This document discusses chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. It contains three main sections:
1. Chronic NCDs: The Epidemic - NCDs are a growing epidemic responsible for over 36 million deaths annually. They disproportionately impact low and middle-income countries.
2. Biblical Wisdom: The Word - Biblical scriptures provide guidance on healthy living through moderation, proper nutrition, physical activity, rest, and healing.
3. Longevity: The Evidence - Studies show religious individuals live longer. Regions with higher religious participation have lower disease rates and longer lifespans. Regular religious service attendance is associated with a
This document discusses chronic non-communicable diseases and the need to address them in low and middle-income countries. It notes that chronic diseases account for 60% of global deaths annually, with 80% of those deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Risk factors for chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers and chronic respiratory diseases are increasing in those countries with economic growth. To effectively address chronic diseases, the document calls for a whole-of-society response including universal health coverage, integration and localization of services, high leverage prevention strategies, and efficiency.
A man had been unable to walk for 38 years and would wait at the Pool of Bethesda, hoping to be the first person in the water after an angel stirred it, as this was believed to heal whoever entered first. When Jesus saw the man, he told him to get up, pick up his mat, and walk, which the man did, able to walk for the first time in 38 years. Though the man forgot to thank Jesus in his joy, he was deeply grateful to be healed after so long.
May 10.2015 - Sunday message- Ptr. Bert Calvadores- "Get up! Pick up your mat...Catherine Lirio
1) The document describes various types of spiritual disabilities that Christians can experience such as blindness, paralysis, and backsliding.
2) These disabilities can be caused by disobedience, discontentment, and discouragement.
3) Christians can overcome spiritual disabilities by getting up through prayer, picking up their mat by putting their lives in order, and walking by living by faith daily in obedience to God.
The document provides details from the Bible about Jesus healing a man at the Pool of Bethesda in Jerusalem. It describes how the pool had five porches where many ill people gathered, hoping to be healed when the water was stirred by an angel. The passage focuses on a man who had been ill for 38 years and how Jesus healed him by commanding him to rise, take up his bed, and walk. This healing caused controversy as it occurred on the Sabbath. The document also discusses Jesus' calling of his first disciples, Peter, Andrew, James, and John, while they were fishing on the Sea of Galilee.
When something in our life breaks down, we always try to find a quick fix or an answer we can handle ourselves. But, what happens when our problem is bigger than our plan? Use this and follow along with our podcast - https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/elevate-church/id634597356?mt=2
John 5, Jesus’ Deity; “Jesus Never Said He Was God”; 5 Requirements For Salva...Valley Bible Fellowship
John Chapter 5, The Deity Claims of Jesus; Who Did Jesus Say He Was?; “Jesus Never Said He Was God”; 5 Requirements For Salvation; Liar, Lunatic, or Lord; All May Honor The Son; Easy-believism; Unwilling to come to Jesus; Life; Sheep Gate; Signs of the Messiah; Sabbath work; prokaryotes, eukaryotes; Who gives life, OSAS
Every command in the Bible is impossible to keep as God requires. It is truly impossible for anyone to be holy as God is holy, to be perfect even as our Father in heaven is perfect, to love our enemies as God "so loved the world." So, if every command is impossible to keep, why did God command us in the first place? Is it possibly that He wants us to depend on Him, for us to allow His Spirit to work through us?
This document discusses chronic non-communicable diseases and the need to address them in low and middle-income countries. It notes that chronic diseases account for 60% of global deaths annually, with 80% of those deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Risk factors for chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers and chronic respiratory diseases are increasing in those countries with economic growth. To effectively address chronic diseases, the document calls for a whole-of-society response including universal health coverage, integration and localization of services, high leverage prevention strategies, and efficiency.
A man had been unable to walk for 38 years and would wait at the Pool of Bethesda, hoping to be the first person in the water after an angel stirred it, as this was believed to heal whoever entered first. When Jesus saw the man, he told him to get up, pick up his mat, and walk, which the man did, able to walk for the first time in 38 years. Though the man forgot to thank Jesus in his joy, he was deeply grateful to be healed after so long.
May 10.2015 - Sunday message- Ptr. Bert Calvadores- "Get up! Pick up your mat...Catherine Lirio
1) The document describes various types of spiritual disabilities that Christians can experience such as blindness, paralysis, and backsliding.
2) These disabilities can be caused by disobedience, discontentment, and discouragement.
3) Christians can overcome spiritual disabilities by getting up through prayer, picking up their mat by putting their lives in order, and walking by living by faith daily in obedience to God.
The document provides details from the Bible about Jesus healing a man at the Pool of Bethesda in Jerusalem. It describes how the pool had five porches where many ill people gathered, hoping to be healed when the water was stirred by an angel. The passage focuses on a man who had been ill for 38 years and how Jesus healed him by commanding him to rise, take up his bed, and walk. This healing caused controversy as it occurred on the Sabbath. The document also discusses Jesus' calling of his first disciples, Peter, Andrew, James, and John, while they were fishing on the Sea of Galilee.
When something in our life breaks down, we always try to find a quick fix or an answer we can handle ourselves. But, what happens when our problem is bigger than our plan? Use this and follow along with our podcast - https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/elevate-church/id634597356?mt=2
John 5, Jesus’ Deity; “Jesus Never Said He Was God”; 5 Requirements For Salva...Valley Bible Fellowship
John Chapter 5, The Deity Claims of Jesus; Who Did Jesus Say He Was?; “Jesus Never Said He Was God”; 5 Requirements For Salvation; Liar, Lunatic, or Lord; All May Honor The Son; Easy-believism; Unwilling to come to Jesus; Life; Sheep Gate; Signs of the Messiah; Sabbath work; prokaryotes, eukaryotes; Who gives life, OSAS
Every command in the Bible is impossible to keep as God requires. It is truly impossible for anyone to be holy as God is holy, to be perfect even as our Father in heaven is perfect, to love our enemies as God "so loved the world." So, if every command is impossible to keep, why did God command us in the first place? Is it possibly that He wants us to depend on Him, for us to allow His Spirit to work through us?
