Journalism slides for beginners

1. Campus Journalism
now invades
SOCORRO DISTRICT
--a big leap ahead--

2. In the road to excellence..
I know no finish line.

3. Do you have what it takes
to be a staffer?
Do you have a nose for
the news?

4. Etymology of Journalism:
Greek words:
Acta – daily
Jiurna -events

5. What is Journalism?
(Jay Rosen from PressThink website)
 Journalism can be a commercial thing,
done for money, or a noncommercial
thing, done for love.
 It may be done as a public service, a
way of entering into political debate, or
for the simple and practical reasons
people have always shared information
or ‘talk.’

6. What is Journalism?
(Jay Rosen from PressThink website)
 It can be a purely human and
expressive act.
 And, of course, it is sometimes done for
reasons of power.

7. What is Journalism?
(Jay Rosen from PressThink website)
 But what most identifies the practice of
journalism is not power, profit, or free
expression in itself. It’s the idea of
addressing, engaging and freely
informing a ‘public’ about events in its
world.

8. School papers, like newspapers have a
special mission, a right and a responsibility
to disseminate news in their respective
campus-communities while also entertaining
and educating readers and presenting issues
for their reflection.

9. School Journalism Today
• Student journalism is never stationary, it
always responds to student ingenuity and
changing times, and the present period is
exceptionally active one, with significant
trends.
• School papers sphere of news coverage
today has noticeably become broader.

10. Definition of Journalism
• “literature in a hurry” –Jose A. Quirino
• “ Something that embraces all forms in
which and through which the news and
comments on the news reach the public. All
that happens in the world, if such
happenings hold interest for the public, and
all the thought, actions, and ideas which
these happenings stimulate become the
materials for the journalist.”-F. Fraser Bond

11. Functions of Journalism
1. Inform the public through the news
coverage
2.Influence and mold the public opinion
3. Amuse or entertain the public
4. Serve and promote community welfare as a
whole

12. Scope of Journalism
Journalism covers three channels or areas of
mass communication:
1. Audio
2. Audio-visual
3. Print

13. Definition of Campus Journalism
Campus journalism is defined as “that
enjoyable activity of the staff of the campus
paper in collecting, organizing and
presenting news, writing editorials,
columns, features, and literary articles,
taking pictures, cartooning, copy reading,
proofreading, dummying & writing
headlines”.

14. Functions of the Campus paper
A. Aid to the students
1. provide an opportunity for interesting
writing;
2.give students the opportunity to learn
how to read newspapers;
3.act as a stimulus to better work.
4.develop students’ power of observation
and discrimination

15. Functions of the Campus Paper
B. Aid to the School & Community
1. educate the community as to the work of
the school
2. publish school and community news;
3. create & express school opinions;
4. make known the achievements of the
school to the community.

16. Sections of the Campus Paper
A. News Section
B. Editorial Section
C. Features/Literary Sections
D. Columns: Sports, Fashion, etc.
E. Review

17. Qualities of a Good Journalist
1.Resourcefulness- a good journalist is
supposed to be resourceful in order to gain
access credible sources of information and
to gain success to all important event.
2. Critical- in order to separate truth from
propaganda and dogmas that may distort
truth.

18. Qualities of a Good Journalist
3. Objective- a journalist is supposed to put
aside personal biases and should not let his
emotions cloud his judgment.
4. Conscientious- a journalist is not supposed
to use his influence in order to meet
personal objectives and should be well
aware of the consequences that may result
from his actions.

19. • You need to be thinking “ I want to be the
best” and be prepared to take all the
necessary steps to get this.
*Specific skills: articulate, confident and be
good at working to strict guidelines.
*Compare yourself to real broadcast
journalist- take notes of what they do well (
and what they aren't doing well ).
*Learn from your mistakes.

20. Functions of the
Campus Publication
 Information disseminator
 Marketplace of ideas
 Tool for education
 Entertainment
 Influential venue for a cause or crusade
 Voice of its publishers

21. They need to be managed
properly organization through:
 Thorough Planning
 Functional Organization
 Proper Way of Leading
 Effective Control Mechanisms

22. Publication Management
Functions
 Planning
 Organizing
 Leading/Activating
 Controlling

23. Publication Management
Functions
 Planning
 Human Resources
 Funds
 Time
 Topics
 Equipment

24. Publication Management
Functions
 Organizing
 Assignment of functions
 Assignment of working relationships
 Assignment of duties

