This document describes a case study on designing circuits using PN junction diodes and Zener diodes. It discusses using a shunt PN junction diode to clip an input AC signal of amplitude 5V either above 2V and below -4V or between 2V and -4V. It provides details on the components, types of diodes, circuit diagrams, applications, advantages and disadvantages. The circuits use a positive or negative bias to clip the signal either above or below 3 volts. In conclusion, a PN junction diode is used to clip the output voltage above and below 3volts.

1. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(AUTONOMUS)
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
CASE STUDY ON :
DESIGN THE CIRCUITS USING PN JUNCTION DIODE
AND ZENOR DIODES.
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
PRESENTED BY :
P.ESWAR (18981A0237)
P.MOHAN (18981A0238)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF P.SUPRIYA (18981A239)
Mr.LAL BABU ASST PROFESSOR P.NITISH(18981A0240)
P.SANJAY (18981A0241)

2. CONTENTS :
QUESTION
COMPONENTS
TYPES OF DIODES
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

3. QUESTION :
DESIGN THE CIRCUITS USING SHUNT PN JUNCTION DIODE,
TO REMOVE
A. THE PART ABOVE 2V AND BELOW -4V INPUT AC SIGNAL
HAVING AMPLITUDE 5V
B. THE PART BETWEEN 2V AND -4V INPUT AC SIGNAL
HAVING AMPLITUDE 5V

4. COMPONENTS :
HARDWARE :
 RESISTOR
 VOLTAGE SOURE
 DIODE
SOFTWARE :
 PERSONAL COMPUTER
 B2 SPICE SOFTWARE

5. DIODE
• A diode is a semiconductor device that essentially acts as a one-way
switch for current. It allows current to flow easily in one direction, but
severely restricts current from flowing in the opposite direction.
• Diodes are also known as rectifiers because they change alternating
current (ac) into pulsating direct current (dc). Diodes are rated according to
their type, voltage, and current capacity.

6. A zenor diode is a type of diode that allows current to flow not
only from its anode to its cathode, but also in the reverse
direction, when the zenor voltage is reached.
ZENOR DIODE

7. P-N JUNCTION DIODE
• A p-n junction diode is referred to as a minority carrier device since its current
conduction is controlled by the minority carrier diffusion process (i.e., electrons in
the p-region and holes in the n-region).

8. To produce diode clipping circuits for voltage waveforms at different levels, a bias
voltage, VBIAS is added in series with the diode to produce a combination clipper as shown.
The voltage across the series combination must be greater than VBIAS + 0.7V before the
diode becomes sufficiently forward biased to conduct. If the VBIAS level is set at 1.3 volts,
then the sinusoidal voltage at the diode’s anode terminal must be greater than 2.3 + 0.7 = 3
volts for it to become forward biased. Any anode voltage levels above this bias point are
clipped off.
POSITIVE BIAS DIODE CLIPPING

9. CIRCUIT FOR ABOVE 3VOLTS
(POSITIVE BIAS DIODE CLIPPING)

11. CLIPPING ABOVE 3VOLTS

12. By reversing the diode and the battery bias voltage, when a diode conducts the negative
half cycle of the output waveform is held to a level –VBIAS – 0.7V .
NEGATIVE BIAS DIODE CLIPPING

13. CIRCUIT FOR BELOW 3VOLTS
(NEGATIVE BIAS DIODE CLIPPING)

15. CLIPPING BELOW 3VOLTS

16. APPLICATIONS
 They are frequently used for the separation of synchronizing signals
from the composite picture signals.
 The excessive noise spikes above a certain level can be limited or
clipped in FM transmitters by using the series clippers.
 For the generation of new waveforms or shaping the existing waveform,
clippers are used.
 Clippers can be used as voltage limiters and amplitude selectors.

17. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
• They prevent output signal from exceeding present voltage limit
• Voltage regulation for sensitive devices
Disadvantages:
• As far as signal transmission concerned the main disadvantage is
that the data transmitted at values outside the circuits range will be
clipped

18. CONCLUSION
In this way a p-n junction diode is used to clip the output
voltage above and below 3volts.

19. • https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode-clipping-circuits.html
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BqhL-Mjp42E
REFERENCE

20. THANK YOU