This document provides answers to questions from 10 chapters on medieval Indian history. It covers topics such as important kingdoms and rulers of the time, sources of information for understanding the Delhi Sultanate, the establishment of Mughal rule in India, architecture and monuments from different periods, the development of towns and trade, tribal and rural communities, religious movements and sects, and the emergence of new political formations in the 18th century. The responses are concise and provide the essential information requested in each question.

1. Chapter – 1
(When, where and How)
Q.1- What does jambudvipamean ?
Ans.- Jambudvipa means the land of rose-apple trees.
Q.2- During the medieval times ‘Hindustan’ referred to which part
of the Indian subcontinent ?
Ans.- Land beyond Sindu river and North India referred as
Hindustan during medieval times.
Q.3- Where are manuscripts preserved ?
Ans.- Manuscripts are preserved in the archives.
Q.4 - In which language did the medieval Indian authors write ?
Ans.- Persian, Arabic and Turkish language.
Q.5 - Who Were the writers of early medieval India ?
Ans.- Al-Beruni, AbulFazalChandBardai, kalhana were writers of
medieval India.
Q.6 - What light do coin throw on the history of the period ?
Ans. - Coin prevail the information of political and economic history
of the place.
Q.7- Name a few archaeological sources of the medieval period ?

2. Ans.- Old Monuments, temples, coin, utensils, weapons and
ornaments were archaeological sources of the medieval
Period.
Q.8- What do you mean by historical sources ?
Ans.- Historical sources are the key of information and give the
platform to better know about our past.
Q.9- what is the importance of epigraphy as a source of
information.
Ans.- The study of inscriptions is called epigraphy. It gives the
reliable information of administration, political and economic
life.
Q.10- Describe the economic condition of medieval age in India ?
Ans.- In the medieval age Agriculture and minerals were backbone
of Indian economy. on the basis of wealth People were
divided into two class like upper and lower. During, this age
urbanization grew up very fast and business was well settled.
that’s why trade and commerce were more developed in this
age.

3. Chapter – 2
(New Kings and kingdoms)
Q.1- Name the three major kingdoms of this period ?
Ans.- 1. Palas
2. Pratiharas
3. Rashtrakutas
Q.2- What did Devapala do?
Ans.- He built the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya (Bihar).
Q.3- Who was the first pratihara king, who in the eight century AD
bravely resisted Arab invasion.
Ans.- Nagabhata
Q.4- Did royal official participate in the village assembly in
Cholavillages ?
Ans.- Royal official participate in the village assembly but only as
advisers and obsevers.
Q.5- During the Chola administration to whom were land grants
made?
Ans.- Land was granted to religious beneficiaries or rewarded to
persons for their service to the king.
Q.6- Why had the focus shifted from pataliputra to kanauj ?

4. Ans.- Gupta dynasty focus shifted from Pataliputra to Kanauj
because it was closer to the north-west of India and linked to
trade routes.
Q.7- Who made the Pala kingdom a force to reckon with in north
India ? How?
Ans.- Dharmapala made the Pala kingdom a force to reckon with in
north India. He successfully snatched kanauj from the
Pratiharas.
Q.8- How were the villages grouped under Chola administration.
Ans.- Villages were grouped together under a Nadu. A group of
Nadus formed valanadus and mandalams.
Q.9- What made it possible for Mahmud Gazni to plunder different
parts of mainland India?
Ans.- The various warring kingdoms made it possible for Mahmud
Gazni to plunder different parts of mainland India.
Q.10- What caused the decline of the three dynasties?
Ans.- The three dynasties declined simultaneously (lk;eyVsfu;lyh&,d lkFk)
because they wanted to rule over the Kanauj. They had a
largearmies and pressure to maintain them but main source of
income was revenues. while they remained busy over their
conflicts in Kanauj their baron declared themselves
independent. thus they could not maintain this situation and
declined.