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. While a large proportion of CVDs are preventable, rates continue to rise due to inadequate preventive measures. An estimated 17.3 million people died from CVDs in 2008, with over 80% of deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. By 2030, almost 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually. South Africa faces a high burden from CVDs, with the top four risk factors being smoking, high BMI, hypertension, and high blood cholesterol. Population-wide interventions targeting modifiable risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol could prevent the majority of premature CVDs
This document discusses community-oriented primary care (COPC), which is a systemic approach to medicine that is built on principles of epidemiology and community organizing. COPC aims to integrate public health and personal healthcare by addressing factors like housing, sanitation, and health promotion at the community level. The document traces the origins and evolution of COPC from its roots in primary healthcare initiatives in South Africa and the US to its principles of accessibility, accountability, continuity, comprehensiveness, and coordination. Challenges to COPC are discussed, as well as the roles of primary care physicians and factors influencing health outcomes between countries with strong versus weak primary care systems.
Obesity is a growing global problem caused by eating too much and exercising too little. It is the leading risk factor for chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. To address obesity, a multi-pronged approach is needed that involves governments, the food industry, healthcare providers, media, and individuals. Education promoting healthy lifestyles, nutrition, and physical activity is crucial to preventing and managing obesity.
At the 2016 CCIH Annual Conference, Dr. Jonathan Quick of Management Sciences for Health discusses recent pandemics and explores the keys to preventing future outbreaks.
Population medicine and changing concepts of diseaseDr.Hemant Kumar
The document discusses key concepts related to public health, population health, and the epidemiological transition from infectious to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It defines public health, health surveillance, monitoring, and population health. It explains that population health looks at health outcomes within groups, while public health aims to promote health through organized community efforts. The document also discusses the global burden of NCDs, their increasing impact in India, and risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and alcohol. It notes that prevention is critical to addressing NCDs given their high treatment costs.
Non-communicable disease and the future of developmentJeff Knezovich
The document discusses the growing threat of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like heart disease, diabetes and cancer to development, especially in low and middle income countries. It outlines the scale of NCDs globally and in developing nations, highlighting their social and economic impacts. Potential responses are examined, including priorities identified by the UN like implementing multi-sectoral national NCD plans with a focus on prevention, primary care, community health workers, and making patients central to care.
This document proposes redefining preventative care to focus on constantly improving basic health measures for all individuals, regardless of current health status. It notes that the US currently spends over $2 trillion annually on healthcare, with two-thirds going towards treating chronic conditions for 45% of the population. While 65% have no chronic conditions currently, focusing only on these "healthy" individuals misses an opportunity to reduce costs. The document advocates continuously addressing the top causes of chronic illness - diet, exercise, alcohol, smoking, nutrition and lack of exercise - for all. This could improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary future healthcare spending, even for those with existing conditions. It proposes regularly monitoring and prescribing basic health measures like sleep, water intake, exercise and
The document outlines an indicators project to analyze health plans from local health departments in northern Illinois. It identifies the top four health priorities as access to care, chronic diseases, communicable diseases, and obesity. For each priority, it discusses common goals, potential indicators to monitor status, and strategies proposed in regional health plans. The analysis aims to identify leading health issues, indicators, and opportunities for collaboration across local departments.
Bridgepoint Health Bulletin discusses the rising crisis of complex chronic illness. 60% of healthcare spending is for people with complex chronic illnesses. Modern medicine has improved treatment of deadly illnesses but not found cures, converting many to chronic illnesses. As lifespans increase, more people are living with multiple chronic conditions or complex chronic illness, which is the leading cause of death, disability, and rising healthcare costs. Bridgepoint Health specializes in patients with complex illnesses and sees addressing their care as the new frontier in healthcare.
A lecture on global health delivered during the Think Global Asia-Pacific Workshop on Global Health in Medical Education, December 19, 2011, University of the Philippines Manila
Global Health | Burden of Diseases | millennium goals of global health | Repo...Shashwat Awasthie
This document provides an overview of global health topics including:
- Definitions of global health and factors that influence it like social determinants.
- The top 10 countries funding global health initiatives led by the US.
- A history of organizations like the UN and WHO and their role in global health.
- Metrics used to measure and compare health across countries like HDI and life expectancy.
- Leading causes of death globally and growing issues like chronic diseases.
- The Millennium Development Goals framework for improving health worldwide.
The document discusses the health crisis facing many countries due to rising rates of chronic disease. It notes that over 130 million Americans suffer from chronic illnesses, accounting for $2 trillion in annual healthcare costs. Most chronic diseases are linked to physical inactivity and poor diet. The solution proposed is a web-based lifestyle program called Bonfire that provides information on how to eat, move, and think in a way to change behaviors and ignite better health. The program is free and includes recipes, workouts, journaling and an online community for support.
The document discusses Continua Health Alliance, an organization working to advance remote patient monitoring through open interoperability standards. It aims to address the growing costs of chronic diseases by enabling up to 60% of medications to be taken correctly through remote monitoring solutions. Continua brings the healthcare and technology industries together to develop guidelines and certify products, helping create an ecosystem to support the expanding connected health market, estimated to grow to $7.7 billion by 2012.
The document discusses the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) in India. It summarizes that NPCDCS aims to prevent and control four major non-communicable diseases through strengthening infrastructure, human resource development, health promotion, early diagnosis, and management/referral. It also briefly outlines the burden and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, highlighting they are a leading cause of death in India and globally.
John Middleton: A public health view on commissioningNuffield Trust
The document discusses the challenges of commissioning in a changing healthcare landscape, including maintaining public health tools and needs analysis in primary care during organizational changes. It also addresses challenges like paying for rare treatments, strategic reconfigurations, and maintaining partnerships during service reforms and procurement changes. Opportunities discussed include interest in public health from various groups, tackling inequalities remaining a priority, and the potential of initiatives like health and wellbeing boards and joint commissioning between local authorities and clinical groups.
Investing in public health improves health and well-being while reducing the economic burdens of illness and disability—an important return on investment (ROI) for all Americans.
