This chapter discusses e-business and e-commerce. It defines electronic commerce and e-business, and describes different types of e-commerce transactions including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. It also outlines major e-commerce applications such as e-tailing, online advertising, and e-government. Additionally, it covers e-commerce support services including electronic payments and logistics, as well as security and legal issues related to e-commerce.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 4 of the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology" by Turban, Rainer and Potter. It discusses network computing and how the internet enables discovery, communication and collaboration. Discovery involves accessing online information through browsing, searching and software agents. Communication can be asynchronous through email or synchronous via chat rooms or voice. Collaboration is supported by virtual teams and technologies that allow partners to work together remotely. Intranets and extranets also facilitate information sharing and partnerships within and between organizations.
This chapter discusses enterprise systems and supply chain management. It covers topics like enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM), and how information technology supports integrating activities along the supply chain. The chapter also addresses problems in managing supply chains like uncertainties and the bullwhip effect, and presents solutions like information sharing, vendor-managed inventory, and collaboration. It describes computerized systems that helped solve supply chain problems, like MRP, MRPII, and how ERP software integrates planning across the entire enterprise.
This chapter discusses interorganizational and global information systems. It defines interorganizational systems as those that support information flow between two or more organizations. It also discusses how global information systems connect companies across borders and some of the issues in designing them, such as cultural and legal differences. The chapter then covers specific topics like business-to-business exchanges, electronic data interchange, extranets, and implementation challenges for interorganizational systems.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to e-commerce and digital markets. It begins with learning objectives and then defines topics like digital goods, different e-commerce models (B2B, B2C, C2C), revenue models, and how e-commerce has transformed marketing and business transactions. It also discusses the growth of mobile commerce and important applications. Additional sections cover issues to consider when building an e-commerce presence and how management information systems can benefit one's career. Videos and interactive examples are provided to help illustrate major concepts.
Introduction E-Business & Digital TransformationFrank Wiedemann
The document provides an overview of e-business and digital transformation. It defines e-business and outlines some key aspects of digital transformation, including the growth of the internet of things and how digital platforms can disrupt traditional businesses. It also discusses different e-business models and examples of industries that have been disrupted by new digital technologies and new types of companies.
This document discusses electronic commerce (EC) and IT-enabled services. It defines different types of EC like B2B, B2C, and B2E. It describes the benefits of EC for organizations and consumers, including expanding markets and reducing costs. It also outlines some technical and non-technical limitations of EC, such as security issues, high development costs, and lack of trust from users. The document provides an overview of how EC transforms businesses and suggests companies integrate EC into their operations through strategies like using intranets and connecting to e-marketplaces.
This document provides an overview of e-business management and strategy. It defines e-business and e-commerce, and discusses how businesses have transformed from the old economy to the new digital economy. Key aspects of e-business include types of e-business models, the growth of e-commerce, and how technology has impacted business functions and decisions. Developing an e-business strategy involves formulation, implementation, and evaluation.
E-business refers to businesses that operate online or use internet technologies. The most common implementation is an online storefront to reach more customers than a physical store. An e-business may also use e-procurement to acquire wholesale supplies online at lower costs. While e-business provides advantages like wider reach and lower costs, disadvantages include sector limitations for some industries like perishable food products, and high costs of implementation and maintenance of online systems and infrastructure.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 4 of the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology" by Turban, Rainer and Potter. It discusses network computing and how the internet enables discovery, communication and collaboration. Discovery involves accessing online information through browsing, searching and software agents. Communication can be asynchronous through email or synchronous via chat rooms or voice. Collaboration is supported by virtual teams and technologies that allow partners to work together remotely. Intranets and extranets also facilitate information sharing and partnerships within and between organizations.
This chapter discusses enterprise systems and supply chain management. It covers topics like enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM), and how information technology supports integrating activities along the supply chain. The chapter also addresses problems in managing supply chains like uncertainties and the bullwhip effect, and presents solutions like information sharing, vendor-managed inventory, and collaboration. It describes computerized systems that helped solve supply chain problems, like MRP, MRPII, and how ERP software integrates planning across the entire enterprise.
This chapter discusses interorganizational and global information systems. It defines interorganizational systems as those that support information flow between two or more organizations. It also discusses how global information systems connect companies across borders and some of the issues in designing them, such as cultural and legal differences. The chapter then covers specific topics like business-to-business exchanges, electronic data interchange, extranets, and implementation challenges for interorganizational systems.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to e-commerce and digital markets. It begins with learning objectives and then defines topics like digital goods, different e-commerce models (B2B, B2C, C2C), revenue models, and how e-commerce has transformed marketing and business transactions. It also discusses the growth of mobile commerce and important applications. Additional sections cover issues to consider when building an e-commerce presence and how management information systems can benefit one's career. Videos and interactive examples are provided to help illustrate major concepts.
Introduction E-Business & Digital TransformationFrank Wiedemann
The document provides an overview of e-business and digital transformation. It defines e-business and outlines some key aspects of digital transformation, including the growth of the internet of things and how digital platforms can disrupt traditional businesses. It also discusses different e-business models and examples of industries that have been disrupted by new digital technologies and new types of companies.
This document discusses electronic commerce (EC) and IT-enabled services. It defines different types of EC like B2B, B2C, and B2E. It describes the benefits of EC for organizations and consumers, including expanding markets and reducing costs. It also outlines some technical and non-technical limitations of EC, such as security issues, high development costs, and lack of trust from users. The document provides an overview of how EC transforms businesses and suggests companies integrate EC into their operations through strategies like using intranets and connecting to e-marketplaces.
This document provides an overview of e-business management and strategy. It defines e-business and e-commerce, and discusses how businesses have transformed from the old economy to the new digital economy. Key aspects of e-business include types of e-business models, the growth of e-commerce, and how technology has impacted business functions and decisions. Developing an e-business strategy involves formulation, implementation, and evaluation.
E-business refers to businesses that operate online or use internet technologies. The most common implementation is an online storefront to reach more customers than a physical store. An e-business may also use e-procurement to acquire wholesale supplies online at lower costs. While e-business provides advantages like wider reach and lower costs, disadvantages include sector limitations for some industries like perishable food products, and high costs of implementation and maintenance of online systems and infrastructure.
The document provides information on e-commerce and e-business models. It defines e-commerce as buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. E-business is broader and includes using technology to improve business processes internally and externally. Some common e-commerce models discussed are the storefront model, marketplace model, information model, and community model. The storefront model involves companies selling directly through an online storefront, while the marketplace model involves retailers selling through larger marketplaces like Amazon.
This document discusses electronic commerce and online marketing. It begins by describing different types of e-commerce models and transactions. It then explains that most e-commerce applications are business-to-consumer (B2C) because it started with retailers moving online like catalogues and shopping channels. The document also differentiates between e-business and e-commerce. It outlines major issues organizations face with e-commerce and provides a framework with five pillars - people, public policy, marketing, supply services, and business partnerships - to implement e-commerce applications. It describes supporting e-commerce with services, processes, and markets. Finally, it compares traditional versus internet advertising and discusses issues in online marketing.
