. Women and African Americans also advocated for reforms, though civil rights issues saw less progress. Overall, the period brought widespread changes to address major problems through active government intervention.
Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th President who pursued a policy of "The Square Deal" to regulate large businesses and protect consumers. He filed antitrust suits against 44 trusts. The 27th President, William Howard Taft, continued Roosevelt's progressive policies but faced criticism for favoring big business. This split the Republican Party in 1912. Woodrow Wilson was elected as the 28th President and pursued the "New Freedom" agenda, passing laws like the Clayton Antitrust Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act to strengthen antitrust regulations.
The Progressive Era occurred between 1890-1920 in response to economic and social problems created by rapid industrialization and urbanization in the late 19th century. Reformers known as Progressives advocated regulation of railroads and other large corporations, environmental conservation, women's suffrage, prohibition, child labor laws, and other reforms to make the political system more democratic. The era saw the rise of muckraking journalism, various political reforms passed at the state level, and landmark Supreme Court cases that established the federal government's power to regulate interstate commerce and legalized racial segregation.
The Progressive Era sought to address problems created by rapid industrialization and urbanization between 1890-1920. Reformers known as Progressives pushed for regulations of large businesses, consumer protections, and expanded democracy. Some key reforms included civil service reforms through the Pendleton Act, regulations of railroads and interstate commerce, and consumer protections such as the Pure Food and Drug Act. However, Progressives were divided on issues of race and segregation, with some supporting policies that ultimately legalized discrimination until the civil rights era.
The document provides an overview of the Progressive Era and American imperialism from the early 1900s through World War 1. Some key points:
- The Progressive Era saw reform efforts like protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, and trust-busting under presidents like Theodore Roosevelt.
- American imperialism grew due to factors like nationalism, social Darwinism, and the desire for foreign markets. This led to the annexation of Hawaii and war with Spain over Cuba.
- The Spanish-American War expanded U.S. territory to include Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as America took its first steps onto the global stage as a world power.
The Progressive Era was a period of social activism and political reform in the United States that spanned from the 1890s to the 1920s. Caused by cultural decline, muckrakers exposing issues, and economic changes from industrialization, progressives fought for reforms addressing issues like corruption, child labor, women's suffrage, and prohibition. Key leaders included Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Robert LaFollette. Roosevelt proposed a New Nationalism with trust busting and consumer protections. Wilson advocated a New Freedom through antitrust acts and the Federal Reserve. Women and African Americans also led important reform movements during this era of social change.
The document provides biographical information about several important figures from the Progressive Era, including Jacob Riis, a Danish American social reformer who wrote about poverty in New York City; Robert La Follette, a Wisconsin politician who championed direct primaries; and Alice Paul, a suffragist who organized marches for women's right to vote. It also summarizes key policies and events such as the Square Deal, the Northern Securities Company antitrust case, the 1902 coal strike, and the Hepburn Act.
This document summarizes Theodore Roosevelt's progressive domestic policies as president from 1901-1909. It describes how Roosevelt advocated for trust-busting and regulating large businesses. It discusses key pieces of legislation passed during this time like the Expedition Act and the creation of the Department of Commerce and Labor. The summary also outlines Roosevelt's role in ending the 1902 coal strike and his conservation efforts. It then discusses William Howard Taft's presidency from 1909-1913, including the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, the Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy, and the split of Republicans into Insurgent and Old Guard factions.
The document discusses differing views on gun control between Democrats and Republicans. Democrats generally favor stronger gun control laws such as universal background checks, assault weapons bans, and restrictions on high-capacity magazines. Republicans generally oppose further gun control as unconstitutional and argue it will not prevent crime while punishing law-abiding gun owners. The document also examines debates around the meaning and scope of the Second Amendment.
US troops are stationed around the world for several reasons related to WWII and the Cold War era. Troops help maintain global security and stability in regions impacted by wars like Korea and Vietnam. Their presence deters aggression and protects international allies.
Anyone can become addicted to opioids, but those most at risk include those who have experienced trauma, have a mental health condition, misuse prescription opioids, or use heroin. A new documentary from the FBI and DEA called "Chasing the Dragon" aims to educate students and young adults about how easily addiction can develop from opioid misuse and the dangers of heroin use through telling the story of one addict's life.
The document discusses the history and purpose of the United Nations. It was created in 1945 to replace the League of Nations after it failed to prevent World War II. The UN aims to maintain international peace and security, promote economic development and human rights. It provides a forum for countries to discuss issues and conducts humanitarian aid and peacekeeping missions. The main UN bodies are the General Assembly, Security Council, and other organizations that work on issues like development, human rights, and peacekeeping.
