Optimized the manifold system for injecting air into the
Mosman Bulk Solids Heat Exchanger (BSHE). The final design considerably reduced manufactoring cost, meanwhile maintaining an even air distribution
CFD modelling of a once through steam generator for optimization of flow dist...R&R Consult
CFD analysis of a Once Through Steam Generator from Innovative Steam Technology with supplementary firing from 5 grid burners from De Jong Combustion. The modelling included detailed models of the grid burners and the super heater. The flow and temperature distribution were optimized for 3 load. The Flow Correctional Devices, FCD, were designed for optimum operational conditions for the grid burners and even temperature distribution upstream the super heater tubes for all three load cases.
www.R-R-Consult.dk
www.linkedin.com/company/R&R-Consult/
Eksempler på anvendelse af (Computational Fluid Dynamics) CFD til kraftværker...R&R Consult
Præsentation af hvor vi har anvendt CFD til design, til bl.a. affaldsforbrændingsanlæg, biomassefyret anlæg, afsvovlingsanlæg (DeSOx) og til DeNOx (SCR)
Flere eksempler www.R-R-Consult.dk
R&R Consult and VODA A/S collaborated to redesign the secondary air supply and introduce water-cooled boiler walls for a waste heat incinerator at RenoSyd I/S. R&R Consult conducted CFD simulations to map the combustion process before and after the rebuild. The simulations included modeling of the fuel and primary air supply, secondary air distribution, heat transfer, and thermal radiation. The results were used to design an improved secondary air supply system and optimize the fuel/air distribution throughout the boiler domain. The model also helped verify that the boiler would meet environmental requirements for complete combustion.
Fired heaters and its auxiliaries are an essential component in the Chemical Process Industries (CPI). Fired heaters are primarily used to heat hydrocarbons. They are one of the major consumers of energy and hence, it is indispensable for such systems to have efficient operation.
Furnace Improvements Services has a specialist CFD team for modelling fired heater systems. We have developed best practices for each of the above cases and have successfully implemented various recommendations from CFD simulations.
Mesh Independence Analysis for a test heater shows that results change with further refinement of mesh. A trade-off has to be made between the accuracy of simulation and the computation time. This analysis comes in handy in such situations which helps in optimising time and effort.
This document summarizes a study that performed a life assessment of a fighter jet engine annular combustor liner using a combined fluid/structural approach. Computational fluid dynamics analyses were conducted to obtain the thermal loading on the combustor liner from the combustion process. Finite element analyses were then performed to calculate the resulting temperature and stress/strain distributions in the liner. A method was developed to analyze a complete measured flight profile with limited computational effort. The creep and fatigue life for a measured flight were calculated and compared to field experience data. While the exact number of cycles to crack initiation was difficult to predict, the locations and directions of cracking correlated well with field data.
This document presents an overview of using GIS data to design a pipeline over varying terrain. It demonstrates how to:
1. Use digital elevation models and satellite imagery in a GIS system to plan the pipeline centerline route and avoid obstructions.
2. Generate a plan view and profile of the pipeline to account for elevation changes along the route.
3. Perform hydraulic analysis of the pipeline considering factors like diameter, pressure, temperature, and water content to optimize the design.
The presentation shows how integrating GIS data improves pipeline design by enabling optimization of the route and hydraulic performance analysis.
CFD modelling of a once through steam generator for optimization of flow dist...R&R Consult
CFD analysis of a Once Through Steam Generator from Innovative Steam Technology with supplementary firing from 5 grid burners from De Jong Combustion. The modelling included detailed models of the grid burners and the super heater. The flow and temperature distribution were optimized for 3 load. The Flow Correctional Devices, FCD, were designed for optimum operational conditions for the grid burners and even temperature distribution upstream the super heater tubes for all three load cases.