- Integrating the businesses could create synergies by sharing resources and leveraging existing customer relationships, but may also introduce complexity
- Keeping the businesses separate allows them to develop customized strategies for different customer segments and market dynamics
- The core competencies, target customers, product offerings, and business models of the traditional vs Internet business should be evaluated to determine the best organizational structure
- An integrated structure may be preferable if there are significant overlaps, while separate structures work better for businesses with different competencies, customers, or markets
E-business refers to conducting business electronically and integrating technology like the internet to streamline processes. In the late 1990s, many companies rushed to adopt e-business due to hype, but costs were high and customers were still uncomfortable using the internet. This led to the dot-com crash. Now, internet penetration is higher, costs are lower, and companies have refined their e-business models. E-business allows for speed, convenience, customization and new ways of defining product value compared to traditional business. The key benefits are cost reduction, increased sales, improved customer service and expanded markets.
This document provides an overview and introduction to e-commerce. It discusses the growth of e-commerce and social commerce platforms like Facebook. Key topics covered include the definitions of e-commerce and e-business, the unique features of e-commerce technology, types of e-commerce transactions, and the history and evolution of e-commerce from its origins in the 1990s to the present day. The document also examines some potential limitations on the growth of e-commerce and makes predictions for its future expansion across commercial activities.
Electronic business, or e-business, refers to the application of information technologies to support business processes across the entire value chain. This includes electronic purchasing, processing orders, customer service, and business partnerships. Special technical standards facilitate exchange of data between companies. Common e-business models include e-shops, e-commerce sites, e-procurement, e-malls, and others. E-business can be classified based on who is providing and consuming, such as business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and others. Key security concerns for e-business include privacy, authenticity, data integrity, and access control. Common security measures involve physical security, data storage, transmission protection, and system administration.
This document discusses the key factors affecting the growth and development of e-commerce. It identifies political, economic, social and technological factors as the main influencers. Political factors include government legislation and initiatives to support e-commerce. Economic factors incorporate the overall wealth and commercial health of a nation. Social factors involve things like education, income levels and lifestyle changes. Technological development, especially in information and communication technologies, is also a primary driver by making transactions more efficient.
This document is a chapter from an introduction to e-business and e-commerce textbook. It defines key terms like e-business and e-commerce and discusses the reasons for their adoption. It also outlines some of the management issues organizations face when implementing e-business and e-commerce strategies and lists potential risks. Examples of major companies in different e-commerce categories are provided to illustrate various models.
Chapter 1/ Overview of Electronic Commerce Technology of E-BusinessEyad Almasri
The document provides an overview of electronic commerce (EC), defining key terms like EC, e-business, and different EC models. It describes the content and framework of EC, including classifications of transactions between businesses, consumers, and governments. The document also discusses e-commerce 2.0 concepts like social commerce and virtual worlds, as well as the digital economy and how organizations can support EC. It covers EC business models, benefits and limitations, and concludes with a high-level summary.
This document is from a textbook on e-commerce and discusses various e-commerce business models and concepts. It provides examples of different business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce models including online distributors, e-procurement companies, exchanges, consortia, private networks, and more. It also discusses how e-commerce has impacted industry structure, value chains, and business strategy. A case study on Priceline.com's business model challenges is presented at the end.
The document discusses e-commerce and how the internet has changed business models and transactions. It describes the unique features of e-commerce like ubiquity, global reach, and personalization. It also discusses different types of e-commerce like B2C, B2B, and C2C. Digital markets and goods are explained along with how the internet lowers costs. Various business models used in e-commerce are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to the topic of e-commerce. It begins with definitions of key terms like e-commerce, e-business, and the digital economy. E-commerce is defined as conducting business transactions electronically over computer networks like the internet. It involves activities like online shopping, business-to-business transactions, marketing, and more. The document then discusses some of the technical and economic challenges of doing business electronically.
The document discusses the origins and growth of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet began as a US Defense Department network and then expanded to academic and research institutions. The development of HTML, Web browsers, and graphical user interfaces allowed the World Wide Web to emerge and gain widespread popularity in the 1990s. The Internet uses packet switching and protocols like TCP/IP to transmit data between networked computers.
The document discusses business-to-business online strategies and electronic commerce technologies. It covers how businesses use electronic data interchange (EDI) and the internet to improve purchasing, logistics, and other support activities. Specifically, it describes how EDI works by allowing businesses to exchange standardized electronic documents and how value-added networks facilitate EDI communications between trading partners. The chapter also addresses electronic marketplaces, supply chain management, and how governments are using e-commerce technologies.
This document provides an introduction to e-commerce, including definitions, types, and frameworks. It defines commerce and e-commerce, discusses different definitions of e-commerce, and outlines the scopes and benefits. It also describes types of e-commerce like B2C, B2B, C2C, and frameworks like Kalakota and Whinston's four building blocks and two supporting pillars. Overall, the document serves as a comprehensive overview of the key concepts and models relating to e-commerce.
This document provides an overview of electronic commerce. It defines electronic commerce and distinguishes between electronic markets and inter-organizational systems. The benefits of electronic commerce are described for organizations, consumers, and society, while also noting some technical and non-technical limitations. Driving forces behind the widespread adoption of electronic commerce are discussed, including business pressures from competition and new technologies. Major changes to organizations and business models expected due to electronic commerce are also outlined.
E-governance refers to the use of information technologies like websites, mobile applications, and other digital tools to improve access to government services and information. This document discusses several key aspects of e-governance including theoretical background, issues, evolution and models.
It provides context that e-governance aims to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability in government. Theoretical discussions of e-governance date back to the 1970s, while the term emerged in the late 1990s. Issues discussed include technological challenges, funding issues, and risks like loss of privacy and accessibility concerns.
Models of e-governance outlined include broadcasting of public information, disseminating critical data to target groups, comparative
This document provides an introduction to eBusiness, including definitions of key terms, facts and statistics about eBusiness usage, challenges, and the future outlook. It defines eBusiness as using digital tools for both internal and external business purposes, including eCommerce (online selling), eMarketing, and social media. Facts presented include that 80% of Finns use the internet daily, over 25% of global tourists share experiences online, and eCommerce sales will reach $4 trillion by 2020. Challenges include low conversion rates, internationalization difficulties, and engaging customers. The future is predicted to include continued growth, blurred online/offline boundaries, increased personalization and automation through AI.
A systematic approach is required to build a successful e-commerce presence. This involves planning, system analysis, design, building, testing, implementing and maintaining the system. Key steps include defining business objectives, choosing appropriate technology and infrastructure, and testing the system thoroughly. Ongoing optimization and maintenance by a dedicated team is also important for long-term success.