The document provides an overview of various organizational development concepts such as strategic planning, operational planning, governance, mission and vision statements, resource development, and human resources management. It discusses the purpose and components of strategic and operational planning, the importance of governance structures, how to develop mission and vision statements, and considerations for resource development and human resources management. The overall document serves as a useful reference for understanding different aspects of organizational capacity assessment and development.
This tool guides organizations through a capacity assessment, which will help local organizations assess and strengthen their institutional capacity and be able to compete for and secure international funding. Areas of assessment include governance, administration, human resource management, financial management, organizational management, and program management.
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Similar to CCIH 2012 Conference, Plenary 2, Jonathan Quick, Janneke Quick, Chronic Disease, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. While a large proportion of CVDs are preventable, rates continue to rise due to inadequate preventive measures. An estimated 17.3 million people died from CVDs in 2008, with over 80% of deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. By 2030, almost 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually. South Africa faces a high burden from CVDs, with the top four risk factors being smoking, high BMI, hypertension, and high blood cholesterol. Population-wide interventions targeting modifiable risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol could prevent the majority of premature CVDs
This document discusses community-oriented primary care (COPC), which is a systemic approach to medicine that is built on principles of epidemiology and community organizing. COPC aims to integrate public health and personal healthcare by addressing factors like housing, sanitation, and health promotion at the community level. The document traces the origins and evolution of COPC from its roots in primary healthcare initiatives in South Africa and the US to its principles of accessibility, accountability, continuity, comprehensiveness, and coordination. Challenges to COPC are discussed, as well as the roles of primary care physicians and factors influencing health outcomes between countries with strong versus weak primary care systems.
Obesity is a growing global problem caused by eating too much and exercising too little. It is the leading risk factor for chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. To address obesity, a multi-pronged approach is needed that involves governments, the food industry, healthcare providers, media, and individuals. Education promoting healthy lifestyles, nutrition, and physical activity is crucial to preventing and managing obesity.
At the 2016 CCIH Annual Conference, Dr. Jonathan Quick of Management Sciences for Health discusses recent pandemics and explores the keys to preventing future outbreaks.
Population medicine and changing concepts of diseaseDr.Hemant Kumar
The document discusses key concepts related to public health, population health, and the epidemiological transition from infectious to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It defines public health, health surveillance, monitoring, and population health. It explains that population health looks at health outcomes within groups, while public health aims to promote health through organized community efforts. The document also discusses the global burden of NCDs, their increasing impact in India, and risk factors like tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and alcohol. It notes that prevention is critical to addressing NCDs given their high treatment costs.
Non-communicable disease and the future of developmentJeff Knezovich
The document discusses the growing threat of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like heart disease, diabetes and cancer to development, especially in low and middle income countries. It outlines the scale of NCDs globally and in developing nations, highlighting their social and economic impacts. Potential responses are examined, including priorities identified by the UN like implementing multi-sectoral national NCD plans with a focus on prevention, primary care, community health workers, and making patients central to care.
This document proposes redefining preventative care to focus on constantly improving basic health measures for all individuals, regardless of current health status. It notes that the US currently spends over $2 trillion annually on healthcare, with two-thirds going towards treating chronic conditions for 45% of the population. While 65% have no chronic conditions currently, focusing only on these "healthy" individuals misses an opportunity to reduce costs. The document advocates continuously addressing the top causes of chronic illness - diet, exercise, alcohol, smoking, nutrition and lack of exercise - for all. This could improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary future healthcare spending, even for those with existing conditions. It proposes regularly monitoring and prescribing basic health measures like sleep, water intake, exercise and
The document outlines an indicators project to analyze health plans from local health departments in northern Illinois. It identifies the top four health priorities as access to care, chronic diseases, communicable diseases, and obesity. For each priority, it discusses common goals, potential indicators to monitor status, and strategies proposed in regional health plans. The analysis aims to identify leading health issues, indicators, and opportunities for collaboration across local departments.
Bridgepoint Health Bulletin discusses the rising crisis of complex chronic illness. 60% of healthcare spending is for people with complex chronic illnesses. Modern medicine has improved treatment of deadly illnesses but not found cures, converting many to chronic illnesses. As lifespans increase, more people are living with multiple chronic conditions or complex chronic illness, which is the leading cause of death, disability, and rising healthcare costs. Bridgepoint Health specializes in patients with complex illnesses and sees addressing their care as the new frontier in healthcare.
A lecture on global health delivered during the Think Global Asia-Pacific Workshop on Global Health in Medical Education, December 19, 2011, University of the Philippines Manila
Global Health | Burden of Diseases | millennium goals of global health | Repo...Shashwat Awasthie
This document provides an overview of global health topics including:
- Definitions of global health and factors that influence it like social determinants.
- The top 10 countries funding global health initiatives led by the US.
- A history of organizations like the UN and WHO and their role in global health.
- Metrics used to measure and compare health across countries like HDI and life expectancy.
- Leading causes of death globally and growing issues like chronic diseases.
- The Millennium Development Goals framework for improving health worldwide.
The document discusses the health crisis facing many countries due to rising rates of chronic disease. It notes that over 130 million Americans suffer from chronic illnesses, accounting for $2 trillion in annual healthcare costs. Most chronic diseases are linked to physical inactivity and poor diet. The solution proposed is a web-based lifestyle program called Bonfire that provides information on how to eat, move, and think in a way to change behaviors and ignite better health. The program is free and includes recipes, workouts, journaling and an online community for support.
The document discusses Continua Health Alliance, an organization working to advance remote patient monitoring through open interoperability standards. It aims to address the growing costs of chronic diseases by enabling up to 60% of medications to be taken correctly through remote monitoring solutions. Continua brings the healthcare and technology industries together to develop guidelines and certify products, helping create an ecosystem to support the expanding connected health market, estimated to grow to $7.7 billion by 2012.
The document discusses the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) in India. It summarizes that NPCDCS aims to prevent and control four major non-communicable diseases through strengthening infrastructure, human resource development, health promotion, early diagnosis, and management/referral. It also briefly outlines the burden and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, highlighting they are a leading cause of death in India and globally.
