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CEPHALOSPORIN
Motiur Rahman Bappy
ID: 1501144
Faculty of Veterinary Science , BAU
CONTENTS
• Cephalosporin
• Structure
• Classification
• Mechanism of Action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Adverse Effects
Cephalosporin
• A class of β-lactam antibiotic
• Inhibit Bacterial cell wall synthesis
• Closely related to Penicillin both structurally and
functionally
• First isolated from Cephalosporium acremonium
Structure
Cephalosporin Nucleus: 7-
amino cephalosporanic Acid
Dihydrothiazine ring
β-lactam
ring
Side chain
Attachment
Side chain
Attachment
Classification
• Cephalexin
• Cefazolin1st Generation
• Cefotetan
• Cefuroxime2nd Generation
• Ceftriaxone
• Ceftazidime3rd Generation
• Cefepime4rth Generation
• Ceftaroline5th Generation
Mechanism of Action
Peptide chain
N-
acetylmuramic
acid
N-
acetylglucosa
mine
Transpeptidase
Pharmacokinetics
• Route of Administration : Oral , Parental
• Relatively lipid insoluble ( like penicillins )
• Dont penetrate cells or CNS, except for third
generations
• Excretion :
-Mostly renal
-Very few through bile
• Plasma half life : 30-90 min
Adverse Effects
• Hypersensitivity
• Nephrotoxicity
• Thrombophlebitis
• Superinfections
• Diarrhea
Cephalosporin

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Cephalosporin