This document provides the syllabus for the course "E-Commerce and Governance (IT-721)" taught at Technocrats Institute of Technology in Bhopal, India. The syllabus covers 5 units: (1) Introduction to e-commerce including models, history and legal environment, (2) Electronic payment systems, (3) E-government and models, (4) E-readiness and applications, and (5) E-government security. The course aims to provide students an understanding of e-commerce and e-governance concepts, applications, benefits and issues.
This document summarizes Chapter 10 from the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology" by Turban, Rainer and Potter. The chapter discusses managerial support systems, including decision support systems, executive support systems, and intelligent systems like expert systems and artificial neural networks. It describes how these systems can help managers with decision making, capturing expertise, and analyzing large amounts of data.
This chapter discusses mobile, wireless, and pervasive computing. It covers topics such as mobile computing and commerce, wireless local area networks, mobile applications in areas like financial services and shopping, location-based computing, and pervasive computing. The chapter aims to describe the characteristics, benefits, and uses of these technologies, as well as discuss inhibitors and barriers to their adoption. It is based on a textbook chapter on this subject and is intended to provide an overview and outline of the key concepts and sections covered.
The document provides information on e-commerce and e-business models. It defines e-commerce as buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. E-business is broader and includes using technology to improve business processes internally and externally. Some common e-commerce models discussed are the storefront model, marketplace model, information model, and community model. The storefront model involves companies selling directly through an online storefront, while the marketplace model involves retailers selling through larger marketplaces like Amazon.
This document discusses electronic commerce and online marketing. It begins by describing different types of e-commerce models and transactions. It then explains that most e-commerce applications are business-to-consumer (B2C) because it started with retailers moving online like catalogues and shopping channels. The document also differentiates between e-business and e-commerce. It outlines major issues organizations face with e-commerce and provides a framework with five pillars - people, public policy, marketing, supply services, and business partnerships - to implement e-commerce applications. It describes supporting e-commerce with services, processes, and markets. Finally, it compares traditional versus internet advertising and discusses issues in online marketing.
- Integrating the businesses could create synergies by sharing resources and leveraging existing customer relationships, but may also introduce complexity
- Keeping the businesses separate allows them to develop customized strategies for different customer segments and market dynamics
- The core competencies, target customers, product offerings, and business models of the traditional vs Internet business should be evaluated to determine the best organizational structure
- An integrated structure may be preferable if there are significant overlaps, while separate structures work better for businesses with different competencies, customers, or markets
E-business refers to conducting business electronically and integrating technology like the internet to streamline processes. In the late 1990s, many companies rushed to adopt e-business due to hype, but costs were high and customers were still uncomfortable using the internet. This led to the dot-com crash. Now, internet penetration is higher, costs are lower, and companies have refined their e-business models. E-business allows for speed, convenience, customization and new ways of defining product value compared to traditional business. The key benefits are cost reduction, increased sales, improved customer service and expanded markets.
This document provides an overview and introduction to e-commerce. It discusses the growth of e-commerce and social commerce platforms like Facebook. Key topics covered include the definitions of e-commerce and e-business, the unique features of e-commerce technology, types of e-commerce transactions, and the history and evolution of e-commerce from its origins in the 1990s to the present day. The document also examines some potential limitations on the growth of e-commerce and makes predictions for its future expansion across commercial activities.
Electronic business, or e-business, refers to the application of information technologies to support business processes across the entire value chain. This includes electronic purchasing, processing orders, customer service, and business partnerships. Special technical standards facilitate exchange of data between companies. Common e-business models include e-shops, e-commerce sites, e-procurement, e-malls, and others. E-business can be classified based on who is providing and consuming, such as business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and others. Key security concerns for e-business include privacy, authenticity, data integrity, and access control. Common security measures involve physical security, data storage, transmission protection, and system administration.
This document discusses the key factors affecting the growth and development of e-commerce. It identifies political, economic, social and technological factors as the main influencers. Political factors include government legislation and initiatives to support e-commerce. Economic factors incorporate the overall wealth and commercial health of a nation. Social factors involve things like education, income levels and lifestyle changes. Technological development, especially in information and communication technologies, is also a primary driver by making transactions more efficient.
This document is a chapter from an introduction to e-business and e-commerce textbook. It defines key terms like e-business and e-commerce and discusses the reasons for their adoption. It also outlines some of the management issues organizations face when implementing e-business and e-commerce strategies and lists potential risks. Examples of major companies in different e-commerce categories are provided to illustrate various models.
Chapter 1/ Overview of Electronic Commerce Technology of E-BusinessEyad Almasri
The document provides an overview of electronic commerce (EC), defining key terms like EC, e-business, and different EC models. It describes the content and framework of EC, including classifications of transactions between businesses, consumers, and governments. The document also discusses e-commerce 2.0 concepts like social commerce and virtual worlds, as well as the digital economy and how organizations can support EC. It covers EC business models, benefits and limitations, and concludes with a high-level summary.
This document is from a textbook on e-commerce and discusses various e-commerce business models and concepts. It provides examples of different business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce models including online distributors, e-procurement companies, exchanges, consortia, private networks, and more. It also discusses how e-commerce has impacted industry structure, value chains, and business strategy. A case study on Priceline.com's business model challenges is presented at the end.
The document discusses e-commerce and how the internet has changed business models and transactions. It describes the unique features of e-commerce like ubiquity, global reach, and personalization. It also discusses different types of e-commerce like B2C, B2B, and C2C. Digital markets and goods are explained along with how the internet lowers costs. Various business models used in e-commerce are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to the topic of e-commerce. It begins with definitions of key terms like e-commerce, e-business, and the digital economy. E-commerce is defined as conducting business transactions electronically over computer networks like the internet. It involves activities like online shopping, business-to-business transactions, marketing, and more. The document then discusses some of the technical and economic challenges of doing business electronically.
The document discusses the origins and growth of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet began as a US Defense Department network and then expanded to academic and research institutions. The development of HTML, Web browsers, and graphical user interfaces allowed the World Wide Web to emerge and gain widespread popularity in the 1990s. The Internet uses packet switching and protocols like TCP/IP to transmit data between networked computers.
The document discusses business-to-business online strategies and electronic commerce technologies. It covers how businesses use electronic data interchange (EDI) and the internet to improve purchasing, logistics, and other support activities. Specifically, it describes how EDI works by allowing businesses to exchange standardized electronic documents and how value-added networks facilitate EDI communications between trading partners. The chapter also addresses electronic marketplaces, supply chain management, and how governments are using e-commerce technologies.
This document provides an introduction to e-commerce, including definitions, types, and frameworks. It defines commerce and e-commerce, discusses different definitions of e-commerce, and outlines the scopes and benefits. It also describes types of e-commerce like B2C, B2B, C2C, and frameworks like Kalakota and Whinston's four building blocks and two supporting pillars. Overall, the document serves as a comprehensive overview of the key concepts and models relating to e-commerce.