John Middleton: A public health view on commissioningNuffield Trust
The document discusses the challenges of commissioning in a changing healthcare landscape, including maintaining public health tools and needs analysis in primary care during organizational changes. It also addresses challenges like paying for rare treatments, strategic reconfigurations, and maintaining partnerships during service reforms and procurement changes. Opportunities discussed include interest in public health from various groups, tackling inequalities remaining a priority, and the potential of initiatives like health and wellbeing boards and joint commissioning between local authorities and clinical groups.
Investing in public health improves health and well-being while reducing the economic burdens of illness and disability—an important return on investment (ROI) for all Americans.
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The document provides an overview of various organizational development concepts such as strategic planning, operational planning, governance, mission and vision statements, resource development, and human resources management. It discusses the purpose and components of strategic and operational planning, the importance of governance structures, how to develop mission and vision statements, and considerations for resource development and human resources management. The overall document serves as a useful reference for understanding different aspects of organizational capacity assessment and development.
This tool guides organizations through a capacity assessment, which will help local organizations assess and strengthen their institutional capacity and be able to compete for and secure international funding. Areas of assessment include governance, administration, human resource management, financial management, organizational management, and program management.
This presentation explores USAID's efforts to accelerate progress to end Tuberculosis (TB), the Global Accelerator to End TB, and how the agency is working with local organizations to fight TB.
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Dr. Monique Wubbenhorst, Deputy Assistant Administrator, Bureau for Global Health, USAID covers the agency's mission and how they address treatment and prevention of disease, with a focus on strengthening partnerships with faith-based organizations.
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USAID's Dianna Lightfoot explores examples of successful faith-based organization partnerships with USAID and shares resources to help organizations partner with USAID.
This document provides information about various initiatives at the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). It discusses USAID's Journey to Self-Reliance, Transformation, and New Partnerships Initiative. It also summarizes USAID's policy on working with religious organizations, stating that religious groups are eligible for funding, selection cannot be based on religious affiliation, and funds cannot support explicitly religious activities like worship. The document directs the reader to USAID's website for more information on these topics.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
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1. Chronic Diseases, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity:
The Epidemiology, The Word, The Evidence
The pool at Bethesda, John 5:2-8
Jonathan D. Quick, MD,MPH, President, Management Sciences for Health
Janneke C. Quick, Community Wellness Director, Live Well Winona
CCIH Annual Conference, June, 2012
2. CCIH Biblical Wisdom for Global Health Series
2008: Lessons from God's 1st Century Leadership Team for 21st
Century Christian Health Organizations - Teams that lead:
1. Are aligned around a compelling vision and shared values.
2. Are strengthened through diversity in skills and backgrounds.
3. Grow by embracing challenges.
2009: Biblical Wisdom for Digital Living – Wired for Technology,
Instructions Not Included
1. God has blessed us with boundless capacity to create technologies
2. Too often technologies separate, create inequalities, dehumanize
3. Scriptural wisdom can guide responsible use of technologies
2010: Injustice, Impact, Inspiration: Women, the MDGs, and Faith
1. Worldwide, women face stunning injustices in all areas of life
2. Women have dramatic positive impacts on human development
3. Faith inspires and empowers those combating injustice against women
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 2
3. Chronic Diseases, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity
1. Chronic NCDs: The Epidemic
2. Biblical Wisdom: The Word
3. Longevity: The Evidence
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 3
5. Epidemic of staggering proportions –
Already leading cause of death in all but
poorest countries
Deaths in millions (2008) In low and middle income
20 19.3 countries:
Injuries
• 28 million chronic NCD deaths
Communicable, maternal, perin • Among children, youth, working
15
atal, nutritional age adults – 8 million preventable
Chronic NCD NCD deaths
10 • 6 million from AIDS, TB, malaria
7.9 8
5.8 5.4
5 3.1
1.5
0.5
0
High Upper middle Lower middle Lower
income income
Source: WHO 2008
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 5
6. Stunning human impact of NCDs in low and
middle income countries (LMICs)
The NCD divide between rich and poor countries is deadly
• Death from breast & cervical cancer = pregnancy & childbirth
• A young diabetic will live 20 years with insulin – just 6 -18 months without
On current trends the problem will get worse before it gets better
• On the rise in LMICs, smoking will kill 1 billion people this century
• Urbanization in Africa has doubled overweight/obesity in reproductive age women
The human impact is huge – and so is the economic impact.
• Total worldwide cost of chronic NCDs > U.S. $6 trillion in 2010.
Potential impact of action is affordable and dramatic
• Just 2%/year in NCD deaths would save 36 million lives over a decade
• Annual cost < $2 per person for 5 ―best buy‖ interventions targeting tobacco,
salt, inactivity, alcohol, obesity, cardiovascular risks
Adapted from: XXXXX
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 6
7. An integrated, holistic response is require to
combat the rise in chronic non-communicable
diseases
Number of Deaths for low income countries
(each silhouette = 1 million annual deaths)
2004 2030 (projected)
Chronic diseases
(NCDs)
HIV, TB, malaria,
other
communicable
Maternal, perinata
l, related
Accidents and
injuries
Chart based on WHO Global Burden of Disease, 2004, figure 15
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 7
8. Is there a role for religion in combating chronic
NCDs? A web of risk factors and complex
treatment
Physical
Age activity Cancer
Diabetes
Type 2
Gender Nutrition
Blood Ischemic
Education Overweight lipids Heart Disease
Chronic
Income
Alcohol Respiratory
Blood
Disease
Environ- pressure
ment Smoking
Mental
Illness
Stress
Adapted from: WHO, Global Health Risks, 2009
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 8
9. Chronic Diseases, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity
1. Chronic NCDs: The Epidemic
2. Biblical Wisdom: The Word
3. Longevity: The Evidence
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 9
10. Jim Williamson – Healthy Vessels: A Christian
Guide for to edit Master title style
Click a Healthy Lifestyle
Motivation:
Good
biblical principles
Health
Recovery
Deterioration
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 10
11. The battle of our health and happiness is a
struggle of the „flesh‟ that can be won by living
Click„spirit‟edit Master title style
in the to
Importance of caring for your body
Therefore, I urge you, brothers and sisters, in view of God‟s mercy, to
offer your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God—this
is your true and proper worship. Romans 12:1
Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who
is in you, whom you have received from God? Therefore honor God
with your bodies.