5. Q.11- What caused the Rashtrakutas and Arabs to give up their
hostility towards each other?
Ans.- The Rashtrakutas successfully defeated Arab attack on the
west coast but both side gave up on their hostility and
involved in a relationship of mutual advantage. Cargoes of --
teak and cotton were traded with the west in exchange of
horses.
Q.12- Why did the temple emerge as a main point of trade and
administration during Chola administration?
Ans.- During the Chola period the temple emerged as a main point
of trade and administration. the temple were maintained by
the grants made by village assemblies, merchants, society and
royal grants. Chola created many gods and goddesses
sculpture from stone and bronze. The dancing image of Lord
Shiva in bronze became famous in the field of sculpture.

6. Chapter – 3
(The Sultans of Delhi)
Q.1- What are the sources of information for the Delhi sultanate?
Ans.- Language, Art, architecture, Food and dress.
Q.2- Why did Razia sultan fail to rule?
Ans.- She appointed non Turkish slave as superintendent then she
had to face Delhi rebellion.
Q.3- List the rulers who succeeded Alauddin Khalji.
Ans.- Amir Khusrau And Malik Kafur
Q.4- Which of the Muhammad Bin Tughluq's expeditions fail?
Ans.- The expeditions failed because he launched copper and brass
token currency.
Q.5- How did Firoz shah tughaluq become the emperor?
Ans.- Firoz shah tughaluq elected by sheikhs, nobles and ulema.
Q.6- Write a short note on administration under the slave dynasty?
Ans.- After, death of Muhammad Ghori his most trusted slave
Qutbuddin Aibak was the founded the slave dynasty in India.
He transferred Delhi sultanate to son-in-law Iltutamish and
then Razia sultan the daughter of Iltutamish was nominated as
king.
Q.7- How did Balban assert his postion as the sultan?

7. Ans.- Gayasuddin Balaban was a spectacular chief minister of
Nasiruddin Mahamud and after the death of Nasiruddin he
asserted to him as sultan.
Q.8- Write a short note on the Khalji Dynasty.
Ans.- Jalauddin Khalji was the founder of Khalji dynasty. His son-
in-law Alauddin Khalji murdered him and became the king.
Alauddin Khalji was a remarkable king of Khalji dynasty.
Q.9- What caused the disintegration of the Delhi sultanate?
Ans.- They appointed governor farthermost places such as Bengal,
Sind, Gujrat, Daultabad etc. They failed to maintain and some
ambitious nobles grabbed that places.
Q.10- Do you think token currency was a good idea or a foolish
idea?
Ans.- It was foolish idea because Muhammad Bin Tughluq
introduced token currency of copper and brass in the place of
silver and gold. The state suffered from huge loss because
land revenue was collected in copper and brass coins, which
was fully damaged their economy and trade.
Q.11- why did Muhammad bin Tughluq’s plan of shifting of the
capital fail?
Ans.- He wanted to shifted his capital to Daultabad because he had
large area in southern provinces. He forcefully shifted his
capital in summer season but journey was too long and many

8. people died on the way and most of people were not happy
with relocation of capital.

9. Chapter – 4
(The Creation of empire)
Q.1- Name the autobiography of Babur?
Ans.- Baburnama
Q.2- Name the revenue system introduced by Raja Todar Mal?
Ans.- Bandobast
Q.3- What was Nur Jahan’s original name?
Ans.- Meharunnisa
Q.4- Who build the Taj Mahal and why?
Ans.- Shahjahan build the Taj Mahal in memory of his beloved wife
Mumtaz.
Q.5- Why do you think panipat became a common site for many
battles?
Ans.- Panipat was an ideal battleground for those who invaded India
from north and those who defended the country from the
south.
Q.6- What role did Nur Jahan play in the the Mughal empire during
Jahangir’s reign?
Ans.- Nur Jahan known as the Badshah begum. She dictated orders
and also issued royal orders. Even coins were struck in her
name.