This document provides an overview of electronic commerce. It defines electronic commerce and distinguishes between electronic markets and inter-organizational systems. The benefits of electronic commerce are described for organizations, consumers, and society, while also noting some technical and non-technical limitations. Driving forces behind the widespread adoption of electronic commerce are discussed, including business pressures from competition and new technologies. Major changes to organizations and business models expected due to electronic commerce are also outlined.
E-governance refers to the use of information technologies like websites, mobile applications, and other digital tools to improve access to government services and information. This document discusses several key aspects of e-governance including theoretical background, issues, evolution and models.
It provides context that e-governance aims to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability in government. Theoretical discussions of e-governance date back to the 1970s, while the term emerged in the late 1990s. Issues discussed include technological challenges, funding issues, and risks like loss of privacy and accessibility concerns.
Models of e-governance outlined include broadcasting of public information, disseminating critical data to target groups, comparative
This document provides an introduction to eBusiness, including definitions of key terms, facts and statistics about eBusiness usage, challenges, and the future outlook. It defines eBusiness as using digital tools for both internal and external business purposes, including eCommerce (online selling), eMarketing, and social media. Facts presented include that 80% of Finns use the internet daily, over 25% of global tourists share experiences online, and eCommerce sales will reach $4 trillion by 2020. Challenges include low conversion rates, internationalization difficulties, and engaging customers. The future is predicted to include continued growth, blurred online/offline boundaries, increased personalization and automation through AI.
A systematic approach is required to build a successful e-commerce presence. This involves planning, system analysis, design, building, testing, implementing and maintaining the system. Key steps include defining business objectives, choosing appropriate technology and infrastructure, and testing the system thoroughly. Ongoing optimization and maintenance by a dedicated team is also important for long-term success.
This document provides the syllabus for the course "E-Commerce and Governance (IT-721)" taught at Technocrats Institute of Technology in Bhopal, India. The syllabus covers 5 units: (1) Introduction to e-commerce including models, history and legal environment, (2) Electronic payment systems, (3) E-government and models, (4) E-readiness and applications, and (5) E-government security. The course aims to provide students an understanding of e-commerce and e-governance concepts, applications, benefits and issues.
This document summarizes Chapter 10 from the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology" by Turban, Rainer and Potter. The chapter discusses managerial support systems, including decision support systems, executive support systems, and intelligent systems like expert systems and artificial neural networks. It describes how these systems can help managers with decision making, capturing expertise, and analyzing large amounts of data.
This chapter discusses mobile, wireless, and pervasive computing. It covers topics such as mobile computing and commerce, wireless local area networks, mobile applications in areas like financial services and shopping, location-based computing, and pervasive computing. The chapter aims to describe the characteristics, benefits, and uses of these technologies, as well as discuss inhibitors and barriers to their adoption. It is based on a textbook chapter on this subject and is intended to provide an overview and outline of the key concepts and sections covered.
This document summarizes Chapter 7 from the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology" by Turban, Rainer and Potter. The chapter discusses functional information systems including transaction processing systems, management information systems, and how information technology supports accounting, finance, marketing, sales, production, operations and logistics functions. It also covers integrating these functional information systems and managing the flow of information between the different functions.
This chapter discusses ethical issues related to information technology, the impacts of IT on organizations and individuals, societal effects, security risks and computer crimes, and methods for protecting information resources. It covers topics such as privacy, intellectual property, how IT affects job content and organizational structure, the digital divide, and security measures like controls, backups, and disaster recovery planning. The learning objectives are to understand these various topics related to IT ethics, impacts, security, and methods for protecting information.
This document provides an overview of information technology and its role in business. It discusses how IT helps companies respond to various pressures and gain competitive advantages. Specifically, it describes how IT supports organizational responses to market pressures like competition, technology pressures like innovation, and societal pressures like regulations. It also defines strategic information systems and competitive advantage, and introduces Porter's five forces model for analyzing competitiveness.
This document provides an overview of the key topics and learning objectives covered in the chapter on computer hardware from the textbook "Introduction to Information Technology". The chapter outlines hardware components like the central processing unit, computer memory including primary and secondary storage, the evolution of computer hardware, the hierarchy of computer systems, and input/output technologies. It also discusses trends in hardware and strategic issues related to linking hardware design with business needs.
This chapter discusses managing organizational data and information. It covers the traditional file environment and its problems, how databases provide a modern approach, database management systems, and logical data models including hierarchical, network and relational models. The key topics are data arrangement, traditional file problems like redundancy and inconsistency, how databases solve these with concepts like entities and relationships, data definition and manipulation languages, and the advantages of relational modeling.
This chapter discusses data and knowledge management. It covers topics like data warehousing, business intelligence, data mining, data visualization technologies, and knowledge management. The key points are:
1) Data management is critical for IT applications but difficult due to increasing data volumes, scattered sources, and quality/integrity issues.
2) A data warehouse contains subject-oriented historical data from multiple sources organized for analysis. It aids decision making through queries, reports, analytics and mining.
3) Business intelligence uses tools like querying, reporting, analytics, mining and forecasting to extract knowledge and support decisions from corporate data.
4) Data visualization technologies include GIS, simulations, virtual reality and multimedia to present data visually
This chapter discusses data and knowledge management. It covers topics such as data warehousing, business intelligence, data mining, knowledge management, and how various technologies can be used to manage data and knowledge. The key points are:
- Data management is critical for IT applications and involves issues around data quality, collection, analysis, and security.
- Data warehousing involves collecting and organizing data from various sources to support analysis and decision-making.
- Business intelligence uses tools like reporting, data mining and analytics to discover patterns and insights from data.
- Knowledge management aims to identify, share and apply knowledge within an organization using technologies like collaboration tools, knowledge repositories and artificial intelligence.
This chapter discusses acquiring and implementing IT systems. It covers:
1) Planning and justifying systems by exploring needs, justifying costs/benefits, and creating an application portfolio.
2) Major acquisition options like buying off-the-shelf, leasing, in-house development, and outsourcing to application service providers.
3) Implementation issues like selecting vendors, integrating applications, and connecting to databases and networks.
This document is the first chapter of a textbook on information technology. It introduces key concepts of the digital economy including e-business, networked computing, and information systems. It describes business pressures from markets, technology, and society that organizations face and how they respond through strategies like customer relationship management, build-to-order production, and virtual corporations. These responses are supported by information technology. The chapter also covers competitive advantage, strategic information systems, and Porter's five forces model for analyzing competitiveness.
This chapter discusses information systems concepts and the evolution of information technology. It describes how information systems have developed from early transaction processing systems to today's enterprise systems and knowledge management tools. The chapter also outlines different ways of classifying information systems, such as by organizational level or breadth of support. It explains key computing environment models including legacy systems, client/server architecture, and distributed computing. The chapter provides an overview of information systems concepts and issues to help readers understand the role of IT in organizations.
