This presentation outlines the key aspects of case study research design. It discusses the importance of context, the use of theory for building or testing explanations, and research methodology. Primary and secondary data sources are examined, including interviews, documents, observations and questionnaires. The composition of case studies is explained as focusing on research questions, theoretical propositions, units of analysis, logic and evaluation. Multiple methods and longitudinal data collection can be used. Case studies are useful for exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research aimed at understanding how and why phenomena occur.

1. HAROON AKHTAR
2016-MPHILLMS-05
12/13/2018 UVAS BUSINESS SCHOOL 1
Presented To»
Dr. Sir Ammanulllah
Presented By»

2. PRESENTATIONOUTLINE
 Case Study Research Design
 Importance of the Context in Case Study Research Designs
 Usage of Theory in Case Study Research Design
 Theory Building
 Research Methodology Used in Case Study
 Data Gathering Sources
 Primary Data Source
 Secondary Data Source
 Primary & Secondary Data Source Diagram
 Composition of Case Study
 Summary of Research Methodologies of Case Studies
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3. When to use Case Studies
 As discussed below case studies are useful in providing
answers to ‘How?’ and ‘Why?’ questions, and in this role can
be used for exploratory, descriptive or explanatory research.
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Choosing a Research Strategy
Strategy Strategy Form of research question
Experiment
Survey
Archival analysis
History
Case study
How, why
Who, what, where, how many, how much
Who, what, where, how many, how much
How, why
How, why

4. Importance of the Context in Case Study Research Designs
 A case study is a detailed investigation of one or more
organizations, or groups within organizations, conducted to
analyze the processes of a phenomenon within the context under
study. (Hartley, 1994)
 EXAMPLE:
 The explanation of the phenomenon (e.g., a closure) is done
within its context (e.g., the particular organization that is closing
down) and is of interest in relation to its context.
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5. Usage of Theory in Case Study Research Design
 Case studies are used in management research to
generate theory or to Test existing theory
 The purpose of a case study is to find/ understand
How or Why Phenomena occur ?? And
Not to just identify the problem rather assessing
the condition surrounding the phenomena and
its casual linkage to its consequences.
(McCutcheon &Meredith, 1993)
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6. Usage of Theory in Case Study Research Design
Theory Building
 Case studies often apply an inductive approach to
theory building, deriving it from detailed
observation of the situation.
 Without a theory, a case study would be little more
than a story about a unique situation. With a theory,
however, case studies can explain fundamental
organizational or other processes. (Hartley, 1994).
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7.  A single instance is insufficient to support a theory, but a
positive finding encourages confidence in a theory’s
predictive power. (Sommer & Sommer, 1991)
 Therefore, case studies can be used to support, expand, or
raise doubts concerning existing theories, case studies
designed to determine ‘how’ or ‘why’ events occur, as
explanatory studies. (McCutcheon & Meredith, 1993) Yin (2003)
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Usage of Theory in Case Study Research Design
Theory Building

8. RESEARCH METHODOLGY USED IN CS
(Eisenhardt, 1989; Yin, 2003)
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9. RESEARCH METHODOLGY USED IN CS
Data Gathering Sources
 For clearing the picture and adequate understanding
researcher may gather data from
 Primary sources: such as direct observations or interviews of
people involved
 Secondary sources: such as documents or records
Examination of a single situation
Multiple case studies, several related situations
McCutcheon and Meredith (1993)
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10. Primary & Secondary Data Sources
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11. RESEARCH METHODOLGY USED IN CASE STUDY
Researcher choice
 The researcher may examine up to a dozen cases and may
carefully match pairs of cases. In this way, multiple case
studies permit both within-case and cross-case analysis.
(Yin, 2003).
 Alternatively, contrasts can be developed within a particular
case; for example, comparing groups or departments within a
case to explain the same phenomenon (Hartley, 1994).
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12. Composition of Case Studies
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Research
questions
These usually focus on ‘how’ and ‘why’ organizational
phenomena occur.
Theoretical
propositions
Theory is either induced from the case study
or tested. If tested, the tested theory should clarify specific
research questions.
Units of
analysis
In theory generation, one purpose of the study is to
determine most meaningful unit.
Logic &
Evaluation
linking data to these theoretical propositions and
evaluating these proposition.

13. Multi-method
Interviews
One or more
cases
Longitudinal Data
Observation
One or more Researchers
Primary &Secondary
Questionnair
es
Summary
Summary of Research Methodologies of Case Studies
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14. Data Collection References
 Hartley, 1994.
 Lee (1999)
 Yin, 2003.
 McCutcheon & Meredith, 1993.
 Sommer & Sommer, 1991
 Lectures of Sir Ammanullah
 www. Jstore.com
 Book published by Umme Sekran of Research Methodology
 Easton, G. (1992) Learning from case studies. 2nd edition, Hemel Hempstead:
Prentice Hall.
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15. FEEL FREE TO RAISE ANY QUERY ………………………….
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