www.R-R-Consult.dk
www.linkedin.com/company/R&R-Consult/
Eksempler på anvendelse af (Computational Fluid Dynamics) CFD til kraftværker...R&R Consult
Præsentation af hvor vi har anvendt CFD til design, til bl.a. affaldsforbrændingsanlæg, biomassefyret anlæg, afsvovlingsanlæg (DeSOx) og til DeNOx (SCR)
Flere eksempler www.R-R-Consult.dk
R&R Consult and VODA A/S collaborated to redesign the secondary air supply and introduce water-cooled boiler walls for a waste heat incinerator at RenoSyd I/S. R&R Consult conducted CFD simulations to map the combustion process before and after the rebuild. The simulations included modeling of the fuel and primary air supply, secondary air distribution, heat transfer, and thermal radiation. The results were used to design an improved secondary air supply system and optimize the fuel/air distribution throughout the boiler domain. The model also helped verify that the boiler would meet environmental requirements for complete combustion.
Fired heaters and its auxiliaries are an essential component in the Chemical Process Industries (CPI). Fired heaters are primarily used to heat hydrocarbons. They are one of the major consumers of energy and hence, it is indispensable for such systems to have efficient operation.
Furnace Improvements Services has a specialist CFD team for modelling fired heater systems. We have developed best practices for each of the above cases and have successfully implemented various recommendations from CFD simulations.
Mesh Independence Analysis for a test heater shows that results change with further refinement of mesh. A trade-off has to be made between the accuracy of simulation and the computation time. This analysis comes in handy in such situations which helps in optimising time and effort.
This document summarizes a study that performed a life assessment of a fighter jet engine annular combustor liner using a combined fluid/structural approach. Computational fluid dynamics analyses were conducted to obtain the thermal loading on the combustor liner from the combustion process. Finite element analyses were then performed to calculate the resulting temperature and stress/strain distributions in the liner. A method was developed to analyze a complete measured flight profile with limited computational effort. The creep and fatigue life for a measured flight were calculated and compared to field experience data. While the exact number of cycles to crack initiation was difficult to predict, the locations and directions of cracking correlated well with field data.
This document presents an overview of using GIS data to design a pipeline over varying terrain. It demonstrates how to:
1. Use digital elevation models and satellite imagery in a GIS system to plan the pipeline centerline route and avoid obstructions.
2. Generate a plan view and profile of the pipeline to account for elevation changes along the route.
3. Perform hydraulic analysis of the pipeline considering factors like diameter, pressure, temperature, and water content to optimize the design.
The presentation shows how integrating GIS data improves pipeline design by enabling optimization of the route and hydraulic performance analysis.
This document discusses process integration techniques for optimizing mass and energy usage within chemical processes. It focuses on heat exchange networks (HENs) which identify the optimal matching of hot and cold process streams to minimize utility usage. The document provides an example of constructing composite curves to analyze the minimum hot and cold utility requirements for a system with multiple hot and cold streams. It demonstrates how to determine the pinch temperature and minimum temperature difference between hot and cold streams using these composite curves.
Evaluating mathematical heat transfer effectiveness equations using cfd techn...aeijjournal
Mathematical heat transfer equations for finned double pipe heat exchangers based on experimental work carried out in the 1970s can be programmed in a spreadsheet for repetitive use. Thus avoiding CFD analysis which can be time consuming and costly. However, it is important that such mathematical equations be evaluated for their accuracy. This paper uses CFD methods in evaluating the accuracy of mathematical equations. Several models were created with varying; geometry, flue gas entry temperature,
and flow rates. The analysis should provide designers and manufacturers a judgment on the expected level
of accuracy when using mathematical modelling methodology. This paper simultaneously identifies best
practices in carrying out such CFD analysis
Optimal Design of a natural gas transmission systemCini Gekpe
The document discusses the optimal design of a natural gas transmission pipeline from Calabar to Ajaokuta, Nigeria. Steady state gas flow analysis was performed using Pipesim software to determine the optimal pipe size. The analysis showed a 46/56 inch pipe combination requiring a single compressor station would produce the lowest compression ratio and lowest cost. A cost analysis confirmed this 46/56 inch design as the most optimal and economically viable option for delivering 2000mmscfd of natural gas over 490km.