This document is the first chapter of a textbook on information technology. It introduces key concepts of the digital economy including e-business, networked computing, and information systems. It describes business pressures from markets, technology, and society that organizations face and how they respond through strategies like customer relationship management, build-to-order production, and virtual corporations. These responses are supported by information technology. The chapter also covers competitive advantage, strategic information systems, and Porter's five forces model for analyzing competitiveness.
The document discusses electronic commerce and its applications. It describes how Intel Corporation embraced electronic commerce to enhance customer service and internal business processes. It defines different types of electronic commerce like business-to-business and business-to-consumer. It also discusses the benefits of electronic commerce to organizations, consumers and society. Finally, it describes some technical and non-technical limitations of electronic commerce.
The document discusses topics related to e-business and e-commerce including an overview of key concepts, different types of e-commerce models like B2C and B2B, electronic payment methods, and ethical and legal issues. It also outlines the chapter sections which cover these topics in further detail.
This document summarizes key points from Chapter 6 of the textbook "Introduction to Information Systems" regarding e-business and e-commerce. It defines electronic commerce and different types including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer. It also outlines major e-commerce mechanisms like auctions and storefronts. Additionally, it discusses benefits and limitations of e-commerce as well as ethical and legal issues related to online business.
4-1Chapter 41Electronic Business E-Commerce and E.docxtamicawaysmith
4-1
Chapter 4
1
Electronic Business: E-Commerce and E-Government
Describe different business models used to compete in cyberspace as well as different forms of electronic government.
Business-to-Consumer E-Commerce
Describe business-to-consumer electronic commerce strategies.
Understand the keys to successful electronic commerce Web sites, and explain the different forms of Internet marketing.
Electronic Commerce Websites and Internet Marketing
Mobile Commerce, Consumer-to-Consumer EC, and Consumer-to-Business EC
Describe mobile commerce, consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce, and consumer-to-business electronic commerce.
Managing Finances and Navigating Legal Issues in EC
Describe how to conduct financial transactions and navigate the legal issues of electronic commerce.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Electronic Commerce Defined
Most Common Types of E-Commerce
E-Government
1-2
Electronic Commerce Defined
Electronic Commerce
“the exchange of goods, services, and money among firms, between firms and their customers, and between customers, supported by communication technologies and, in particular, the Internet”
Electronic Commerce occurs when any aspect of the transaction is facilitated by Electronic Communication Technologies.
We typically think of the Internet, which is where the vast majority of Electronic Commerce takes place.
Exchanges can involve consumer, businesses, and the government where any of these can be the buyer, the seller, or both.
3
Most Common Types of E-Commerce
4-4Type of ECDescriptionBusiness-to-consumer (B2C)Transactions between businesses
and their customersBusiness-to-business (B2B)Transactions among businessesConsumer-to-business (C2B)Transactions between customers
and businessesConsumer-to-consumer (C2C)Transactions between people not
necessarily working togetherGovernment-to-citizen (G2C)Transactions between a
government and its citizensGovernment-to-business (G2B)Transactions between a
government and businessesGovernment-to-government (G2G)Transactions among governments
There are many types of Electronic Commerce, based on who is interacting or selling to whom.
Business to Consumer is Businesses selling to Consumers; Consumer to Business is Consumers selling to Businesses.
E-Government
4-5
Government-to-Citizens
Government-to-Business
Government-to-Government
Governments use e-Government to increase efficiency and effectiveness much like businesses do.
By reducing paperwork and allowing for the electronic dissemination of information and the automated processing of transactions, governments can significantly reduce operating costs while increasing services.
Examples of this might include the electronic filing of income tax returns, the online filing of business license applications, or the ability to share data electronically between different law enforcement agencies.
4-6
Chapter 4
6
Electronic Business: E-Commerce and E-Government
Descr ...
This document provides an overview of key concepts and applications of e-commerce. It begins by defining electronic commerce and business, describing the history and scope of e-commerce. It then discusses major types of e-commerce like business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), and e-government. The document also outlines the benefits and limitations of e-commerce, common mechanisms like auctions, and emerging areas such as mobile commerce. It concludes by examining legal and ethical issues in e-commerce.
The document discusses the benefits of electronic business (e-business) and information technology. It defines e-business and e-commerce, outlines the objectives of an e-business course, and describes various types and applications of e-business including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and inter-organizational systems. It also summarizes the benefits of e-business for organizations, consumers, and society such as reduced costs, increased market reach, improved customer service, and more choices for consumers.
The document discusses electronic commerce or e-commerce. It provides 3 key points:
1. E-commerce involves the buying and selling of products and services over electronic systems like the internet and has grown significantly with widespread internet usage.
2. Early e-commerce developments included EDI, EFT, credit cards, and airline reservation systems in the 1970s-1980s, with the internet fueling further growth from the 1990s onward.
3. Current e-commerce encompasses various models (B2C, B2B, C2C, etc.), applications, government regulations, and global trends, and has significantly impacted markets and retailers.
CHAPTER 7E-Commerce Applications and IssuesCHAP.docxrobertad6
CHAPTER 7
E-Commerce: Applications and Issues
CHAPTER OUTLINE
7.1 Overview of E-Business & E-Commerce
7.2 Business-to-Consumer (B2C) E-Commerce
7.3 Business-to-Business (B2B) E-Commerce
7.4 Electronic Payments
7.5 Ethical and Legal Issues in E-Business
7.1 Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
The dot-com era
Over 3 billion people are now connected to the
Internet
More than 130 million people are buying online
E-commerce began in 1995
Marketplace → Marketspace
*
Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
E-Commerce (EC): describes the process of buying, selling, transferring or exchanging of products, services or information via computer networks, including the Internet.
E-business: is a broader definition of EC, including
buying and selling of goods and services
servicing customers
collaborating with partners
conducting e-learning
conducting electronic transactions within an organization.
*
Pure versus Partial EC depends on the degree of digitization involved:The product can be physical or digital.The process can be physical or digital.The delivery agent can be physical or digital
Brick-and-mortar: purely physical organizations
Click-and-mortar: organizations are those that conduct some EC activities, yet their business is primarily done in the physical world [multichannneling]
Pure Play: organizations that are engaged only in EC
Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
*
Bricks and Mortar, Partial EC, and Pure EC
Buy books at Family Bookshop
bricks and mortar
Order physical book from Amazon:
partial EC
Order and download book from Amazon: pure EC
Types of E-Commerce
Business-to-Consumer (B2C): the sellers are organizations and the buyers are individuals
Business-to-Business (B2B): both the sellers and buyers are business organizations
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): both the sellers and buyers are individuals
*
Types of E-Commerce
Business-to-Employee (B2E): An organization uses e-commerce internally to provide information and services to its employees.
E-Government (E-Gov.): the use of Internet technology to deliver information about public services to citizens (Government-to-Citizen [G2C]), business partners and suppliers (called government-to-business [G2B]) and between governments [G2G].