25. Publication Management
Functions
 Leading
 Mobilizing the Staff
 Communicating
 Motivating
 Inspiring

26. Publication Management
Functions
 Controlling
 Imposing Deadlines
 Editing
 Evaluating

27. Editorial Policy
 Anchored on the School’s Vision,
Mission & Goals
 Independence
 Priority Thrust

28. Characteristics of an Effective
& Credible Paper
 Timeliness
 Responsiveness
 Fairness
 Balanced Treatment of Issues
 Sustainability
 Credibility & Integrity
 Creativity

29. Characteristics of an Effective
& Credible Paper
 Observance of Ethical Standards
 Responsibility
 Freedom & Independence
 Accuracy & Truthfulness
 Sincerity
 Impartiality & Fair Play
 Decency

30. Press Production
Processes
Editorial
 Planning the Issue
 Giving of Assignments
 Data Gathering
 Compiling Notes
 Writing
 Preparation of Visuals

31. Overall Rules
in Writing
1. Know the purpose.
2. Understand the facts. Don’t try
to write when you’re not sure.
3. Form a mental outline.
4. Observe simplicity of language.
5. Be direct to the point.

32. Overall Rules
in Writing
6. Prefer the active over the passive
voice of verbs.
7. Describe vividly but use adjectives
and adverbs sparingly.
8. Use concrete, not abstract, verbs .
9. Be as factual as possible. Avoid
opinionating unless you’re writing a
column or an editorial. .

33. Overall Rules
in Writing
10.Use direct quotes.
11.Show, don’t tell.
12.Be consistent with mechanical style.
13.Don’t mention anything you can’t
explain.
13.Write for your readers, not for yourself.

34. In Writing a Story
1. Observe the structural rules
2. Prefer the simple word over the longer
and sophisticated word.
3. Use attributions
On record
On background
On deep background
Off the record
4. Aim for completeness of data

35. Editing & Production
 Editing
 News & Visual Content Inventory
 Content Evaluation
 Headlining
 Photo/Visual Editing & Captioning
 Layout/Dummying

36. Editing Techniques
 Improve the language
 Observe rules of grammar
 Aim for correct style
Style covers:
 Punctuation marks
 Capitalization
 Use of figures
 Numbers
 Spelling

37. Editing Techniques
 Observe accuracy & logical flow
of ideas
 Follow appropriate structure
 Use editing tools when necessary
 Use proper format and symbols
 Overall goal: Readability

38. Headlines: Purposes
 They summarize the story
 They attract reader attention
 They display the value of the story
 They sell the newspaper

39. Headlining Requirements
 Appropriateness of content
 Accuracy of information
 Proper fitting of space provided
 Correctness of content
 Consistency in format & capitalization

40. Opinion Page
(Contents)
 Masthead
 Editorial/s
 Columns
 Cartoons
 Photos
 Letters to the Editor
 Forum
 Essays

41. Purposes of
Publication Design
 To make the page look attractive
 To arrange the content in order of value
 To make the paper look presentable
 To held ‘sell’ the paper
 To help readers have a quick content look

42. Elements of Design
 Nameplate
 Headlines
 Text
 Photos & Other Graphics
 Column Width
 Folio

43. Elements of Design
 Colors
 Gutters
 Boxes
 Screens/Half-tones/Reversed Materials
 Fonts
 Typographical Devices

44. Principles of Layout
 Balance
 Harmony & Unity
 Contrast
 Emphasis
 Movement
 Proportion
 Simplicity

45. Magazine & Tabloid Format
 Tabloid suits news & opinion content
 Magazine more for features & entertainment
 Pagination in both ideal if total number is
divisible by four
 Both requires wise use of color
 Magazines usually bound, tabloid not
 Magazine content is anchored on a theme;
cover story needed

46. Basic Principles of Visuals
 Appropriate Composition
 Proper Lighting/Shading
 Good Technicals
 Clear Idea/Story/Message
 (Camera Handling)

47. Press Work
 Camera Work
 Proof
 Final Correction
 Press Run
 Binding
 Circulation

48. Publication Design Tips

49. Basic Principles
1. Show a hierarchy that reflect emphasis
and movement.
2. Identify an imaginary visual center.
3. Organize the elements.
Avoid a visual clutter
4. Show contrast.

50. Basic Principles
5. Show that elements create visual unity.
6. Observe proper format proportion
7. Have consistency in format and content.
8. Work for a functional and
reader-friendly visual.

51. Typography
9. Be consistent in use of fonts.
10. Don’t stretch fonts to fit space given.
11. Avoid squint-size fonts.
12. News pages need not more than
three font families.
13. Use less font families,
too in features page.

52. Daghang Salamat !
…..Sir Jovel Elumba