Cataracts are clouding of the lens inside the eye that degrade vision over time and are caused by aging, sun exposure, diabetes, corticosteroid use, and genetics. They are typically treated with phacoemulsification surgery which uses ultrasound to break up and remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens. While very safe and effective, cataract surgery complications are rare but can include infection, swelling, or the artificial lens not functioning properly.
Good to know, since we are likely to get cataract sooner or later.
Take care of your precious eyes before cataract starts to form.
Watch this power point presentation.
This is a topic of sensory organ and this is detailed topic and can be refered by all nursing students bsc, msc and gnm which give you overall idea and things related to cataractwhich include definition, anat and physio, risk factor, pathophysiology, clinical menifestation, diagnostic evaluation, and management
Good to know, since we are likely to get cataract sooner or later.
Take care of your precious eyes before cataract starts to form.
Watch this power point presentation.
This is a topic of sensory organ and this is detailed topic and can be refered by all nursing students bsc, msc and gnm which give you overall idea and things related to cataractwhich include definition, anat and physio, risk factor, pathophysiology, clinical menifestation, diagnostic evaluation, and management
Vinayak Hospital , a unit of Dr Agarwals Eye Hospital – A Super Specialty Eye Hospital in Indore, providing eye care services of national standards is situated in Indore. It is an NABH- National Board of Hospitals & Healthcare Providers accredited hospital with a vision to become the premier eye care organisation by achieving excellence in patient care through latest medical technology and quality health care services. Eyes are among the most sensitive organs in the body, and therefore they need the best possible care in a top-quality environment and under the supervision of expert ophthalmologists. At Vinayak Hospital, all services related to Eye care which includes outpatient & Inpatient services, Diagnostics, Laboratory, Opticals & Pharmacy are available under one roof.
https://vinayaknetralaya.org/
https://www.dragarwal.com/
As we get older, the lens inside the eye gradually becomes misty or cloudy. When the vision becomes hazy, the condition is known as cataract. Cataract still continues to be the leading cause of treatable blindness. This condition can be treated by surgery which can also be done when you have other eye diseases like diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma.
Vinayak Hospital , a unit of Dr Agarwals Eye Hospital – A Super Specialty Eye Hospital in Indore, providing eye care services of national standards is situated in Indore. It is an NABH- National Board of Hospitals & Healthcare Providers accredited hospital with a vision to become the premier eye care organisation by achieving excellence in patient care through latest medical technology and quality health care services. Eyes are among the most sensitive organs in the body, and therefore they need the best possible care in a top-quality environment and under the supervision of expert ophthalmologists. At Vinayak Hospital, all services related to Eye care which includes outpatient & Inpatient services, Diagnostics, Laboratory, Opticals & Pharmacy are available under one roof.
https://vinayaknetralaya.org/
https://www.dragarwal.com/
As we get older, the lens inside the eye gradually becomes misty or cloudy. When the vision becomes hazy, the condition is known as cataract. Cataract still continues to be the leading cause of treatable blindness. This condition can be treated by surgery which can also be done when you have other eye diseases like diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma.
Global Medical Cures™ | CATARACT (What you should know)
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Cataract Surgery Recovery Timeline: Navigating the Road to Clear Vision. Cataract surgery is a common and safe procedure, but understanding the recovery process can be overwhelming. Our blog is here to guide you through the recovery timeline, from pre-surgery preparation to post-surgery care. We'll cover the most common symptoms, tips for a speedy recovery and help you to set realistic expectations. Join us as we navigate the road to clear vision and regain your confidence.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. What is Cataract?
• Cataracts are changes in clarity of the
natural lens inside the eye that gradually
degrade visual quality.
• Clouding that develops in the crystalline
lens of the eye or in its envelope (lens
capsule), varying in degree from slight to
complete opacity and obstructing the passage
of light
3.
4. Cause
• The lens is made mostly of water and protein.
Specific proteins within the lens are
responsible for maintaining its clarity. But as
we age, some of the protein may clump
together and start to cloud a small area of the
lens. This is a cataract, and over time, it may
grow larger and cloud more of the
lens, making it harder to see. The following
causes are...
5. • Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and other sources
-Sunlight consists of ultraviolet (referred to as UVA or UVB)
radiation, which penetrates the layers of the skin. Both UVA and UVB have
destructive properties that can promote cataracts. The eyes are protected
from the sun by eyelids and the structure of the face (overhanging
brows, prominent cheekbones, and the nose). Long-term exposure to
sunlight, however, can overcome these defenses.
• Diabetes
-High blood sugar in diabetes causes the lens of the eye to
swell, which changes your ability to see. To correct this kind of eye
problem, you need to get your blood sugar back into the target range (90-
130 milligrams per deciliter or mg/dL before meals, and less than 180
mg/dL one to two hours after a meal). It may take as long as three months
after your blood sugar is well controlled for your vision to fully get back to
normal.
• Hypertension
6. • Obesity
• Smoking
-Cigarette smoking is a definite risk factor for cataracts and it is dose related
- the more you smoke and the longer the duration of smoking, the greater the
cataract risk.
• Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications
-Because oral corticosteroids affect your entire body instead of just a
particular area, this form is the most likely to cause significant side effects. Side
effects depend on the dose of medication you receive.
