This document provides guidance on scientific paper writing. It discusses the basic structure of a scientific paper, including the introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections. It emphasizes that the methods section must describe the study in enough detail that other researchers could replicate it. The document also addresses writing the title, abstract, and keywords to concisely summarize the paper's key points. Overall, it aims to help authors structure their paper in a clear, logical manner according to scientific writing conventions.

1. CÁCH VIẾT BÀI BÁO KHOA HỌC
(SCIENTIFIC PAPER WRITING)
Scientific Writing Workshop
HCM City, Vietnam, 26-27 Nov. 2011
Organised by the Univerity of Medicine & Pharmacy, HCMC.
Endorsed by the Asia-Pacific Association
of Medical Journal Editors (APAME)

2. 2
CÁCH VIẾT BÀI BÁO KHOA HỌC
Scientific Writing Workshop
HCM City, Vietnam, 26-27 Nov. 2011
- Professor Datuk Dr. L.M. Looi
Professor of Pathology, University of Malaya, &
Editor-in-Chief, Malaysian Journal of Pathology
- Professor Wilfred CG Peh
Singapore Medical Journal, National University of Singapore
- Professor JF Lapeña Jr. M.A., M.D., F.P.C.S
Univerity of Phillipines Manila, The Health Sciences Center
- Professor Dr. John T. Arokiasamy
International Medical University, Malaysia
Editorial Advisor, Medical Journal of Malaysia

3. 3
WHY WRITE?
WHY PUBLISH?
Writing is a way of life in Science:
• Search for knowledge & understanding
• Ideas & hypothesis testing
• Factual observations
• Accurate records
• Challenge & Debate

4. 4
THE PURPOSE OF
PUBLICATION
• A scientific experiment is not
completed until results are published
• Inform peers of discoveries
• Allow other workers to verify findings
• Join the realm of scientists and
scholars

5. 5
Wrong reasons for writing ?
• Publish or perish
• Ego-booster
• Padding CV

6. 6
How to write?
A good paper has content, structure
and style
Basic Structure : IMRAD
Introduction : Why did we start?
Method (Materials & Methods): What
did we do?
R esults : What did we find?
And
Discussion : What does it mean?

7. 7
How to write?
BASIC STRUCTURE
• Other components:
– title, title page
– abstract, keywords
– tables, graphs, figures
– acknowledgements
– appendices
– references

8. 8
Scientific Writing Style
• Factual, literal & unemotional
vs metaphorical & poetic
• Precise vs ambiguous
• Concise vs repetitive
• Formal vs conversational

9. 9
TYPES OF PAPERS
Authors should:
– be clear about type of paper they are
planning to write
– construct manuscript
– according to guidelines for the
specific paper type

10. 10
American Journal of Roentgenology

11. 11

12. Title, Abstract, Keywords
The Title
- It should be short, clear, informative,
precise and specific.
- It should have maximum information with
minimum words
- It should attract readers with similar
interests to read the document
- The title is reviewed after the document
being prepared is completed

13. The Title
• “Gastrointestinal manifestations of Dengue
infection in adults”
• Psychological Distress, Quality of Life, and
Coping in Cancer Patients: A Prospective
Study
MJM Dec 2008

14. Title
• May describe the subject of the article:
“Pattern of lung cancer in Malaysia”
• May describe the focus in a field of study:
“The relationship of obesity and exercise in
Diabetes Mellitus”
• May describe the outcome of an experiment:
“Aflatoxin induces liver cancer in rats”

15. Title page
– Title
– Author(s) – initials and name(s); degree;
address
– Corresponding author with address

17. Abstract
• This is most widely read
• Sometimes referred to as the summary
• Located at the beginning of the article
• It must be easily understood to one who is
not reading the whole article
• Conveys scope of the study
• Provides as much information as possible in
a limited space

18. Uses of Abstract
• Helps decide if the paper is worth reading
• Helps readers keep up to date with new
developments
• Available in on-line databases

19. Writing the Abstract
• Structured vs Unstructured
• Structured Abstract outlines:
– Purpose (Aims os ojective)/Background
– Methods of the work
– Important findings (Results)
– Conclusion

20. UNSTRUCTURED ABSTRACT

21. STRUCTURED ABSTRACT

22. Writing the Abstract
• Use simple language
• Objective and factual
• Avoid abbreviations, references
• Maximum length is 250 words
• Followed by 3 to 10 keywords

24. Keywords
• Inserted at the end of the abstract
• Helps compilation of index and cross
referencing
• Helps literature search

25. Keywords
• Based on the focus of the study
• Captures main topics of the article
• 3 to 10 words
• Terms from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH
terms) list in Index Medicus are used

27. Writing the Introduction
What am I going to say?
• Introduce a specific topic
• Provide background information about what
has already been done by others, supported
by a limited number of relevant references
• Inform about the purpose of the paper, what it
will address, and how it relates to previous
work
3S: Short, Sharp, Swift

28. Writing the Introduction
The 3 paragraph rule:
• What is the problem? (1st paragraph)
- Describe the problem to be investigated
• Why is it important? (2nd paragraph)
- Review relevant research to provide rationale; show the gap
• What solution do you propose? (3rd paragraph)
- Briefly describe your ideas: hypothesis(es), aim; research
question(s)…

29. 1st paragraph

30. 2nd paragraph

31. 3rd paragraph

32. Writing the Introduction
Common errors:
• Overlong and rambling introduction section
• Extensive listing of references
• Extensive critique of others’ work
• Important previous work missing
• Objectives not clearly stated
• Inclusion of data or conclusions from the work
being reported

33. WRITING THE MATERIALS
AND METHODS
Also known as
– Subjects and methods
– Patients and methods
– Methodology
– Methods

34. • Most important part of paper
• Flaws in this section will lead to rejection

35. WRITING THE MATERIALS
AND METHODS
Purpose of M&M
• Describe study in sufficient detail
• Other competent researchers are able to repeat
the study
• Details are important
Tải bản FULL (68 trang): https://bit.ly/3q8P2dv
Dự phòng: fb.com/TaiHo123doc.net

36. WRITING THE MATERIALS
AND METHODS
Components of M&M
• What was done?
• How was it done? • How was it done?
• How was the data analysed?
• Do not include data obtained during course of
study (Results)
Tải bản FULL (68 trang): https://bit.ly/3q8P2dv
Dự phòng: fb.com/TaiHo123doc.net

37. WRITING THE MATERIALS
AND METHODS
• Usually the first section to be written during
manuscript preparation
• Description of how study was conducted - Use
past tense
4231347