The document provides an introduction to world history, including key concepts and discoveries. It discusses how the oldest human fossils were found in Africa, dated to around 4-6 million years ago. Specifically, early hominid remains were discovered in Tanzania in the 1930s-1970s by Louis and Mary Leakey. More recently, fossils of Homo sapiens dated to 300,000-350,000 years ago were found in Morocco in 2017. The document also summarizes the development of early civilizations along river valleys in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River Valley, and China from around 3500 BCE, noting traits like cities, writing systems, specialized workers, and advanced technologies.
This document provides guidance on studying for an exam on key events that shaped US history from Native American arrival through Reconstruction. It lists the main topics to focus on for each event, including the time period, explanation of what happened, key people, impact on the US, and important terms. Some of the major events it identifies are Native American populations in North America, European exploration and colonization, the Revolutionary War, the US Constitution, westward expansion, the Civil War, and Reconstruction. It also includes discussion questions about these topics and the structures and powers of the US government established by the Constitution.
The document provides demographic information about populations in various locations from Harlan, Iowa to worldwide. It also includes political leadership roles in Iowa and the US, as well as information on controversial topics like white nationalism, Antifa, media bias, and government funding levels for schools in Iowa.
The document provides details on areas controlled by Japan during WWII as well as areas attacked but not conquered. It lists the specific dates that various regions in Asia and the Pacific fell under Japanese control. It also provides background information on Japan in the 1920s-30s and key events leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, incidents in China, and Japan's alliance with Germany and Italy.
Italy was displeased with the outcome of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles. In 1922, Benito Mussolini and his fascist party took control of Italy in the March on Rome. Mussolini established a fascist government with himself as dictator. He invaded Ethiopia in 1935 in violation of treaties. In the late 1930s, Mussolini allied Italy with Nazi Germany and joined World War II on Germany's side. However, Italy was not well-prepared for war and suffered major losses and defeats. Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian resistance forces in 1945.
This document provides an overview of Germany's history from 1919 to 1945, beginning with the Treaty of Versailles after WWI and the restrictions it placed on Germany. It then discusses the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party, key events of WWII such as Germany's invasions and alliances, major battles on the Eastern and Western Fronts, and the Holocaust. The document uses text and images to present information on Germany under Hitler and the key political and military developments of WWII.
This document provides information on various political and economic systems including types of governments (e.g. democracy, monarchy), political parties in the US, the Tea Party movement, and core concepts (e.g. liberal, conservative). It also covers presidential election maps from 1960-2012 and controversial issues like immigration, gun control, abortion, the environment, and healthcare.
The document summarizes many of the major relief programs and reforms of FDR's New Deal. It describes programs that provided relief for the unemployed like the CCC and NYA, as well as major public works projects through the PWA, CWA, and WPA. It also covers major financial reforms and regulations like the FDIC, SEC, Glass-Steagall Act, and FFDCA. Rural electrification and infrastructure were addressed by agencies such as the REA, TVA, and RHA.
The document provides background information on the Great Depression and the stock market crash of 1929. It discusses key terms, events, causes and effects of the period. Specifically, it outlines how speculation in the stock market led to inflated stock prices that eventually crashed in October 1929. This crash had widespread effects, causing banks to fail, businesses to cut production and lay off workers, and unemployment to rise sharply. Together these events marked the beginning of the Great Depression, a severe worldwide economic downturn that lasted through the 1930s.
The document provides an overview of several major civilizations and empires from ancient history, including Ancient Greece, the Persian Empire, the Roman Republic and Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Mongolian Empire. It then discusses the Middle Ages in Europe, known also as the Medieval period or Dark Ages, and explains why this era is sometimes referred to as the Dark Ages due to raids and a lack of focus on learning. Finally, it covers several topics related to Christianity during this time period such as reforms in the Catholic Church, the development of architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, and the Crusades launched by the Pope to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
The document provides an overview of politics and society in the United States during the 1920s. Some key events and trends discussed include the Red Scare following WWI, the Palmer Raids targeting radicals, the Sacco and Vanzetti trial, immigration restrictions, prohibition, organized crime during prohibition led by figures like Al Capone, the Scopes Monkey Trial debate over teaching evolution, economic boom and bust period, and advances for women's rights including women's suffrage and access to birth control.