1 Corinthians 6:19-20
So whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do it all for the glory
of God.
1 Corinthians 10:31
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 11
12. An abundant life - Biblical wisdom for healthy
living
I came that they may have life, and have it
abundantly.*
1. Moderation
For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty.
Proverbs 23:21
But the Holy Spirit produces this kind of fruit in our lives: love, joy,
peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and
self-control.
Galatians 5:22
Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one gets the
prize?
Run in such a way as to get the prize. Everyone who competes in the
games goes into strict training. They do it to get a crown that will not
last, but we do it to get a crown that will last forever.
1 Corinthians 9:24-25
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 12
13. An abundant life - Biblical wisdom for healthy
Click to edit Master title style
living
2. Nutrition
And God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed
that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit.
You shall have them for food.”
Genesis 1:29
The fat of an animal found dead or torn by wild animals may be used
for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
Leviticus 7:24
These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing
that moves about in the water and every creature that moves along the
ground. You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean,
between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be
eaten.
Leviticus 11:46-47
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 13
14. Daniel said ―no thanks‖ to a royal diet style
Click to edit Master title
Daniel & King Nebuchadnezzar
At the end of the ten days they looked
healthier and better nourished than
any of the young men who ate the
royal food.
So the guard took away their choice
food and the wine they were to drink
and gave them vegetables instead.
Daniel 1:15-16
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 14
15. The Daniel Plan – Rick Warren’s purpose-
driven lifestyle plan (www.danielplan.com)
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 15
16. An abundant life - Biblical wisdom for healthy
Click to edit Master title style
living
3. Physical Activity
Physical training is good.
1 Timothy 4:8
To this you were called, because
Christ suffered for you, leaving you
an example, that you should follow
in his steps.
1 Peter 2:21
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 16
17. An abundant life - Biblical wisdom for healthy
Click to edit Master title style
living
4. Rest
Six days you shall labor and do all your
work, but the seventh day is a sabbath to
the Lord your God. On it you shall not do
any work. For in six days the Lord made
the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all
that is in them, but he rested on the
seventh day.
Exodus 20:9-11
Come to me, all you who are weary and
burdened, and I will give you rest.
Matthew 11:28
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 17
18. An abundant life - Biblical wisdom for healthy
Click to edit Master title style
living
5. Healing
A man with leprosy came and knelt before him and said, “Lord, if you
are willing, you can make me clean.” Jesus reached out his hand and
touched the man. “I am willing,” he said. “Be clean!” Immediately he
was cleansed of his leprosy.
Matthew 8:2-3
When Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to him, asking
for help. “Lord,” he said, “my servant lies at home paralyzed, suffering
terribly.”
. . . Jesus said to him, “Shall I come and heal him?” The centurion
replied, “Lord, I do not deserve to have you come under my roof. But
just say the word, and my servant will be healed.”
. . . Then Jesus said to the centurion, “Go! Let it be done just as you
believed it would.” And his servant was healed at that moment.
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 18
19. A promise of edit health
Click to good Master title style
He said, “If you listen carefully to the
LORD your God and do what is right in his An abundant life
eyes, if you pay attention to his 1.Moderation
commands and keep all his decrees, I will
not bring on you any of the diseases I 2.Nutrition
brought on the Egyptians, for I am the 3.Physical activity
LORD, who heals you.”
4.Rest
Exodus 15:26
5. Healing
Godly people find life; evil people find
death.
Proverbs 11:19
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 19
20. Chronic Diseases, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity
1. Chronic NCDs: The Epidemic
2. Biblical Wisdom: The Word
3. Longevity: The Evidence
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 20
21. Do the Faithful live longer? Ask the Blue
Zones centenarians, 258/263 of who were
people of faith
Marge Jetton Marion Westermeyer Eleftheria Gaglia
Loma Linda, USA Greece
Nicoya
Costa Rica
Ishigaki Family
Okinawa,Japan
Church Festival, Sardinia
Source: D Buettner, The Blue Zones, 2009
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 21
22. Blue Zone video clip
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 22
23. Longevity and Faith – What is the state of
evidence, science, practice, and public
expectation?
A steadily growing scientific evidence base
2001: 850 publications, 70% positive results, 60% quality methods
2012: 1200 publications, 80% positive results, 72% quality
methods.
Increasing professional interest
1992: 3 medical schools offered religion/spirituality courses
2006: over100 of 141 U.S. and Canadian medical offered courses
Mismatch between needs, expectations and practice
70 to 80% of doctors believe spiritual factors influence a patient’s
health
72% of advanced cancer patients said spiritual needs not met
10% of U.S. physicians report routinely talking to patients on
spirituality Source:s HG Koenig et al, Handbook of Religion and Health, 2012;
<20% of patients report that a physicianReligion, and Health,spiritual 23-25
HG Koenig, Medicine, ever ask about 2008, pp.
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 23
24. “Market Share” – How commonly do people
from different faiths use religion for health?
United States – 42% overall, 62% cancer survivors use ―prayer for my own
health‖
Canada – Religious practice ranked fourth among six coping mechanisms for
terminal cancer patients, AIDS patients, and general population
UAE – 100% of 38 parents with cancer in a child turned to their religion
Morocco – 95% non-practicing believers among cancer patients started
practicing
Mexico – 70% of 2097 doctors felt religious beliefs were important
Taiwan – Of 1031 hospital patients & family visitors, 76% prayed to their god/s,
45% to Buddha, 24% to Chinese folklore gods
Japan – Among 305 cancer patients 17% believers, 17% unsure, 55% non-
believers
Europe – Daily prayer highest in Greece, Italy (54; 49%) lowest in Denmark,
Sweden (21; 14%)
Switzerland – 61-73% of children 10-12 yrs with health problems coped with
religion
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 24
25. What’s the evidence? Regular religious
service attenders have 30 to 40% increased
survival rates
Six-year survival and religious attendance
in 3,968 persons, ≥ 65 years
100
Probability of Survival
Once per week or more
90
80
Less than once per week
70
60
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400
1986 1992
Days of Follow-Up
Source: HG Koenig, J. Gerontology, 1999
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 25
26. Cost-effectiveness – religious attendance
better than statins (And after-effects that last
forever!)