CFD Analysis of Plate Fin Tube Heat Exchanger for Various Fin InclinationsIJERA Editor
ANSYS Fluent software is used for three dimensional CFD simulations to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of six different fin angles with plain fin tube heat exchangers. The numerical simulation of the fin tube heat exchanger was performed by using a three dimensional numerical computation technique. Geometry of model is created and meshed by using ANSYS Workbench software. To solve the equation for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis ANSYS FLUENT was used in the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and result compared for both laminar and turbulent flow models k-epsilon and SST k-omega, with steady state solvers to calculate heat transfer, flow velocity and temperature fields of variable inclined fin angles (Ɵ = 00,100 , 200, 300, 400,500). Model is validate by comparing the simulated value of velocity, temperature and colburn factor with experimental and numerical results investigated by WANG [1] and GHORI KIRAR [10]. Reasonable agreement is found between the simulations and other results, and the ANSYS Fluent software is sufficient for simulating the flow fields in tube fin heat exchanger.
RETICOM SOLUTION: Power plants and steam generatorsMahdi Karami
RETICOM SOLUTION provides a vast range of engineering services for design and performance estimation of power plants and steam generators as well as failure diagnosis services.
Insights from field experiments to conduct thermal response tests with heatin...Jasmin Raymond
This document summarizes research on using heating cable sections to conduct thermal response tests (TRTs) at lower costs than conventional methods. Key points:
- Heating cable sections allow measuring thermal conductivity profiles in boreholes, providing data to design efficient ground source heat pump systems.
- Tests conducted in Canada found heating section tests produced consistent thermal conductivity values compared to conventional TRTs, while reducing equipment needs, costs, and consumed energy by around 90%.
- Further research aims to use heating section profiles to identify favorable geological layers, explore deep geothermal resources, and correct temperature profiles for paleoclimate effects.
New Methods to Spatially Extend Thermal Response Test AssessmentsJasmin Raymond
This document describes two new methods for spatially extending thermal response test (TRT) assessments: 1) Inverse numerical modeling of temperature profiles from multiple boreholes at a site can be used to evaluate subsurface thermal conductivity beyond a single TRT well. 2) At a district scale, geostatistical simulation using thermal conductivity data from outcrops, boreholes, and multiple TRTs can provide stochastic realizations of subsurface properties to spatially interpolate between test locations. Both methods allow TRT assessments to be expanded beyond their typical limited spatial scope, creating new opportunities for evaluating ground source heat potential.
The document discusses using a HBX Vapor Quality sensor to control the operation of refrigeration and heat pump systems to achieve semi-flooded evaporator operation and zero superheat. This allows for energy savings of up to 45% by optimizing heat transfer in the evaporator. The vapor quality sensor measures the mass fraction of vapor and liquid phases without delay, enabling dynamic control of the evaporator. Systems controlled in this way can use natural refrigerants like ammonia and CO2 while achieving safe low charge designs and optimal performance.
Optimizing ground heat exchanger length with GeoperformX pipeJasmin Raymond
This document summarizes research on optimizing ground heat exchanger length using GeoperformX pipe. Numerical simulations and thermal response tests showed the GeoperformX pipe can reduce borehole thermal resistance by up to 31% and borehole length by 6-25% compared to conventional pipes. A case study of a campus ground source heat pump system in Grayslake, IL demonstrated a 25 foot borehole length reduction per heat exchanger using GeoperformX pipe. In conclusion, reducing borehole thermal resistance through higher conductivity pipes like GeoperformX is an effective way to optimize heat exchanger length and lower installation costs of ground source heat pump systems.
The document describes a process to separate permeate from biogas production containing ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water into 15% ammonia and purified wastewater.