The document provides an overview of several major civilizations and empires from ancient history, including Ancient Greece, the Persian Empire, the Roman Republic and Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Mongolian Empire. It then discusses the Middle Ages in Europe, known also as the Medieval period or Dark Ages, and explains why this era is sometimes referred to as the Dark Ages due to raids and a lack of focus on learning. Finally, it covers several topics related to Christianity during this time period such as reforms in the Catholic Church, the development of architecture like Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, and the Crusades launched by the Pope to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
Puerto Rico was claimed by Spain in 1493 and ceded to the US in 1898 after 400 years of Spanish rule. Puerto Ricans were granted citizenship in 1917. Since 1948, popularly elected governors have served and in 1952 a constitution provided for internal self-government. In plebiscites, voters chose to retain commonwealth status, though in 2012 a majority voted for statehood which is pending Congressional approval.
This document provides an overview of America's emergence as an imperial power in the late 19th century. It discusses the Spanish-American War of 1898, which was precipitated by Cuban revolts against Spanish rule and inflamed by "yellow journalism" in the American press. The sinking of the USS Maine further raised tensions. The U.S. defeated Spain and gained control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. This victory marked America's arrival as a world power with overseas territories and colonies.
This document provides an overview of the five major world religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses their origins, founders, key beliefs, practices and customs. The religions are ordered from oldest to newest, with Hinduism dating back to around 1500 BC. Statistics on current global populations of adherents to each religion are also presented.
During Greece's Golden Age in the 5th century BC, Athens flourished in art, philosophy and democracy under the rule of Pericles. Pericles strengthened Athenian democracy and used money from the Delian League to fund architectural projects like the Parthenon. However, Athens' growing power led to conflicts and the Peloponnesian War with Sparta. Meanwhile, philosophers like Socrates, Plato and Aristotle asked fundamental questions, influencing Western thought. Later, Philip II and his son Alexander the Great conquered Greece and much of the known world, spreading Hellenistic culture across a vast empire from Egypt to India.
1. Why did immigrants come to the
US?
• Famine
• Land shortages
• Religious or political persecution
• More opportunities-$$
• Reunite with family
2. Why did immigrants come to the
US?
• Famine
• Land shortages
• Religious or political persecution
• More opportunities-$$
• Reunite with family
• Push-Pull Factors
3. Immigration
• Between 1870 and 1920, 20 million Europeans
came to US
• Discuss “old immigrants” vs “new immigrants”
• Half a million Chinese and Japanese people
came to west coast during this time
• Led to much anti-Asian feeling in this country-
Chinese Exclusion Act
• A million immigrants from Latin America came
as well
• Page 255-Chart
9. Why did Cities Grow so Fast?
• Immigrants
• Farmers moved to the city
• African-Americans moved to the cities
• Cities offered more fun and jobs
10. Problems in the City
• Cramped, old, dirty housing
• Lack of good transportation
• Lack of safe drinking water
• Disease was common
• Streets were filthy
• Crime
• Fires
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. Gilded Age 1870-1890’s
• There was a lot of
corruption in gov’t
– Kickback system
– Granting favors to big
business
– Spoils system
– Political boss
hires/fired police
– Boss William Marcy
Tweed
20.
21.
22.
23. Reforming Government
• The Spoils System caused a lot of the
problems
• Presidents Hayes, Garfield and Arthur
tried to reform government
24. Reform
• Pendleton Civil Service Act
– Required most government jobs to be given
through a merit system based on test scores
30. Four Goals of Progressivism
1. Protecting social welfare
2. Promoting moral improvement
3. Creating economic reform
4. Fostering efficiency
31. Protecting Social Welfare
• Set up settlement houses for poor
• Opened libraries
• Sponsored education classes
• Opened swimming pools
• Set up soup kitchens
• Slum brigades—teach immigrants
35. WCTU
• What does this stand for?
– Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
• Spearheaded the crusade for prohibition
• What did these women do?
– Entered saloons and protested
– Would sing and pray in the saloons
– Urged bartenders to quit selling liquor
• The WCTU grew from a small, Midwestern
group to a national organization consisting
of 245,000 members by 1911
36.
37.
38.
39. Creating Economic Reform
• There was a major unbalance in income
and how people lived
• Many turned to “socialism”.
• Regulation of railroads
• Child labor laws
• Women and men working hours reduced
• Workmen’s compensation
40. Capitalism
• Economic System
• The means of production
are privately owned
• $$ is invested in the
production & distribution
for a profit
• “Free Market” What is
this?
