The document discusses the switch statement in C programming. It explains the syntax of switch statement and provides an example. It mentions that switch statement can also contain expressions and only constant expressions can be evaluated in cases. It lists some limitations of switch statement like float expressions cannot be tested and multiple cases cannot use same expression values. It also provides information on loop control structures like for, while, do-while loops along with examples.

2. Switch Statement
SYNTAX
switch(variable||constant||character)
{
case 1:
statement1;
statement2;
break;
case 2:
statements;
break;
.
.
default:
statements;
}

3. Example..
void main()
{
char ch=‘x’;
switch(ch)
{
case ’v’:
printf(“In case v ”);
break;
case ’a’:
printf(“In case a ”);
break;
case ’x’:
printf(“In case x ”);
break;
default:
printf(“I am in defaultn”);
}
}

4. •Switch statement can also contain Expressions
eg switch(i+j*k)
switch(45*j)
•Only constant expressions can be evaluated in
case
eg case 5+9 is correct.
case a+b is incorrect

5. Limitation of switch
• A float Expression cannot be tested using a switch.
• Multiple cases cannot use same expression values.
eg
switch(var)
{
case 6:
…………..
.
.
case 3*2:
}
It is an Illegal Expression
• case a>2: is an illegal expression

7. The Loop Control Structure
For Loop
While Loop
Do-While Loop

8. for Loop

9. for Loop
• Syntax
void main()
{
for(initialization; condition;increment/decrement)
{
statements;
}
}

10. for Loop
A Basic program:- Take 5 numbers from user and
find their sum.
void main()
{
int a,i,sum;
printf(“Enter Five number”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
scanf(“%d”,&a);
sum=sum+a; //
}
printf(“The sum is %d”,sum);
}

11. for Loop
Some more formats.
• void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=10;i=i+1)
printf(“%dn”,i);
}
• void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=10;)
{
printf(“%dn”,i);
i=i+1;
}
}

12. for Loop
Some more formats.
• void main()
{
int i=1;
for(;i<=10;i=i+1)
printf(“%dn”,i);
}
• void main()
{
int i=1;
for(;i<=10;)
{
printf(“%dn”,i);
i=i+1;
}
}

13. for Loop
Some more formats.
• void main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i++<10;)
printf(“%dn”,i);
}
• void main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;++i<=10;)
{
printf(“%dn”,i);
}
}

14. Nested for loop
• 1*1
• 1*2
• 2*1
• 2*2
• 3*1
• 3*2

15. Nested for loop
void main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<4;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=2;j++)
{
printf(“%dn”,i*j)
}
}

16. Multiple Initializations in for loop
• for(i=1,j=2;j<=10;j++,i++)

17. Break Statement

18. Break Statement
• main()
{
int num,i;
printf(“Enter a number”);
scanf(“%d”,&num);
i=2;
while(i<=num-1)
{
if(num%i==0)
{
printf(“Not a prime number”);
break;
}
i++;
}
if(i==num)
printf(“Prime number”);
}

19. Continue statement
void main()
{
int x;
for ( x = 1; x <= 10; x++ ) {
if ( x == 5 )
continue; /* skip remaining code in loop only if x == 5 */
printf( "%d ", x );
}
printf( "nUsed continue to skip printing the value 5n" );
}

20. Output

21. Predict the output:
void main()
{
float a=3;
switch(a)
{
case 1:
printf(“Value is 1”);
break;
case 2:
printf(“Value is 2”);
break;
case 3:
printf(“Value is 3”);
break;
default:
printf(“ERROR!!”);
}
}

22. Predict the output
void main(){
int x=0,y=0,i,j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++);
for(j=1;j<3;j++)
{
x++;
}
y++;
printf("x: %d, y: %d",x,y);
getch();
}

23. Predict the output..
• void main(){
• int ch='a'+'b';
• printf("%cn",ch);
• switch(ch)
• {
• case 'a':
• case 'b':
• printf("u entered bn");
• case 'A':
• printf("u entered An");
• case 'b'+'a':
• printf("u entered b and an");
• default:
• printf("Reached default");
• }
• }

25. Output???
• void main()
{
char ch='a';
printf("%d",ch);
}

26. Output????
• 97
void main()
{
int ch=3;
printf(“%c”,ch);
}

27. Ans ♥

28. Output????
void main()
{
char c=1;
switch(c)
{
case '1':
printf("In '1'");
break;
case 1||2:
printf(" In 1 or 2");
break;
default:
printf("Not found");
}
}

29. • ANS
• In 1 or 2

30. Output???
void main()
{
int suite=1;
switch(suite);
{
case 0;
printf("Clubn");
case 1;
printf("Diamondn");
}
}

31. Output

32. Output????
void main()
{
switch('A'+1)
{
case 66:
printf("In 66");
break;
case 1+'A':
printf("In same") ;
break;
case 'B':
printf("In B") ;
break;
default:
printf("In default");
break;
}
}