A distillation column was designed using steady state calculations to determine operating parameters and size. Dynamic simulation was then used to model startup of the distillation column over 35 minutes to determine if the equipment could allow startup and normal operation.
The dynamic simulation showed the distillation column could reach its desired ammonia concentration and bottoms purity within 50-52 minutes of startup, demonstrating the feasibility of the steady state design when modeled dynamically.
ammonia water (NH3-H2o) diffusion vapor absorption refrigeration systemJagannath1234
1.Vapor absorption refrigeration system based on ammonia-water is one of the oldest refrigeration systems.
2.An absorption refrigeration system uses a heat source (e.g., geothermal energy, solar energy, and waste heat from steam plants, and even natural gas when it is at a relatively low price.) to provide the energy needed for the cooling process.
3.Quite similar to a vapor compression system.
4.The compressor is replaced by a generator and absorber.
5.Ammonia is used as a refrigerant i.e. R-717 and Water as an absorber.
6.Condensation, expansion and evaporation processes are the same as the VCR system.
This document summarizes a project to optimize combustion at the Crystal River Unit 4 power plant through continuous combustion management. Equipment was added to measure and control coal and air flows to burners. Coal flow was balanced across pulverizers and burners. Secondary air flows were measured and automatically adjusted at each burner. O2 and CO probes were relocated or augmented. These changes improved boiler efficiency by 0.5%, reduced NOx emissions by 7-15%, and lowered operating costs through reduced reagent and fuel usage and extended equipment life.
Basic heat exchanger equations and calculations outlines three key equations for calculating the rate of heat exchange (Q) in an adiabatic heat exchanger with no heat loss to the environment. The equations relate Q to the mass flow rates, specific enthalpies, and temperatures of the process and utility streams. HYSYS software uses the first equation to calculate Q for heaters/coolers and heat exchangers based on specifications for two streams. It displays Q/average temperature difference as the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) times the heat transfer area (A), which must be divided by U and a correction factor F to determine the actual heat exchanger area A.
The document discusses the McCabe-Thiele design method for distillation column design using vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data. It explains that the McCabe-Thiele method uses a graphical approach to determine the theoretical number of stages required for a binary separation based on the VLE plot. Operating lines are drawn on the VLE diagram to define the mass balance relationships between the liquid and vapor phases. The operating line for the rectification section is constructed by drawing a line with slope R/(R+1) from the desired top product composition point, where R is the reflux ratio. The operating line for the stripping section has a slope of Ls/Vs, where Ls and Vs are the liquid and
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
Gas Turbines at PACT Research and Development on Gas Turbines and CCS - talk by Karen Finney, University of Leeds, at the opening of the UKCCSRC PACT Beighton facility
This document discusses the design and operation of oil and gas pipelines and storage facilities. It covers key equations for calculating gas flow rates in pipelines, including the Weymouth, Panhandle A, and Modified Panhandle equations. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use these equations to determine pipeline diameter and pressure drop given flow rates, temperatures, pressures, and other parameters. The document also addresses low pressure piping systems and provides equations for calculating pressure drop in plant piping.
The document discusses the McCabe Thiele method for analyzing distillation columns. It begins by defining the rectifying section operating line (ROL) equation as yn+1 = (R/(R+1))xn + (1/(R+1))xD, where R is the reflux ratio.
It then explains that the McCabe Thiele method uses equilibrium curves and operating lines on a graphical diagram to determine the minimum number of theoretical stages needed for a given separation. The method involves constructing triangles between the equilibrium curve and operating line, with each triangle representing one theoretical tray.