Mobile Commerce (m-commerce): e-commerce that is conducted using a mobile phone
*
E-Commerce Business ModelsOnline Direct Marketing: manufacturers sell directly to
customers
Electronic Tendering System: businesses (or governments) request quotation from suppliers [uses B2B or G2B] -[Example: e-tendering The Tender Board ]
E-auction – an auction which is held over the Internet
www.ebay.com
Forward Auction: the highest bidder wins the auction
Reverse Auction: the lowest bidder wins the auction
*
E-Commerce Business ModelsName-your-own-price: customers decide how much they want to pay www.priceline.com
Find-the-best-price: customers specify a need and an intermediary comp.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. It has grown rapidly due to features such as ubiquity, global reach, and personalization. E-commerce provides benefits to organizations such as reduced costs and expanded markets, and benefits consumers with increased choice, lower prices, and convenience of shopping anytime from anywhere. While early visions predicted frictionless commerce and perfect competition, information asymmetries and intermediaries remain, and fast followers often overtake first movers. The future of e-commerce likely involves its propagation through all commerce and the continued dominance of traditional, integrated online/offline companies.
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It begins by defining e-business as the conduct of business processes on the internet, including buying and selling products, servicing customers, and processing payments. E-commerce is defined as business transactions that take place over telecommunication networks, especially the internet. The document then discusses the history of e-commerce and various e-commerce business models including B2B, B2C, C2C, C2B, B2G, G2B, and G2C. It covers advantages and disadvantages of these models. The document also compares traditional commerce to e-commerce and lists features of e-commerce technology. In closing, it summarizes
The document discusses various aspects of e-business including e-procurement, e-tourism, e-retailing, e-marketing, e-business models, storefront models, auction models, portal models, bartering models, elements of e-business solutions, e-CRM, e-ERP, e-SCM, e-commerce, e-commerce models, e-auctions, types of e-auctions including English auctions, Dutch auctions, sealed-bid auctions, reverse auctions, first-price sealed-bid auctions, Vickrey auctions, and group buying auctions. It provides definitions and explanations of these key terms related to digital business practices and online transactions.
This document is a project report submitted by Irfan Ali, student number 3166516, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Business Administration degree. The report is on the topic of e-commerce and was submitted to the project guide, Sonam Mam, and certified by the examiner at Radha Krishna Institute of Technology & Management. The report includes an acknowledgment, declaration, index and sections on introducing e-commerce, the history and process of e-commerce, types of e-commerce, and the scope, limitations, applications, advantages and impact of e-commerce.
Electronic copy available at httpssrn.comabstract=2161742.docxtoltonkendal
Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2161742
Electronic Commerce Business Models:
A Conceptual Framework
By
Utkarsh Majmudar
Ganesh N. Prabhu
July 2000
Please address all correspondence to:
Prof. Utkarsh Majmudar
Visiting Faculty (Finance & Control Area)
Indian Institute of Management
Bannerghatta Road
Bangalore - 560 076
India
Fax: (080) 6584050
E m a i l ! utkarsh&qimbxmeUn
Copies of the Working Papers may be obtained from the FPM & Research Office
Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2161742
Electronic Commerce Business Models: A Conceptual Framework
Utkarsh Majmudar and Ganesh N. Prabhu
Abstract
The recent boom in the new economy of internet based commerce has created a large
number of firms with a variety of business models that aim to leverage the power of the
internet to further their business goals. In this paper we attempt to provide a
conceptual framework for understanding e-commerce business models on a number of
important dimensions - nature of consumer activity, nature of e-commerce activity,
target customers, targeting strategy, revenue generating modes, procfactfcerwce
delivery modes, payment collection modes, operating modes, market places,
advantage mechanisms and domination characteristics. We also examine means of
improving value proposition and net-friendliness for e-commerce activities and identify
areas where e-commerce models have not been explored or fully exploited so far.
Since the range of economic activities on the internet is vast and growing, newer
models and opportunities are likely to emerge through improvements in internet
technologies as well as innovations in their application to business contexts. Hence
any conceptual framework on e-commerce business models, including our own, can
never be comprehensive.
Electronic Commerce Business Models: A Conceptual Framework - 1 -
Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2161742
Electronic Commerce Business Models: A Conceptual Framework
Introduction
The recent boom in the new economy of internet based commerce has spawned a large
number of firms with a variety of business models that aim to leverage the power of the internet to
further their business goals. This paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding these
business models and their characteristics. The conceptual framework is shown in Figure 1.
Locating Electronic Commerce in the Internet Economy
We define electronic commerce as use of the internet medium for conducting economic
transactions. Electronic commerce is a part of a larger internet economy. Conceptually, the internet
economy can be divided into four layers (Barua etal., 1999). Each layer of the internet economy is
listed below with descriptions of the types of companies and names of some of the actual companies in
each category.
(a) Layer One: The Internet Infrastructure Layer. This layer includes companies with products and
services that help cr.
The document discusses e-commerce, defining it as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks like the internet. It notes that CompuServe, established in 1969, was one of the first significant e-commerce companies. The document outlines the meaning and concept of e-commerce, the needs and advantages it addresses for businesses, and different types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. It also lists basic requirements for developing an e-commerce site such as user friendliness, shopping carts, mobile compatibility, and security.
This document provides an overview of electronic commerce (e-commerce). It defines e-commerce and discusses its various categories and frameworks. The document outlines 10 learning objectives related to understanding e-commerce models, transactions, Web 2.0 applications, the digital world/economy, e-commerce business models, and the benefits, limitations and impacts of e-commerce. It also discusses legal and ethical issues in e-commerce such as privacy, intellectual property, and computer crimes.
The document provides an overview of online/e-commerce. It defines commerce and e-commerce, discusses the history and growth of e-commerce in India. It outlines the various types of e-commerce like B2B, B2C, C2C etc. and explains the process and impact of e-commerce on supply chain management, markets and retailers. It also discusses the pros and cons and future of e-commerce in India.
The document discusses electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce). It outlines various forms of e-commerce like business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). It also describes technologies needed for e-commerce and m-commerce like the wireless application protocol (WAP) and provides examples of applications in areas like retail, manufacturing, and finance. Finally, it discusses advantages and challenges of e-commerce and m-commerce including security, intellectual property theft, and lack of internet access.
This document provides an introduction to electronic business and e-commerce. It defines electronic commerce and electronic business. It describes the unique features of e-commerce, including ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, richness, interactivity, information density, personalization, and social technology. It also discusses e-commerce types, business models, elements of e-business models, internet marketing, benefits and limitations of e-commerce, the e-commerce presence in Bangladesh, and challenges to e-commerce in Bangladesh.
The document discusses several key aspects of e-business infrastructure and security. It describes various electronic payment systems, e-business models including brokerages, e-shops, e-malls, e-auctions, and classifieds. It also outlines important security considerations for e-businesses such as secure payment gateways, data backup, security policies and training, and compliance with privacy regulations. Additionally, it provides an overview of common internet security measures like encryption, authentication, firewalls, and anti-malware software.