• Chance to go from poor to
rich
• Laissez-Faire
– Hands Off
41. Socialism
• Social or Economic system
• Property and distribution of
wealth are determined by
the Government
• State or Government
ownership of everything
• Elimination of private
property, everyone is
equal
• Karl Marx
– Leading figure
– Father of Communism
42. American Socialist Party
• Founded in 1901
• Its prominent leader
was Eugene V. Debs
• In the early 1900’s,
the party had
numerous elected
officials in office
• Debs ran for
president 5 times
unsuccessfully
43. • “Competition is natural enough at one time, but do
you think you are competing today? Many of you
think you are competing. Against whom? Against
oil magnate John D. Rockefeller? About as I
would if I had a wheelbarrow and competed with
the Santa Fe Railroad from here to Kansas City!”
44.
45. Muckrakers
• Muckrakers played a big role in bringing
reform
• Investigative journalists
• Exposed the problems of society
• Upton Sinclair—The Jungle-meatpacking
• Ida Tarbell—Exposed the ruthless
methods of the Standard Oil Company
• Lincoln Steffens-exposed corruption in
gov’t
47. Fostering Efficiency
• Scientific management to increase
efficiency was used in factories
• Frederick Taylor—Time Management
studies
• Assembly line
• Henry Ford paid workers $5 a day!!
• Progressives also worked for better
efficiency in all levels of government
48.
49.
50.
51.
52. Limiting Working Hours
• Many states enforced
a 10 hour work day
for both men and
women
• Progressives also
succeeded in winning
workers’
compensation for
family members of
hurt or killed workers
– What is worker’s
comp.?
– Is it still around today?
53. Reforming Elections
• States adopt secret ballot
• Direct Primary
• Initiative-a bill originated by the people
rather than lawmakers
• Referendum- when voters accept or reject
the initiative (bill)
• Recall- enabled voters to remove public
officials from elected positions
• 17th and 19th Amendments
– What did these seven aim at doing????
54. Direct Election of Senators
• 17th Amendment
• 1913
• Direct election of U.S. Senators
• What does this mean?
• Who are our Senators????
57. Women’s Role
• Many more women were getting an
education
• Many became teachers
• Help push for the passing of the 18th and
19th Amendments to the US Constitution
-Prohibition
-Women’s Suffrage
58. Teddy Roosevelt-TR
• Born into a wealthy
family-1858
• Had asthma as a child-sickly
• As a teen became a
marksmen and learned
to ride horses
• Went to Harvard
• Boxed and wrestled at
Harvard
• Served in the New York
State Assembly from
1882-1884
59. • Served as US Civil
Service Commissioner
from 1889-1895
• Commissioner of the New
York City Police from
1895-1897
• Assistant Secretary of the
Navy from 1897-1898
• Fought in the Spanish-
American War in 1898 as
leader of the “Rough
Riders”
60.
61. • Governor of New York
1898-1900
• Vice-President of the US
in 1901
• Served as President
from 1901-1909
• Wrote many history
books
• Owned and ran a ranch
in the Dakota Territory
• Avid hunter-African
Safaris
68. Accomplishments as President
• Used his personality, popularity and power
of persuasion to get what he wanted
• Believed that the federal government was
there to help common people
• Wanted to give everyone a “Square Deal”
• Used the “bully pulpit” to influence media
and help pass laws
69. • TR was the “trustbuster”
• “good trusts” vs “bad trusts”
• Helped settle the 1902 Coal strike in which
miners got better pay and a nine hour
workday
• Passed the Elkins Act(1903-no rebates) and
Hepburn Act(1906-ICC set max RR rates)
which required railroads to be fair and just in
their prices and practices
• Passed the Meat Inspection Act-1906
• Passed the Pure Food and Drug Act-1906
• Newlands Act-1902-sold western land and
made dams which allowed for irrigation
• Conservation-map p. 323
• Did not do much for African-Americans
70.
71.
72. Conservation Measures
• Roosevelt condemned view that our “resources
were endless”
• T.R. set aside 148 million acres of forest
reserves
• 1.5 million acres of water-power sites
• Established 50 wildlife sanctuaries and several
national parks
• Conservation- planned management of natural
resources, involving the protection of some
wilderness areas and the development of others
78. William Howard Taft
• Born September 15, 1857 in Cincinnati, OH
• Attended Yale College: New Haven, CT
• Lawyer then Secretary of War
• Never aimed at being president
• After his presidency he was a Professor at Yale
Law School
• 1921, became Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court, which was his career goal
• Only president to ever serve as Chief Justice
• Only president to hold public office after leaving
the White House
79.