This document discusses combustion airflow measurement stations (CA Stations) for measuring airflow in power plants. The CA Station uses a honeycomb airflow straightener and Fechheimer-Pitot technology to accurately measure combustion air, secondary air, and overfire air within 2-3% accuracy. The objectives of precise airflow measurement are to lower emissions and increase plant performance by optimizing combustion.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
CFD ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIZER TO OPTIMIZE HEAT TRANSFER IAEME Publication
Economizer is the best mechanical component which is used for trapping the heat of flue gasses. Economizers can be best applied in electricity generating power plants. Best way of
utilisation of flue gas heat is by transferring it to the boiler feed water. Hence economizers are designed in such a way that feed water is allowed to pass the economizer through pipes. Economizer shell is completely filled with the flue gasses. There is a cross flow heat exchange process takes place between boiler feed water and flue gas.
This document discusses process integration techniques for optimizing mass and energy usage within chemical processes. It focuses on heat exchange networks (HENs) which identify the optimal matching of hot and cold process streams to minimize utility usage. The document provides an example of constructing composite curves to analyze the minimum hot and cold utility requirements for a system with multiple hot and cold streams. It demonstrates how to determine the pinch temperature and minimum temperature difference between hot and cold streams using these composite curves.
Evaluating mathematical heat transfer effectiveness equations using cfd techn...aeijjournal
Mathematical heat transfer equations for finned double pipe heat exchangers based on experimental work carried out in the 1970s can be programmed in a spreadsheet for repetitive use. Thus avoiding CFD analysis which can be time consuming and costly. However, it is important that such mathematical equations be evaluated for their accuracy. This paper uses CFD methods in evaluating the accuracy of mathematical equations. Several models were created with varying; geometry, flue gas entry temperature,
and flow rates. The analysis should provide designers and manufacturers a judgment on the expected level
of accuracy when using mathematical modelling methodology. This paper simultaneously identifies best
practices in carrying out such CFD analysis
Optimal Design of a natural gas transmission systemCini Gekpe
The document discusses the optimal design of a natural gas transmission pipeline from Calabar to Ajaokuta, Nigeria. Steady state gas flow analysis was performed using Pipesim software to determine the optimal pipe size. The analysis showed a 46/56 inch pipe combination requiring a single compressor station would produce the lowest compression ratio and lowest cost. A cost analysis confirmed this 46/56 inch design as the most optimal and economically viable option for delivering 2000mmscfd of natural gas over 490km.
CFD Analysis of Plate Fin Tube Heat Exchanger for Various Fin InclinationsIJERA Editor
ANSYS Fluent software is used for three dimensional CFD simulations to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of six different fin angles with plain fin tube heat exchangers. The numerical simulation of the fin tube heat exchanger was performed by using a three dimensional numerical computation technique. Geometry of model is created and meshed by using ANSYS Workbench software. To solve the equation for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis ANSYS FLUENT was used in the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and result compared for both laminar and turbulent flow models k-epsilon and SST k-omega, with steady state solvers to calculate heat transfer, flow velocity and temperature fields of variable inclined fin angles (Ɵ = 00,100 , 200, 300, 400,500). Model is validate by comparing the simulated value of velocity, temperature and colburn factor with experimental and numerical results investigated by WANG [1] and GHORI KIRAR [10]. Reasonable agreement is found between the simulations and other results, and the ANSYS Fluent software is sufficient for simulating the flow fields in tube fin heat exchanger.
RETICOM SOLUTION: Power plants and steam generatorsMahdi Karami
RETICOM SOLUTION provides a vast range of engineering services for design and performance estimation of power plants and steam generators as well as failure diagnosis services.
Insights from field experiments to conduct thermal response tests with heatin...Jasmin Raymond
This document summarizes research on using heating cable sections to conduct thermal response tests (TRTs) at lower costs than conventional methods. Key points:
- Heating cable sections allow measuring thermal conductivity profiles in boreholes, providing data to design efficient ground source heat pump systems.
- Tests conducted in Canada found heating section tests produced consistent thermal conductivity values compared to conventional TRTs, while reducing equipment needs, costs, and consumed energy by around 90%.
- Further research aims to use heating section profiles to identify favorable geological layers, explore deep geothermal resources, and correct temperature profiles for paleoclimate effects.