10. Q.7- Who were the nine gems or navaratnas of Akbar?
Ans.- Akbar’s Nine gems or Navaratnas were :
1. Abul Fazl, Writer
2. Faizi, Persian Poet and philosopher
3. Abdur Rahim, Hindi poet
4. Raja Todarmal, Revenue minister
5. Tansen, Singer
6. Birbal, Adviser
7. Raja man singh, Army general
8. Humam, physician
9. Mullah do piazza, Scholer

11. Chapter – 5
(Architecture as power: Forts and sacred places)
Q.1- Give one example each of Nagara style and Dravida style of
architecture?
Ans.- Nagara Style – The sun temple konark
Dravida Style – Mahablipuram temple
Q.2- Name two gardens laid by Jahangir?
Ans.- Shalimar and Nishat baghs in Shrinagar
Q.3- Which was the first structure built by the delhi sultanate?
Ans.- Qutub Minar Mosque
Q.4- In which monument would you find the stalactite honey-
combing method being used?
Ans.- Qutub Minar Mosque
Q.5- Briefly describe the features of the Lingaraja temple?
Ans.- The Lingaraja temple is one of best examples of the nagara
style.
Q.6- What style did the rulers of Bengal use in their buildings?
Ans.- They used traditional Hindu style in their buildings.
Q.7- What do the Mughal buildings reflect?
Ans.- The Mughal architecture reflects a blend of Indian, Persian
and Islamic techniques.

12. Q.8- Differentiate between the Nagara style and Dravida style of
temple architecture?
Ans.- Differences between the Nagra and Dravida style of temple
architecture
Nagara Style Dravida Style
1 Mostly it found in
Northern India.
1 Mostly it found in Southern
India.
2 Temple are usually in
beehive shape.
2 Temple are usually in
pyramid shape.
3 These temples are mainly
found in Orissa, Rajasthan
and Gujrat.
3 These temples are mainly
found in Tamil Nadu,
Kerala and Karnataka.
4 For example, Sun temple
konark
4 For example,
Mahabalipuram temple
Q.9- Why was shah Jahan called an engineer king?
Ans.- Shah Jahan was passionate about architecture. He made two
greatest mosques, the pearl mosque in Agra and the Jama
Mosque in Delhi. He built the world’s finest tomb in Agra
which was named the Taj-Mahal.
Shah Jahan also built most famous fort which is known
as Red fort in Delhi. He constructed lots of monument in his
dynasty, thus he became more popular as engineer king.

13. Chapter – 6
(Town, Traders and craftsmen)
Q.1- What did the town in Bengal produce?
Ans.- Muslin, Cotton, Textiles and silk-weaving
Q.2- Who were Duarte Barbosa, Ralf Fitch, Marco Polo and
Bernier?
Ans.- Foreigner
Q.3- What were Guilds?
Ans.- Guilds were the group of Merchants
Q.4- Where did the British establish their first factory in the
Southern coast?
Ans.- Coromondel coast
Q.5- Why did the Tanjore flourish into a developing town?
Ans.- Because numbers of temples built here
Q.6- Describe the role played by haats in the local trade?
Ans.- Haat Was weekly market where people could exchange or buy
things of their daily need.
Q.7- How did the Grand Trunk Road help in trade and commerce?
And.- It extended export market and revenue for the states.
Q.8- How did the religious towns emerge?

14. Ans.- People visited place where saints and fakirs lived for getting
salvation that’s why that town established as religious town
like Ajmer.
Q.9- What are karkhanas?
Ans.- Almost all royal households were attached with karkhanas
where the kings, queens, princes, chiefs, etc, had luxury goods
manufactured for themselves and these were under state
monopoly. The goods were also produced here for the purpose
of export and thus generated great revenue for the states.
Q.10- Write a few lines on the following
 Hampi
 Masulipatam
 Surat
Ans.- Hampi :-
It was town of vijaynagar which is situated to
near Tungabadra river. Hampi was famous for beautiful art
and architecture and house.
Masulipatam :-
Masulipatam situated on coromondel coast
near Krishna river. Masulipatam was famous for kalamkari
textiles and paintings from vegetable dyes.
Surat :-
Surat was a port city which is situated in Gujrat
and Surat was major exporters of diamond and textile.