Cost per life-year
Intervention Additional life-years
gained
Weekly religious 2 to 3 $3000 - $ 10,000
attendance (a)
Statin-type medications 2½ to 3½ $4000 to $ 14,000
for blood lipids (b)
Regular physical 3 to 5 $2000 to $6000
exercise (c)
Cost based on:
(a) Average per capita contributions to religious institutions = $ 516
(b) Average yearly cost statin-type therapy = $836
(c) Annual cost of local gym membership = $500
Source: DE Hall, JABFM, 2006
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 26
27. Mechanism of Action – How do religious practices
increase longevity – especially from chronic NCDs?
Personal factors
Source of social support – including church attendance (dose
effect)
Relaxation response – prayer
Modifier of behavior – reduced risk behavior, increased positive
behavior
Prosocial agent – altruism and volunteering
Reduction in risk factors
Smoking
Alcohol consumption
Exercise/fitness
Nutrition/diet
Increase in treatment effectiveness
Cancer treatment
Cardiac treatment
Sources: HG Koenig et al, Handbook of Religion and Health, 2012;
Diabetes treatment HG Koenig, Medicine, Religion, and Health, 2008
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 27
28. “Dose effect” – Frequency of church
attendance and reduced risk / mortality
Regular attendance at religious services versus
selected baseline risk factors
Never <weekly weekly >weekly
prevalence (%)
60
Age-adjusted
50
50
40
31
30 24 25
21
20 14 17
9
10
0
Current smoking lcohol in past month physical activity social support
A Low Low
Source: RF Gillum, AEP, 2008. longitudinal study 8450 Americans,
≥ 40 years, 1988-1994, 8.5 years average follow-up.
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 28
29. Adverse Effects – Can some religious beliefs or over-
reliance on prayer be harmful?
Source:
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 29
30. A role for religion in prevention and treatment of
chronic NCDs – tackling the web of risk factors
Physical
Age activity Cancer
Diabetes
Type 2
Gender Nutrition
Blood Ischemic
Education Overweight lipids Heart Disease
Chronic
Income
Alcohol Respiratory
Blood
Disease
Environ- pressure
ment Smoking
Mental
Illness
Stress
Adapted from: WHO, Global Health Risks, 2009
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 30
31. Lucy
The
Epidemiology Jim
The
Word
Simona
The
Evidence
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 31
32. Thank you
Stronger health systems. Greater health impact.
Saving lives and improving the health
of the world‟s poorest and most vulnerable people
by closing the gap between knowledge and action in public
health.
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 32
33. Faith and Health
Have you seen faith in action for healthy living? In whom?
Was Paul right::
I do not understand what I do. For what I want to do I do not
do, but what I hate I do. Romans 7: 15-16
How should this evidence drive/guide our programming
decisions?
What are some specific strategies or interventions that could
effectively address the risk factors of NCDs?
How can faith/religion/the church support a campaign to
reduce NCD risk factors (alcohol, inactivity/obesity, smoking)?
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 33
34. Resources on Religion and Health
Web Resources
//healthy-vessels.com/
//travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/happiest-places/
www.bluezones.com/
www.tomorrowsworld.org/magazines/2001/may-jun/bible-principles-of-health
www.tomorrowsworld.org/magazines/2001/mar-apr/are-you-walking-in-the-
footsteps-of-christ
Books
Medicine, Religion, and Health, HG Koenig, 2008
Healthy Vessels: A Christian Guide for a Healthy Lifestyle, J
Williamson, 2009
Handbook of Religion and Health, HG Koenig et al, 2012
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 34
35. Acknowledgements
Harold Koenig, Duke University
Laura van Vuuren, President, CCIH
Henry Moseley, Johns Hopkins
Jim Longhurst, Medway Village Church
Fred Harburg, Harburg Consulting, Human Performance Institute
Carol Meyer, Winona, MN
Kelsey Nagel, Management Sciences for Health
Barbara Ayotte, Management Sciences for Health
Kate Onyejekwe, Management Sciences for Health
Management Sciences for Health — 40 years of Strengthening Health Systems for Greater Health Impact 35
Editor's Notes
ABSTRACTChronic Diseases, Biblical Wisdom, Longevity: The Epidemiology, The Word, The Evidence. This session will weave together three inter-dependent realties: the magnitude of the accelerating chronic non-communicable diseases epidemic in low and middle income countries (LMIC), wisdom on healthy living that dates to the opening books of the Bible, and the growing body of evidence linking faith and longevity. The chronic diseases epidemic in LMIC is of staggering proportions, the NCD divide between rich and poor countries is deadly, on current trends the problem will get worse before it gets better, and the economic impact rivals the human impact is huge. The web of risk factors and often complex treatments requires a fundamentally different global health approach. Biblical wisdom from Moses’ 3500 year old preventive health instructions, to Christ’s numerous healing miracles, to Paul’s recognition of self-control as one of the fruits of the spirit provides lessons that speak as clearly to use today on the value of personal health and importance of healthy living. Evidence on faith and longevity provides practical insights for global health. We pray, attend church, perform acts of service and practice other habits of faith. But do we live healthier or longer lives as a result? We will look at now voluminous scientific evidence linking faith, chronic disease risk factors, emergence of clinical disease, and longevity. Together these three stands provide a pragmatic spiritual basis for tackling the most daunting challenge to date for global health.