This document discusses e-commerce (electronic commerce). It defines e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks, primarily the Internet. It describes the different models of e-commerce including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), business-to-government (B2G), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). It also discusses the necessary technologies and infrastructure to support e-commerce such as networks, web servers, electronic catalogs, and payment systems.
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3. Chapter Outline
Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
Major EC Mechanisms
Business-to-Consumer Applications
Online Advertising
B2B Applications
Intrabusiness and Business-to–Employees
E-Government and Consumer-to-Consumer EC
E-Commerce Support Services
Ethical and Legal Issues in E-Business
Failures and Strategies for Success.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 3
4. Learning Objectives
Describe electronic commerce, its scope, benefits, limitations,
and types.
Understand the basics of how online auction and bartering work.
Describe the major applications of business-to-consumer
commerce, including service industries, and the major issues
faced by e-tailers.
Discuss the importance and activities of online advertising.
Describe business-to-business applications.
Describe intrabusiness and B2E e-commerce
Describe e-government activities and consumer-to-consumer e-commerce
Describe the e-commerce support services, specifically
payments and logistics.
Discuss some ethical and legal issues relating to e-commerce
Describe EC failures and strategies for success.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 4
5. 5.1 Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
Electronic commerce (e-commerce, EC). The
process of buying, selling, transferring, or
exchanging products, services, and/or
information via computer networks, including
the Internet.
E-business. A broader definition of EC,
including buying and selling of goods and
services, and also servicing customers
collaborating e-learning, and conducting
electronic transactions within an organization.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 5
6. Pure versus partial EC
Electronic commerce can take several forms
depending on the degree of digitization- the
transformation from physical to digital- involved. The
degree of digitization can relate to:(1) the product
(service) sold, (2) the process, or (3) the delivery
agent (or intermediary).
In pure EC all dimensions are digital.
If there is at least one digital dimension, we consider
the situation partial EC.
Brick- and-mortar organizations. Organization in
which the product, the process, and the delivery
agent are all physical.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 6
7. Pure vs Partial EC cont…
Virtual organization. Organization in which the
product, the process, and the delivery agent
are all digital; also called pure – play
organization
Click-and– mortar. Organization in which the
product, the process, and the delivery agent
may be physical or digital .
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 7
8. Types of E-Commerce Transactions
Business-to-Business (B2B): E-commerce in
which both the sellers and the buyers are
business organizations.
Collaborative commerce ( c-commerce): E –
commerce in which business partners
collaborate electronically
Business-to-Consumers (B2C): E-commerce
in which the seller are organizations and the
buyers are individual also known as e-tailing.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 8
9. Types of E-Commerce Transaction
cont…
Consumer-to-Consumer(C2C).:E-commerce
in which an individual sells products or
services to other individuals.
Customer -to-Business (C2B).:E-commerce in
which customers make known a particular
need for a product or service, and suppliers
complete to provide the product or service to
consumers .
Intrabusiness( intraorganizational) commerce.
E-commerce in which an organization uses
EC internally to improve its operations.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 9
10. Types of E-commerce cont…
B2E( business to employees) EC: A special case of
intrabusiness e-commerce in which an organization
delivers product or services to its employees.
Government–to–Citizens(G2C): E-commerce in
which a government provide services to its citizen via
EC technologies.
Government-to–business (G2B): E-commerce in
which a government does business with other
governments as well as with businesses.
Mobile Commerce (m-commerce): E-commerce
conducted in a wireless environment.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 10
11. EC Business Model
The major business model of EC are
summarized in Manager’s Checklist 5.1
Business Model. The method by which a
company generates revenues to sustain itself .
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 11
12. The Scope of EC
EC applications are supported by an
infrastructure that includes hardware,
software, and networks, ranging from
browsers to multimedia, and also by five
support areas.
People
Public Policy
Marketing and advertising
Support services
Business Partnerships
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 12
13. Benefits of E-commerce
Benefits to organization:
The availability of natural and international markets,
The decreased cost of processing, distributing, and
retrieving information.
Benefit to customer:
The access to a vast number of products and services,
around the clock.
Benefit to society :
The ability to deliver information, services, and product
to people in cities, in rural areas and in developing
countries.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 13
14. Technological Limitations
The lack of universally accepted security
standards.
Insufficient telecommunication bandwidth.
Expensive accessibility
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 14
15. Nontechnological Limitations
A perception that EC is insecure.
Unresolved legal issue.
A lack of a critical mass of sellers and buyers.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 15
16. A framework for e-commerce
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 16
17. 5.2 Major EC Mechanism
The major mechanisms for buying and selling on the
Internet are electronic catalogs. Electronic auctions,
and online bartering
Electronic Catalogs. Electronic catalogs on CD-ROM
and the Internet have gained popularity. Electronic
catalogs consist of a product database, directory and
search capabilities and a presentation function.
Electronic Auctions (E-auction). A market mechanism
by which sellers place offers and buyers make
sequential bids, and prices are determined
dynamically by competitive bidding.
Electronic battering. The exchange of goods or
services without a monetary transaction.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 17
18. Electronic catalogs can be classified
according to three dimension:
The dynamic of the information
presentation.
The degree of customization.
The degree of integration with other
business process or features.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 18
19. Types of Electronic Auctions:
Forward auction: An auction that sellers use
as a selling channel to many potential buyers;
the highest bidder wins the item.
Reverse auction:: An auction in which one
buyer, usually an organization, seeks to buy a
product or a service, and suppliers submit
bids; most common model for large purchase.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 19
20. 5.3 Business-to-Consumer Applications
Electronic relating (e-tailing): The direct sale of
products and services through electronic storefronts
or electronic malls, usually designed around an
electronic catalog format and/or auctions.
Two popular shopping location online are electronic
storefronts and electronic malls:
Electronic storefront: The website of a single company,
with its own Internet address, at which orders can be
placed.
Electronic malls (cyber mall): A collection of individual
shops under one Internet address.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 20
21. B2C Applications cont…
Cyberbanking. Various banking activities
conducted electronically from home, a
business, or on the road instead of at a
physical bank location.
Virtual bank. A banking institution dedicated
solely to internet transactions.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 21
22. Phases in Customer Service Life Cycle.
Phase 1: Requirement: Assist the customer to
determine needs by providing photographs of a
product, video presentation, textual descriptions,
articles or reviews, sound bites on a CD, and
downloadable demonstration files.
Phase 2: Acquisition: Help the customer to acquire a
product or service.
Phase 3: Ownership: Support the customer on an
ongoing basis
Phase 4: Retirement: Help the client to dispose of a
service or product.
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 22
23. Issues in E-tailing
Resolving channel conflict
Resolving conflicts within click–and-mortar
organizations
Organizing order fulfilment and logistics.
Determining viability and risk of online e-tailers.