80. • “When I am
addressed as ‘Mr.
President,’ I turn to
see whether you are
not at my elbow.” –
W.H. Taft
• Taft never really felt
like he was the
president; always in
Roosevelt’s shadow
81. Taft’s Accomplishments
• Passed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff which
reduced tariffs
• Used Dollar Diplomacy when dealing with
other countries-US would use the military
and diplomacy to help promote U.S.
business interests overseas.
• Broke up many trusts including the
Standard Oil Company in 1911
• 16th Amendment Passed
82. Federal Income Tax
• 16th Amendment
passed 2-3-13
• Legalized a graduated
federal income tax
• Provided $$ to the
GOV’T by taxing
individual earnings and
corporate profits
83. Why was Taft Not Well-Liked?
• Not as energetic and well liked as Roosevelt
• Not good at using the “Bully Pulpit”
• Promised to lower tariffs but actually increased
many with the Payne-Aldrich Tariff upsetting
progressives
• Appointed wealthy lawyer Richard Ballinger to
Secretary of the Interior who removed land TR
set aside for conservation
• Supported Speaker of the House Joe Cannon
who was anti-progressive
85. Republican Party Split
• Due to these problems with Taft, the
Republicans split into old-guard
republicans and progressive republicans
• TR did not get the Republican nomination
so he decided to run as a third party
candidate in the Progressive Party(Bull
Moose Party)
• Why would this split guarantee a democrat
win?
89. Bull-Moose Platform
• Direct Election of
Senators
• Initiative, Referendum,
Recall in all states
• Woman Suffrage
• Worker’s Compensation
• 8 hour workday
• Minimum wage for
women
• Federal Law against child
labor
93. It Gets Nasty!!
• During the campaign before the election,
both Roosevelt & Taft take shots at each
other
• Taft called T.R. a “dangerous egotist”
• Roosevelt branded Taft as “Fat Head with
the brain of a guinea pig”
• Wilson’s quote: “Don’t interfere when your
enemy is destroying himself”
98. Election of 1912
• Election offered several choices:
– Wilson’s New Freedom
– Taft’s Conservatism
– Roosevelt’s Progressivism
– Debs’ Socialism
• Republican Split gives Wilson the presidency
• Republican voters split between Taft &
Roosevelt
• Democrats voted for Wilson
• Wilson only received 42% of the popular vote,
but won 435 electoral votes
• Roosevelt finished 2nd with 4.1 million votes
100. Wilson’s Background
• Grew up in the South
after the Civil War &
Reconstruction
• Son, Grandson, and
Nephew of Presbyterian
Ministers—strict
upbringing
• Before entering politics,
Wilson worked as:
– Lawyer
– History Professor
– President of Princeton
University
– Governor of N.J.
101. Wilson’s Accomplishments
• Passed Clayton Anti-Trust Act(1914)
– Could break up monopolies
-Labor Unions were given the right to exist
-Strikes, boycotts, picketing etc became
legal
• Federal Trade Commission was
established in 1914
– Investigated companies for monopolistic
practices
102. Federal Reserve System
• America needed stronger banks
• Federal Reserve Act of 1913
• Divided the nation into 12 districts regional
central bank in each district
• “Bankers Bank”
• Federal Reserve banks could issue new paper
money in emergency situations
• Also, helped with giving out loan $$
• Banks within the system helped others from
closing due to lack of money
103.
104. Federal Reserve System
• Controls the U.S. money supply and the
availability of credit in the country
• One of President Wilson’s most enduring
achievements
• We use this same system today as the basis of
the nation’s banking system
105. • 17th, 18th and 19th Amendments were passed
during his term
– Direct election of senators(1913)
– Prohibition(1919)
– Women’s Vote(1920)
*Led US during Mexican Crisis and WWI
**Developed Missionary Diplomacy
*African-Americans were for the most part ignored by
Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson and the Progressive Movement
*Wilson reinstated segregation in Washington D.C. and
also started segregation in the US military.
106.
107. The Twilight of Progressivism
• Roosevelt, Taft, and the early part of
Wilson’s presidencies marked the golden
age of Progressivism within the United
States
• Question: Do you think the progressives
accomplished very much?
• World War I would dominate Wilson’s 2nd
term and brought Progressivism to an end