New Methods to Spatially Extend Thermal Response Test AssessmentsJasmin Raymond
This document describes two new methods for spatially extending thermal response test (TRT) assessments: 1) Inverse numerical modeling of temperature profiles from multiple boreholes at a site can be used to evaluate subsurface thermal conductivity beyond a single TRT well. 2) At a district scale, geostatistical simulation using thermal conductivity data from outcrops, boreholes, and multiple TRTs can provide stochastic realizations of subsurface properties to spatially interpolate between test locations. Both methods allow TRT assessments to be expanded beyond their typical limited spatial scope, creating new opportunities for evaluating ground source heat potential.
The document discusses using a HBX Vapor Quality sensor to control the operation of refrigeration and heat pump systems to achieve semi-flooded evaporator operation and zero superheat. This allows for energy savings of up to 45% by optimizing heat transfer in the evaporator. The vapor quality sensor measures the mass fraction of vapor and liquid phases without delay, enabling dynamic control of the evaporator. Systems controlled in this way can use natural refrigerants like ammonia and CO2 while achieving safe low charge designs and optimal performance.
Optimizing ground heat exchanger length with GeoperformX pipeJasmin Raymond
This document summarizes research on optimizing ground heat exchanger length using GeoperformX pipe. Numerical simulations and thermal response tests showed the GeoperformX pipe can reduce borehole thermal resistance by up to 31% and borehole length by 6-25% compared to conventional pipes. A case study of a campus ground source heat pump system in Grayslake, IL demonstrated a 25 foot borehole length reduction per heat exchanger using GeoperformX pipe. In conclusion, reducing borehole thermal resistance through higher conductivity pipes like GeoperformX is an effective way to optimize heat exchanger length and lower installation costs of ground source heat pump systems.
The document describes a process to separate permeate from biogas production containing ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water into 15% ammonia and purified wastewater.
A distillation column was designed using steady state calculations to determine operating parameters and size. Dynamic simulation was then used to model startup of the distillation column over 35 minutes to determine if the equipment could allow startup and normal operation.
The dynamic simulation showed the distillation column could reach its desired ammonia concentration and bottoms purity within 50-52 minutes of startup, demonstrating the feasibility of the steady state design when modeled dynamically.
ammonia water (NH3-H2o) diffusion vapor absorption refrigeration systemJagannath1234
1.Vapor absorption refrigeration system based on ammonia-water is one of the oldest refrigeration systems.
2.An absorption refrigeration system uses a heat source (e.g., geothermal energy, solar energy, and waste heat from steam plants, and even natural gas when it is at a relatively low price.) to provide the energy needed for the cooling process.
3.Quite similar to a vapor compression system.
4.The compressor is replaced by a generator and absorber.
5.Ammonia is used as a refrigerant i.e. R-717 and Water as an absorber.
6.Condensation, expansion and evaporation processes are the same as the VCR system.
This document summarizes a project to optimize combustion at the Crystal River Unit 4 power plant through continuous combustion management. Equipment was added to measure and control coal and air flows to burners. Coal flow was balanced across pulverizers and burners. Secondary air flows were measured and automatically adjusted at each burner. O2 and CO probes were relocated or augmented. These changes improved boiler efficiency by 0.5%, reduced NOx emissions by 7-15%, and lowered operating costs through reduced reagent and fuel usage and extended equipment life.
Basic heat exchanger equations and calculations outlines three key equations for calculating the rate of heat exchange (Q) in an adiabatic heat exchanger with no heat loss to the environment. The equations relate Q to the mass flow rates, specific enthalpies, and temperatures of the process and utility streams. HYSYS software uses the first equation to calculate Q for heaters/coolers and heat exchangers based on specifications for two streams. It displays Q/average temperature difference as the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) times the heat transfer area (A), which must be divided by U and a correction factor F to determine the actual heat exchanger area A.