The chronic diseases epidemicin LMIC is of staggering proportionsthe NCD divide between rich and poor countries is deadlyon current trends the problem will get worse before it gets betterthe economic impact rivals the human impact is hugeweb of risk factors and often complex treatments requires a fundamentally different global health approachCan faith helpBiblical wisdom from Moses’ 3500 year old preventive health instructions to Christ’s numerous healing miracles, to Paul’s recognition of self-control as one of the fruits of the spirit the Bible provides lessons that speak as clearly to us today on the value of personal health and importance of healthy living. Evidence on faith and longevity provides practical insights for global health We pray, attend church, read our Bible, perform acts of service and practice other habits of faith But do we live healthier or longer lives as a result? We will look at now voluminous scientific evidence linking faith, chronic disease risk factors, emergence of clinical disease, and longevity.
Let me take us to southern Africa for a moment. To Salima, Malawi, not far from the expansive Lake Malawi – or more properly Lake Nyasa. For three years, our colleague Lucy Sakala has helped counsel people seeking HIV tests at the District Hospital. She was employed by MSH as part of our efforts to support the government’s health system. Sakala is 28, married and the mother of an 8 year old girl. She loves her job, but a year ago she was diagnosed with uterine cancer. She has had chemotherapy and surgery, which have sapped her energy and at times been painful. In the counseling sessions for people who have tested positive for AIDS, she sometimes tells people about her illness. “I tell them they should live positively,” she says. “There are things worse serious than HIV – like some cancers.” And I tell them I have cancer, and it’s difficult. But I live positively. Even as she speaks she is thinking of the yesterday’s seven-hour round-trip to the nearest city to see her doctor. He says she needs more chemotherapy and advised her to go Zambia to receive radiation therapy. Sakala doesn’t have the money for either. It seems a cruel paradox that those caring for patients with AIDS – for whom so much has been done in the last decade – should themselves suffer and die from diseases that have been around far longer than AIDS – and that may be entirely curable. In a very real way, this paradox lies at the heart of this week’s UN High Level Meeting on Non-Communicable Diseases.
‘Big 4’ chronic diseases = heart, lung, cancer, diabetes‘Big 4’ risk factors account for 8 million annual premature (<age 60) deaths in LMCs (tobacco, diet, alcohol, inactivity) (vs 6 million from AIDS, TB, malaria)
Urbanization in Africa has doubled overweight/obesity in reproductive age women in Ethiopia, Benin, Kenya, Ghana and reaching over 40% in NigeriaThese interventions would reap enormous economic and human benefitsDespite this, NCDs receive only 0.9% of health official development assistance
2004 2030NCDs 10 M 17 M nearly doubleHIV, TB, 10 M 5 M cut in halfmalaria, other communicable Maternal, 4 M 3 MperinatalAccidents 2 M 4 MinjuriesWill require a very different approach
PLEASE ADD to Rest slide (slide 16): The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing. He makes me lie down in green pastures,he leads me beside quiet waters, he refreshes my soul. Psalm 23: 1-3 PLEASE ADD to Moderation slide (slide 12):I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly. John 10:10
From this coming Monday’s Time Magazine (June 11, 2012)What is The Daniel Plan?So whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God. 1 Corinthians 10:31 The Daniel Plan is not just another "diet". It’s a lifestyle based on the biblical story of Daniel, who forsook the king's rich food in order to honor God's best for him and his friends. The Daniel Plan focuses on "The Simple Six" Core Principles, including the following: CONNECT for Success - Get in touch with your health and with others!RELY on God's Power - Willpower is not enough. You need God's power.EAT Delicious Whole Foods - Imagine the Garden of Eden as your food source.MOVE Your Way to Health - Get going. The more exercise, the more energy!THINK Sharper and Smarter - Better brain health = better life!HEAL for Life - Make a game plan for permanent changes that heal.The Daniel Plan includes guidance from three world-class medical authorities and other wellness professionals, including:Functional medicine specialist Dr. Mark HymanBrain health expert Dr. Daniel AmenHeart surgeon Dr. Mehmet Oz
Sabbath rest is about not working, but also about the fellowship of coming together for worship and community events. “A change is a rest.”The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing. He makes me lie down in green pastures,he leads me beside quiet waters, he refreshes my soul. Psalm 23: 1-3
27 of Jesus’ 37 miracles were healing (23) or raising from the dead (3)In Matthew and Mark, a healing was the first reported miracle
98% of the 263 centenarian interviewed by the National Geographic team Faith - Community – Belonging - Sabbath restClockwise from upper left:Faith and Purpose - When she turned 100, Marge Jetton renewed her driver’s license for another five years. But what truly keeps her going, she says, is her Christian faith. The church encourages and provides opportunities for its members to volunteer. Centenarians like Jetton stay active, find sense of purpose, and stave off depression by focusing on helping others.Daily exercise – Here, 94-year-old Marion Westermeyer emerges from his daily swim in Loma Linda. “I've always needed exercise," says the Seventh-day Adventist. Regular, low-intensity exercise like daily walks appears to reduce the chances of having heart disease and certain cancers. Maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI) is also important. Adventists with healthy BMIs who keep active and eat meat sparingly, if at all, have lower blood pressure, lower blood cholesterol, and less cardiovascular disease than heavier Americans with higher BMIs.Lifestyle for longevity/Greece – The lifestyle of Ikaríans like Eleftheria Gaglia (above) has helped them become some of the longest-lived people in the world. Even the tradition of the afternoon nap may contribute to such longevity. Daily naps have been shown to lower the risk of heart disease and the likelihood of depression—and to increase happiness.Sense of Purpose /Costa Rica – A senior Nicoyan woman relaxes for a portrait. After waking up at 4 a.m., she bakes tortillas for a couple of hours and walks five miles to the village to sell them. In addition to keeping hard at work, successful centenarians have a strong sense of purpose—a plan de vida for the Nicoyans. They feel needed and want to contribute to a greater good.Family / Sardinia – Women gather at a church during a festival. In Sardinia, elders are celebrated and family is revered. Grandparents can provide love, child care, financial help, wisdom, and expectations and motivation to perpetuate traditions and push children to succeed in their lives. By turn, elders feel a sense of belonging in their families and communities. They live at home, where they’re likely to receive better care and remain more engaged than they would in a nursing home or assisted-living facility.Paying Respects – The ritual of daily offerings to ancestors is a cornerstone of spiritual life on Okinawa. Here, the Ishigaki family worships their ancestors at the family tomb on the Okinawan island of Taketomi. Once a year, families on Taketomi gather to worship their ancestors with a feast for the living as well as the dead.“All but five of the 263 centenarians we interviewed belonged to some faith-based community. It doesn’t matter if you’re Christian, Buddhist, Muslim, Jewish or some other religion that meets as a community. Research shows that weekly attendance at faith-based services will add 4-14 years of life expectancy.” Buettner, Dan (21 April 2009) [2008]. The Blue Zones: Lessons for Living Longer From the People Who've Lived the Longest National Geographic.