- Corticosteroids mimic the effects of hormones your body produces
naturally in your adrenal glands, which sit atop your kidneys. When prescribed in
doses that exceed your body's usual levels, corticosteroids suppress
inflammation, which can reduce the signs and symptoms of inflammatory
conditions, such as arthritis and asthma.
• Statin medicines used to reduce cholesterol
-"Statins" is a class of drugs that lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood
by reducing the production of cholesterol by the liver. (The other source of
cholesterol in the blood is dietary cholesterol.) Statins block the enzyme in the
liver that is responsible for making cholesterol.
• Previous eye injury ,Inflammation or Previous eye surgery
• Hormone replacement therapy
• Significant alcohol consumption
• High myopia
• Family history
7. Types of Cataract
• A subcapsular cataract occurs at the back of the lens.
People with diabetes or those taking high doses of
steroid medications have a greater risk of developing a
subcapsular cataract.
• A nuclear cataract forms deep in the central zone
(nucleus) of the lens. Nuclear cataracts usually are
associated with aging.
• A cortical cataract is characterized by white, wedge-
like opacities that start in the periphery of the lens and
work their way to the center in a spoke-like fashion.
This type of cataract occurs in the lens cortex, which is
the part of the lens that surrounds the central nucleus.
8. Who usually gets affected by Cataract?
• While cataracts are often associated with
aging, there is no hard and fast rule as to who
gets them. They can form in adults as early as
age 40. They can also affect babies and small
children. In some cases, they are hereditary.
9. How to prevent getting Cataract?
• The standard cataract surgical procedure is typically
performed in either a hospital or in an ambulatory surgery
center. The most common form of cataract surgery today is
a process called phacoemulsification. With the use of an
operating microscope, your surgeon will make a very small
incision in the surface of the eye in or near the cornea. A
thin ultrasound probe is inserted into the eye that uses
ultrasonic vibrations to dissolve (phacoemulsify) the
clouded lens. These tiny fragmented pieces are then
suctioned out through the same ultrasound probe. Once
the cataract is removed, an artificial lens is placed into the
same thin capsular bag that the cataract occupied.
This intraocular lens is essential to help your eye focus after
surgery.
10. There are three basic techniques for cataract surgery:
• Phacoemulsification: This is the most common form of cataract removal as
explained above. In this most modern method, cataract surgery can usually be
performed in less than 30 minutes and usually requires only minimal sedation
and numbing drops, no stitches to close the wound, and no eye patch after
surgery.
• Extracapsular cataract surgery: This procedure is used mainly for very
advanced cataracts where the lens is too dense to dissolve into fragments
(phacoemulsify) or in facilities that do not have phacoemulsification
technology. This technique requires a larger incision so that the cataract can be
removed in one piece without being fragmented inside the eye. An artificial
lens is placed in the same capsular bag as with the phacoemulsification
technique. This surgical technique requires a various number of sutures to
close the larger wound, and visual recovery is often slower. Extracapsular
cataract extraction usually requires an injection of numbing medication around
the eye and an eye patch after surgery.
• Intracapsular cataract surgery: This surgical technique requires an even larger
wound than extracapsular surgery, and the surgeon removes the entire lens
and the surrounding capsule together. This technique requires the intraocular
lens to be placed in a different location, in front of the iris. This method is
rarely used today but can be still be useful in cases of significant trauma.
11. Complications of Cataract Surgery
• While cataract surgery is one of the safest procedures available with a high rate of
success, rare complications can arise. Your ophthalmologist will discuss the specific
potential complications of the procedure that are unique to your eye prior to
having you sign a consent form. The most common difficulties arising after surgery
are persistent inflammation, changes in eye pressure, infection, or swelling of the
retina at the back of the eye, and retinal detachment. If the delicate bag the lens
sits in is injured, then the artificial lens may need to be placed in a different
location. In very rare cases, the intraocular lens moves or does not function
properly and may need to be repositioned, exchanged, or removed. All of these
complications are extremely rare but can lead to significant visual loss if left
untreated; thus, close follow-up is required after surgery.
• In some cases, within months to years after surgery the thin lens capsule may
become cloudy, and you may have the sensation that the cataract is returning
because your vision is becoming blurry again. This process is termed posterior
capsule opacification, or a "secondary cataract." To restore vision, a laser is used in
the office to painlessly create a hole in the cloudy bag. This procedure takes only a
few minutes in the office, and vision usually improves rapidly.
12. How to avoid/ Prevention of Cataract
• At present, there is no real effective way to prevent the
formation of cataracts, so secondary prevention involves
controlling other eye diseases that can cause cataracts and
minimizing exposure to factors that promote cataracts...
• Wearing sunglasses outside during the day might reduce
your chances of developing cataracts or having problems
with the retina. Some sunglasses can filter out UV
light, reducing exposure to harmful UV radiation and might
slow the progression of cataracts.
13. • Some people take vitamins, minerals, and herbal
extracts to decrease cataract formation. No scientific
data prove that these remedies are effective. No
topical or oral medications or supplements are proven
to decrease the chance of developing cataracts.
• A healthy lifestyle might help, just as a healthy lifestyle
helps prevent other diseases in the body. Eat a proper
diet, get regular exercise and rest, and do not smoke.
• If you have diabetes, tight blood-sugar control can
delay the otherwise accelerated development of
cataracts.