15. Chapter – 7
(Nomads and settled communities)
Q.1- Why did the influence of the tribals increase in the medieval
times ?
Ans.- Tribal communities were placed in areas which controlled
major trade routes.
Q.2- What is the constitutional term used to denote the adivasis
today?
Ans.- Scheduled Tribe
Q.3- Who was the most powerful ruler of the Ahom tribe?
Ans.- King Rudra Singh
Q.4- Name the four Gond kingdoms that arose by the thirteenth
century?
Ans.- Garh mandla, Deogarh, Chanda and kherla
Q.5- Name the animal that was most valued by the Gonds?
Ans.- Elephent
Q.6- Write a short note on the Banjaras?
Ans.- Banjaras were tribal community who used to wander from
place to place for searching foods.
Q.7- How was the Gond society organized?

16. Ans.- The Aboriginal people group called Gond basically they live
on to the part of Gondwana land in Bastar and they speak
Gondi.
Q.8- Identify two things of everyday use that has been taken from
the tribal?
Ans.- Most of tribal men wore dhoti and women wore soft saree and
they used weapons and ornament which were made by metals
and bones.
Q.9- Who was Rani Durgawati? What kind of relationship exited
between her and the Mughal emperor Akbar?
Ans.- Rani Durgavati was wife of the king of gond tribe after her
husband`s death she ruled the gond tribe on the behalf of her 5
year old son. Mughal King Akbar wanted to bring under
control the kingdom of Garh Mandla but she refused his
lordship. Akbar started war against her and she died for
defending her kingdom.

17. Chapter – 8
(Popular beliefs and religious debates)
Q.1- Name the religion promulgated by Akbar ?
Ans.- Din-I-Illahi
Q.2- Name the sacred book of Sikhs. Who complied it?
Ans.- Guru Granth Sahib was complied by Guru Nanak.
Q.3- Which sufi saint is associated with the city of Ajmer?
Ans.- Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti
Q.5- Name the place where Jagannath Temple located.
Ans.- Puri in Odisha
Q.6- Name the place where sun temple located.
Ans.- Konark in Odisha
Q.4- Who was Tulsidas and what did he composed?
Ans.- Tulsidas was a devotee of Ram and he wrote the
Ramcharitamanas and Hanuman Chalisa.
Q.5- Name two sufi saint.
Ans.- Salim Chishti of Agra and Baba Shaikh Farid fo Punjab

18. Q.6- Who was Kabir? Throw some light on the life and teaching of
Kabir.
Ans.- Kabir was a great poet-cum-saint of Indian history. He was a
weaver by profession and settled near the city of Varanasi.
Kabir preached Ram Bhakti and believed in the unity of god.
The major teachiongs of Kabir were as follows :
1. Kabir describe god as nirankar (having no shap).
2. He rejected traditions of religion.
3. Emphasis on Ram Bhakti for salvation
4. Support to Hindu-Muslim unity

19. Chapter – 10
(New political formations in the Eighteenth century)
Q.1- Name the nawab of Bengal who shifted his capital from
Dhaka to Murshidabad?
Ans.- Murshid Quli Khan
Q.2- Name the Rajput ruler who encouraged the teaching and
learning of science.
Ans.- Sawai Raja Jai Singh (Jaipur)
Q.3- Who was Shivaji?
Ans.- Shivaji was founder of Maratha Kingdom.
Q.4- What did the treaty of Purandhar state?
Ans.- The Treaty of Purandar was signed on 11th June, 1665
between Shivaji and Raja Jai Singh on behalf of Mughal
Emperor Aurangzeb. Jai Singh captured several forts of
Shivaji and compelled him to sign the treaty.