Blue Zones Costa Rica Quest Day 7 - What role does religion play in longevity? Juan and Simona Guevarra of Nicoya, Costa Rica help us explore the complex link between longevity and faith.
In 70% of the 2/3 of medical schools offering courses, they were required
In US: Most commonly used form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). 2002 National Health Interview Survey.United Arab Emirates (UAE) Afghanistan – For community-dwelling seekers of emotional support in a war zone, 98% turned to Allah, 81% to family
D.E. Hall, "Religious Attendance: More Cost-Effective Than Lipitor?" JournaJ of the American Board of Family Medicine 19 (2006): 103-9.DE Hall, JABFM, 2006
Note the dose effect of attendance on risk factors.Definitions matter Religion = system of beliefs and practices observed by community, supported by rituals that acknowledge, worship, communicate with, or approach a Higher Power. Relies scriptures/teachings and a moral code.Spirituality = the individual connection with the transcendent or supernatural and search for ultimate meaning through religion, family, naturalism, rationalism, humanism, or the arts. HG Koenig, Medicine, Religion, and Health, 2008
Those attending more than weekly had 30% reduced mortality risk.Those attending weekly had nearly 20% reduced mortality risk.Reduced risk was explained in part by reduced risk factors associated Never <weekly weekly >weekly Female 46.6 51.7 60.3 60.0 OBJECTIVE: Few nationally representative cohort studies have appeared on frequency of attendance at religious services and mortality. We test the hypothesis that O weekly attendance compared with nonattendance at religious services is associated with lower probability of future mortality in such a study.METHODS: Data were analyzed from a longitudinal follow-up study of 8450 American men and women age 40 years and older who were examined from 1988 to 1994 and followed an average of 8.5 years. Measurements at baseline included self-reported frequency of attendance at religious services, sociodemographics, and health, physical and biochemical measurements.RESULTS: Death during follow-up occurred in 2058. After adjusting for confounding by baseline sociodemographics and health status, the hazards ratios (95% confidence limits) were never 1.00 (reference); <weekly 0.89 (0.75–1.04), p Z 0.15; weekly 0.82 (0.71–0.94) p Z 0.005; and O weekly attenders 0.70 (0.59–0.83), p ! 0.001. Mediators, including health behaviors and inflammation, explained part of the association.CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide cohort ofAmericans, predominantly Christians, analyses demonstrated a lower risk of death independent of confounders among those reporting religious attendance at least weekly compared to never. The association was substantially mediated by health behaviors and other risk factors.R.F. GILLUM, MD, MS, DANA E. KING, MD, MS, THOMAS O. OBISESAN, MD, MPH, AND HAROLD G. KOENIG, MD, MHS. Ann Epidemiol 2008;18:124–129.
12.15pm GMTJehovah's Witness mother dies after refusing blood transfusionShare 14EmailFred Attewillguardian.co.uk, Monday 5 November 2007 14.17 EST A 22-year-old mother died just hours after giving birth to twins because doctors were forbidden from giving her a blood transfusion as a Jehovah's Witness. Emma Gough's family, including her Jehovah's Witness husband, Anthony, 24, refused to overrule her wishes and she died after losing blood.In Child Deaths, a Test for Christian ScienceBy DAVID MARGOLICKPublished: August 06, 1990David and Ginger Twitchell, a Christian Science couple from Massachusetts who relied on prayer rather than on doctors as their young son lay dying from an obstructed bowel, were convicted of involuntary manslaughter last month. It was a stunning verdict, coming as it did in the very shadow of the Mother Church in Boston.But the death of 2-year-old Robyn Twitchell and the conviction that followed was only the latest of a number of successful prosecutions of Christian Scientists whose children died agonizing deaths after spiritual healing failed.The prosecutions, like many historic constitutional cases, represent a clash of apparent absolutes: of religious liberty and parental autonomy on the one hand and the right of the states to protect children - and the rights of the children themselves - on the other.
The magnitude of the growing chronic NCD epidemic in low income countries is stragering – Lucy Sakala is but one of millions of examples of that’s at stake for people in these countries. The Biblical wisdom on our bodies, our health and healthy living from Moses,the prophets, Christ, and Paul is more relevent than ever – and as powewrful as it has always been as evidenced by the life of Jim Williamson. What is The Daniel Plan?So whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God. 1 Corinthians 10:31 The Daniel Plan is not just another "diet". It’s a lifestyle based on the biblical story of Daniel, who forsook the king's rich food in order to honor God's best for him and his friends. The Daniel Plan focuses on "The Simple Six" Core Principles, including the following: CONNECT for Success - Get in touch with your health and with others!RELY on God's Power - Willpower is not enough. You need God's power.EAT Delicious Whole Foods - Imagine the Garden of Eden as your food source.MOVE Your Way to Health - Get going. The more exercise, the more energy!THINK Sharper and Smarter - Better brain health = better life!HEAL for Life - Make a game plan for permanent changes that heal. Three decades of research and over 1000 scientific studies confirm what National Geographic’s Dan Buettner has found in Simona’s town of Nicoya Costa Rica and the other “Blue Zones”: the evidence is growing that faith not only heals, but also lengths our healthy life span. While the practice of Faith – including regular church attendance – may be nearly as effective as exercise or lipid-lowering medicines, there will be many, many skeptics. Our role is not to be simply people of faith – but also people willing to share and use the knowledge that faith is a powerful force for healthy living and longevity.THANK YOU