1. Computer-aided Design &
Manufacturing
(CAD) & (CAM)
Inam Ul-Haq
Lecturer in Computer Science (since 2005)
University of Education Okara Campus
Inam.bth@gmail.com, organizer@dfd-charity.com

2. •
•
•
•
•
What is Computer-aided Design?
How does it work?
Advantages and Disadvantages
Six ways to choose the right CAD for you
Summary
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Table of Contents
2

3. What Is Computer-aided Design
(CAD)
• A software system that uses computer graphics to assist in the:
• Designing new cars;
• Bridge and building design and testing; fitted kitchens
• Printed circuit board (PCB) design; aircraft.
• Short History
•
•
•
•
•
1982 Solid modeling has proliferated to CAD systems
1983 3D developed in Sweden
1986 Autodesk's AutoCAD is the most popular microcomputer design program
1989 NASA develops high-end data visualization programs
2000 Moving design engineering from the desktop to the Web
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
• creation
• modification
• analysis of a design.
• CAD has many different applications, which include:-
3

4. How Does It Work? (CAD)
• 2D: Technical drawing & General-Purpose
drafting E.g. AutoCAD
• 3D: Difficult to master & Freely rotate and zoom
a model
• E.g. 3Ds Studio Max, Maya
• Engineering analysis and design analysis
• Is also called computer-aided engineering (CAE)
• Tests and analyzes designs on the computer screen
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
• Geometric Modeling & Visualization
• Uses basic lines, curves, and shapes to generate
• E.g. AutoCAD
4

5. • Reduce the lead time in case of simulation
• Products can be tested more quickly
• Costly mistakes in design or production can be
avoided
• Time to manufacture can be reduced
• Documentation can be printed in various forms
for multiple users
• The quality of designs and the products
manufactured from them is improved
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Advantages (CAD)
5

6. • The use of computer software to control machine tools and
related machinery in the manufacturing of workpieces (a piece
of any material under process).
• Also refer to the use of a computer to assist in all
operations of a manufacturing plant, including planning,
management, transportation and storage.
• CAM is a computer-aided process after CAD
• largest CAM software companies include:
• Dassault Systèmes, Siemens PLM Software, Delcam, Vero Software, PTC, Tebis,
Open Mind Technologies, Cimatron
• Free CAM software: BlenderCam, PyCam
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Computer aided Manufacturing
(CAM)
6

7. • The manufacturing approach of using computers to control the
entire production process.
(Wikipedia)
• This integration allows individual processes to exchange
information with each other and initiate actions.
• CIM relies on Closed-loop control processes
• Also known as flexible design & manufacturing
• E.g. Auto Manufacturing Plants
• Key challenges: Integration, Data Integrity, Process Control
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Computer integrated Manufacturing
(CIM)
7

8. • Integration of components from different suppliers: When
different machines, such as CNC, conveyors and robots, are
using different communications protocols may cause problems.
• Data Integrity The higher the degree of automation, the more
critical is the integrity of the data used to control the machines.
While the CIM system saves on labor of operating the
machines, it requires extra human labor in ensuring that there
are proper safeguards for the data signals that are used to
control the machines.
• Process Control Computers may be used to assist the human
operators of the manufacturing facility, but there must always
be a competent engineer on hand to handle circumstances
which could not be foreseen by the designers of the control
software.
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Key Challenges (CIM)
8

9. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Russell, Roberta Operations Management
Prentice Hall, Inc. 2000
Rowell, Amy “Designing To Win” Computer Graphics World March, 1997
Stevens, Tim “The cost of CAD Incompatibility” www.IndustryWeek.com June 11,
2001
www.bdcmag.com
Meyer, Ann “TRW Faces CAD Translation Nightmares” Computer Graphics
World June, 1997
Rowell, Amy “The Challenge of Cad Interoperability” Computer Graphics World
June, 1997
Smith, Susan “The Challenges of Complex Surfaces” Computer Graphics World
November, 1996
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-integrated_manufacturing
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Bibliography
9

10. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Russell, Roberta Operations Management
Prentice Hall, Inc. 2000
Rowell, Amy “Designing To Win” Computer Graphics World March, 1997
Stevens, Tim “The cost of CAD Incompatibility” www.IndustryWeek.com June 11,
2001
www.bdcmag.com
Meyer, Ann “TRW Faces CAD Translation Nightmares” Computer Graphics
World June, 1997
Rowell, Amy “The Challenge of Cad Interoperability” Computer Graphics World
June, 1997
Smith, Susan “The Challenges of Complex Surfaces” Computer Graphics World
November, 1996
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-integrated_manufacturing
MIS, University of Education, Okara Campus
Bibliography
9