Identifying appropriate revenue models
“ Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons IncC.” hapter 5 23
24. 5.4 Online Advertising
Improves traditional forms of advertising in a number of
ways:
can be updated any time at minimal cost
can reach very large numbers of potential buyers all
over the world
sometimes cheaper
can be interactive and targeted to specific interest
groups and / or to individuals.
It makes sense to move advertising to the Internet,
where the number of viewers is growing .
Shortcomings: most of which relate to the difficulty in
measuring the effectiveness and cost-justification of the
ads.
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25. Advertising Method
Banners: Electronic billboards, which typically contain
a short text or graphical message to promote a
product or a vendor.
Keyword banner: Banner advertising that appears
when a predetermined word is queried from a search
engine.
Random banner: Banner advertising that appears
randomly.
Pop-up ad: An advertisement that is automatically
launched by some trigger and appears underneath
the active window.
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26. Some Advertising Issues and Approaches
Unsolicited Advertising: Spamming is the indiscriminate
distribution of electronic ads without permission of the receiver.
Permission marketing: Method of marketing that asks
consumers to give their permission to voluntarily accept online
advertising and e-mail.
Viral Marketing: Virtual marketing refer to online ’’word-of-mouth’’
marketing. The main idea is to have people forward
message to friends, suggesting that they ‘’check this out’’
Interactive Advertising and Marketing: The term interactive
points it the ability to an individual, to gather and remember that
person’s responses, and to serve that customer based on his or
her previous unique responses.
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27. Online Promotions: Attracting Visitors to a site.
Making the top of the list of search engine.
Online events, promotion and attractions.
Online coupons.
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28. 5.5 B2B Applications
In business to business (B2B) applications,
the buyers, sellers, and transactions involve
only organizations
The major models are: sell-side
marketplaces, buy-side marketplaces, and
electronic exchanges.
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29. Major B2B Models
Sell-side marketplace. B2B model in which
organizations sell to other organizations from
their own private e-marketplace and/or from a
third-party site
Buy-side marketplace. B2B model in which
organizations buy needed products or service
from other organizations electronically often
through a reverse auction.
E-procurement. Purchasing by using
electronic support.
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30. Sell-Side Marketplaces
The key mechanisms in the sell–side model
are:
Electronic catalogs that can be customized
for each large buyer and
Forward auctions.
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31. Buy-Side Marketplaces
Group Purchasing: The aggregation of
purchasing orders from many buyers so that a
volume discount can be obtained.
Desktop Purchasing: E-procurement method
in which supplier’s catalogs are aggregated
into an internal master catalog on the buyer’s
server for use by the company’s purchasing
agents.
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32. Four Types of Electronic Exchanges
Public exchanges (exchanges): E-marketplace
in which there are many sellers and many
buyers, and entry is open to all; Frequently
owned and operated by a third party. Four basic
types:
Vertical distributors for direct materials
Vertical exchanges for indirect materials.
Horizontal distributors
Functional exchanges
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33. 5.6 Intrabusiness and Business-to-Employees
Intrabusiness. E- commerce within an
organization (between an organization and its
employees or among business units) .
Business to its Employees (B2E) commerce
E-commerce between and among units within
the business
E-commerce between and among corporate
Employees.
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34. 5.7 E-Government and Consumer-to-Consumer EC
E-government. The use of e-commerce to
deliver information and public services to
citizens, business partners and suppliers of
government entities, and those working in
public sector.
E-government application can be divided into
three major categories; government-to-citizens
(G2C), government–to–business
(G2B), and government-to–government
(G2G).
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35. Customer-to-Consumer(C2C)
E-commerce in which both the buyer and the
seller are individuals (not businesses).
C2C auctions
Classified Ads.
Personal Services.
Support services to C2C
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37. Electronic Payments
Electronic Checks
Electronic Credit Cards
Purchasing Cards
Electronic Cash
Electronic Bill Presentment and Payments
Paying Bills at ATMs.
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38. Three forms of electronic cash
Person- to-Person Payment. A form of e-cash that
enables the transfer of funds between two
individuals, or between an individual and a business,
without the use of a credit card.
Stored-value money card. A form of e-cash on which
a fixed amount of prepaid money is stored, the
amount is reduced each time the card is used.
Smart card. A form of e-cards, that contains a
microprocessor (chip) that enables the card to store a
considerable amount of information and to conduct
processing .
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39. Security in Electronic Payment
Authentication. The buyer, the seller, and the paying
institution must be assured of the identity of the parties with
whom they are dealing.
integrity. It is necessary to ensure that data and information
transmitted in EC, are not accidentally or maliciously altered
or destroyed during transmission.
Nonrepudiation. Merchants need protection against the
customer’s unjustified denial of placing an order. On the
other hand , customers need protection against merchant’s
unjustified denial of payment made. (such denials, of both
types, are called repudiation)
Privacy. Many customers want their identify to be secured.
Safety. Customers want to be sure that it is safe to provide a
credit card number on the Internet.
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40. Security Protection
E-wallets (digital wallets). Mechanisms that
combine security measure and convenience
in EC purchasing.
Virtual credit card. A payment mechanism
that allows a buyer to shop with an ID number
and a password instead of with a credit card
number.
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41. 5.9 Ethical issues in e-business
Privacy
Loss of Jobs
One of the most interesting EC issues relating to loss
of jobs is that of intermediation . Intermediaries
provide two types of services. (1) matching and
providing information and (2) value-added services
such as consulting.
Disintermediation: Elimination of intermediaries in
EC.
Reintermediation: Occurs where intermediaries such
as brokers, who provide value-added services and
expertise, cannot be entirely eliminated from EC.
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42. Legal Issues Specific to E-Commerce
Fraud on the internet
Domain names
Taxes and other fees.
copyright
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43. Tips for Safe Electronic Shopping
Look for reliable brand names at sites like Wal-Mart online, and Amazon.com. Before purchasing,
make sure that the site is authentic by entering the site directly and not from an unverified link
Search any unfamiliar selling site for the company’s address and phone and fax numbers. Call up and
quiz the employee about the seller.
Check out the vendor with the local chamber of commerce or better business bureau (bbbonline.org).
Look for seals of authenticity such as TRUSTe.
Investigate how secure the seller’s site is by examining the security procedure and by reading the
posted privacy notice
Examine the money- back guarantees, warranties, and service agreements.
Compare price to those in regular stores. too.-low prices are too good to be true, and some ‘’catch ‘’
is probably involved.
Ask friends what they know . Find testimonials and endorsements in community sites and well –
known bulletin boarder.
find out what your rights are in case of a dispute . Consult consumer protections agencies and the
national fraud information center (fraud.org)
check consumerworld.org for a listing of useful resources.
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44. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this
work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the United
States Copyright Act without express permission of the
copyright owner is unlawful. Request for information
should be addressed to the permission department, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up
copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or
resale. The publisher assumes no responsibility for error,
omissions, or damages caused by the use of these
programs or from the use of the information herein.
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