The document discusses the McCabe-Thiele design method for distillation column design using vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data. It explains that the McCabe-Thiele method uses a graphical approach to determine the theoretical number of stages required for a binary separation based on the VLE plot. Operating lines are drawn on the VLE diagram to define the mass balance relationships between the liquid and vapor phases. The operating line for the rectification section is constructed by drawing a line with slope R/(R+1) from the desired top product composition point, where R is the reflux ratio. The operating line for the stripping section has a slope of Ls/Vs, where Ls and Vs are the liquid and
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
Gas Turbines at PACT Research and Development on Gas Turbines and CCS - talk by Karen Finney, University of Leeds, at the opening of the UKCCSRC PACT Beighton facility
This document discusses the design and operation of oil and gas pipelines and storage facilities. It covers key equations for calculating gas flow rates in pipelines, including the Weymouth, Panhandle A, and Modified Panhandle equations. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use these equations to determine pipeline diameter and pressure drop given flow rates, temperatures, pressures, and other parameters. The document also addresses low pressure piping systems and provides equations for calculating pressure drop in plant piping.
The document discusses the McCabe Thiele method for analyzing distillation columns. It begins by defining the rectifying section operating line (ROL) equation as yn+1 = (R/(R+1))xn + (1/(R+1))xD, where R is the reflux ratio.
It then explains that the McCabe Thiele method uses equilibrium curves and operating lines on a graphical diagram to determine the minimum number of theoretical stages needed for a given separation. The method involves constructing triangles between the equilibrium curve and operating line, with each triangle representing one theoretical tray.
This document discusses combustion airflow measurement stations (CA Stations) for measuring airflow in power plants. The CA Station uses a honeycomb airflow straightener and Fechheimer-Pitot technology to accurately measure combustion air, secondary air, and overfire air within 2-3% accuracy. The objectives of precise airflow measurement are to lower emissions and increase plant performance by optimizing combustion.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
CFD ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIZER TO OPTIMIZE HEAT TRANSFER IAEME Publication
Economizer is the best mechanical component which is used for trapping the heat of flue gasses. Economizers can be best applied in electricity generating power plants. Best way of
utilisation of flue gas heat is by transferring it to the boiler feed water. Hence economizers are designed in such a way that feed water is allowed to pass the economizer through pipes. Economizer shell is completely filled with the flue gasses. There is a cross flow heat exchange process takes place between boiler feed water and flue gas.
This document discusses pressure loss in duct fittings like elbows through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. It validates a CFD tool by modeling a 90-degree round elbow and comparing results to published pressure loss coefficient data. The study finds that pressure loss coefficient decreases with increasing Reynolds number. CFD can accurately predict pressure loss in duct fittings and help with preliminary ductwork design in applications with complex geometries.
Sushilkumar M. Jogdankar is a CFD project leader with over 10 years of experience in CFD modeling. He has expertise in areas such as heat transfer simulation, fluid dynamics, conjugate analysis, and multiphase flow modeling. He is proficient in simulation tools such as ANSYS Fluent, ANSYS CFX, ANSA, and Gambit. Jogdankar is currently seeking new opportunities where he can apply his technical and leadership skills.
This document describes a CFD analysis of fluid flow through tube banks in heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs). The authors developed a new procedure to define porous medium parameters like loss coefficients starting from 3D simulations of flow through tube banks. Both finned and bare tube banks were considered. The analysis was performed using the commercial CFD code Fluent to simulate flow through a single tube row and investigate the effects of Reynolds number, inlet yaw angle, and inlet pitch angle on pressure drop and outlet flow angles. Results were compared to experimental data for a real fired HRSG to validate the proposed porous media modeling approach.
Case studies in cfd analysis by kk parthibanparthi2006
CFD is being used nowadays extensively in many areas. We had an opportunity to optmise the duct system using CFD. The case stuy is presented in this paper.
