cell structures and functions

1. Chapter 2 “Cells”
Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages
38 – 40

2. COMMON CELL TRAITS
 A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.

3. COMPARING CELLS
 The size & shape of a
cell relates to its
function. (job it does)

4. Prokaryotic Cells
(proh KAYR ee yah tihk)
 cells without membrane-
bound structures
 EX: bacteria
pond scum

5. Eukaryotic Cells
(yew KAYR ee yah tihk)
 cells with membrane-
bound structures
 EX: animals, plants,
fungi and protists

6.  protects the cell
 gives shape
 is made of cellulose
 A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most
bacteria.
CELL WALL

7. CELL MEMBRANE
 Outer covering, protective layer
around ALL cells
 For cells with cell walls,the cell
membrane is inside the cell wall
 Allows food, oxygen, & water
into the cell & waste products
out of the cell.

8. CYTOPLASM
 gelatin-like inside cell membrane
 constantly flows
 aka protoplasm

9. CYTOSKELETON
 scaffolding-like
structure in cytoplasm
 helps the cell maintain
or change its shape
 made of protein

10. NUCLEUS
 Directs all cell activities
 Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
 These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
 Usually the largest
organelle

11. NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
 separates nucleus from
cytoplasm
 controls movement of
materials in & out of
nucleus

12. NUCLEOLUS
 Aka “little nucleus”
 Found in the nucleus

13. CHROMATIN
 contains genetic code that controls cell
 made of DNA & proteins

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