Mechwell Industries provides engineering services including computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. They analyzed the performance of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler using CFD to determine the heat transfer rate and pressure drops on the gas and coolant sides. They created 3D models of the gas and coolant sections, applied boundary conditions and material properties, then simulated the flows. The CFD analysis found the gas side had a 5 kPa pressure drop and outlet temperature of 99°C, while the coolant side had a 0.5 kPa pressure drop and outlet temperature of 205°C, determining the heat transfer between the sections.
This document discusses cold flow analysis of a gas turbine combustor using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). CFD is used to model airflow and fuel injection without reactions to capture mixture formation. The CFD model accounts for moving geometry interactions with fluid dynamics. Cold flow simulations provide useful information on turbulence and mixing to ensure proper combustion conditions. The document outlines objectives of combustor design like satisfactory mixing and stable flow patterns with minimal losses. Numerical analysis and governing equations are presented along with experimental data and graphs showing variation in properties like temperature, pressure, and pattern factor.
The document describes four main methods for piping design: manual drafting, piping design modeling, CAD, and combining CAD with a physical scale model. It provides details on each method, including typical scales used (e.g. 1:30 metric), and notes advantages like improved communication, reduced costs, and better operator training. The document also outlines key considerations for piping design such as pressure drop, flow turbulence, drainage, insulation, and vibration control.
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"Advancing Water Purification: Collaborative CFD Success
Water treatment is one of the most pressing environmental and public health challenges in the world
In our recent CFD project, we addressed a crucial concern in a caustic soda injection system for potable water. Efficient mixing is key, not just for effectiveness but also safety in water treatment and the existing system had very ineffective mixing.
Our Collaborative Approach
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Results That Speak
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CFD simulation and design optimization of heat exchanger purge manifold for mosman stainless steel bv
1. Gasværksvej 26, DK 9000 Aalborg www.R-R-Consult.com www.LinkedIn.com/company/R&R-consult Info@R-R-consult.com
CFD simulation and design optimization of heat exchanger purge
manifold for Mosman Stainless Steel BV
2. Gasværksvej 26, DK 9000 Aalborg www.R-R-Consult.com www.LinkedIn.com/company/R&R-consult Info@R-R-consult.com
R&R Consult helped analyse and optimize the
design of the Mosman Bulk Solids Heat
Exchanger (BSHE). The BSHE is used for
cooling or heating free-flowing bulk solids, via a
pillow plate heat exchanger. In order to reduce
the risk of caking in the pillow plate bank, dry
air is injected at several horizontal planes and
then flows upwards through the pillow banks
and bulk solids. The air is injected via air inlet
manifolds and distributed through multiple
nozzles/studs in each manifold. The nozzles
are welded on the manifolds, which is a costly
manufacturing process.
R&R Consult helped optimize the design of
these manifolds by using Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD). The objective was to achieve
a uniform air distribution while minimizing
pressure drop and manufacturing costs.
We significantly optimized the original design
based on empirical design equations regarding
manifold design and several state of the art
numerical simulations. This yielded considerably
reduced manufacturing costs. Furthermore we
established an optimum nozzle number/diameter
combination in order to minimize flow variation
in the nozzle row and generate the necessary
flow uniformity inside the heat exchanger. The
updated manifold design not only meets the
prerequisites for efficient de-moisturization. It
also keeps the injected air from interfering with
the product flow and considerably reduces
manufacturing cost. The case served as another
example of combining fluid mechanical
experience, knowledge and CFD for cost-efficient
design analysis and optimization.
The simulation process saw interesting meshing challenges, e.g. a full
geometric discretization of all nozzles in the inlet manifold. This
provided data concerning individual nozzle flow rates, and was used to
minimize flow variation in the longitudinal direction of the manifold,
while providing information regarding manifold pressure drop.
Mosman Bulk Solids Heat
Exchanger
Flow uniformity, variation
between ± 9% from mean
Path lines from distributor Velocity through distributor
CFD simulation and design optimization of heat exchanger purge
manifold for Mosman Stainless Steel BV