Chapter 05 looping
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The document discusses different types of looping statements in PHP including while, do-while, for, and foreach loops. It provides the syntax and examples of each loop type. The while loop executes code as long as a condition is true. The do-while loop executes code at least once and repeats as long as the condition is true. The for loop executes code a specified number of times. The foreach loop iterates through the elements of an array. An exercise at the end provides sample code using separate echo statements to output data from related arrays that could be refactored using a looping statement.
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Chapter 05 looping
- 1. Looping StatementLooping Statement Chapter 5 MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 2. IntroductionIntroduction Looping statements in PHP are used to execute the same block of code a specified number of times. ◦ While loops through a block of code if and as long as a specified condition is true ◦ do...while loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as a special condition is true ◦ For loops through a block of code a specified number of times ◦ Foreach loops through a block of code for each element in an array MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 3. The while StatementThe while Statement The while statement will execute a block of code if and as long as a condition is true. while (condition) code to be executed; MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 5. The do...while StatementThe do...while Statement The do...while statement will execute a block of code at least once - it then will repeat the loop as long as a condition is true. Syntax do { code to be executed; } while (condition); MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 6. ExampleExample The following example will increment the value of i at least once, and it will continue incrementing the variable i as long as it has a value of less than 5: MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 7. The for StatementThe for Statement The for statement is used when you know how many times you want to execute a statement or a list of statements. Syntax for (initialization; condition; increment) { code to be executed; } MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 8. The for StatementThe for Statement The for statement has three parameters. The first parameter initializes variables The second parameter holds the condition The third parameter contains the increments required to implement the loop If more than one variable is included in the initialization or the increment parameter, they should be separated by commas. The condition must evaluate to true or false. MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 9. ExampleExample What is the result of the following code? MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 10. The foreach StatementThe foreach Statement The foreach statement is used to loop through arrays. For every loop, the value of the current array element is assigned to $value (and the array pointer is moved by one) - so on the next loop, you'll be looking at the next element. MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 11. Syntax foreach (array as value) { code to be executed; } MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN
- 12. ExampleExample <html> <body> <?php $arr=array("one", "two", "three"); foreach ($arr as $value) { echo "Value: " . $value . "<br />"; } ?> </body> </html> MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN What is the result of the following code?
- 14. <?php $id=array("2001","2002","2003","2004"); $name=array("Rahul","Yunos","Mubin","Anuar"); $class=array("3A","3B","3C","3D"); $cgpa=array("3.56","3.49","3.85","3.63"); echo "Last week, a student named ".$name[0].", with UiTM ID ".$id[0].", from class ". $class[0]." with a CGPA of ".$cgpa[0]." has been choosen to represent our university for a debate tournament"; echo "<br>";echo "<br>"; echo "Last week, a student named ".$name[1].", with UiTM ID ".$id[1].", from class ". $class[1]." with a CGPA of ".$cgpa[1]." has been choosen to represent our university for a debate tournament"; echo "<br>";echo "<br>"; echo "Last week, a student named ".$name[2].", with UiTM ID ".$id[2].", from class ". $class[2]." with a CGPA of ".$cgpa[2]." has been choosen to represent our university for a debate tournament"; echo "<br>";echo "<br>"; echo "Last week, a student named ".$name[3].", with UiTM ID ".$id[3].", from class ". $class[3]." with a CGPA of ".$cgpa[3]." has been choosen to represent our university for a debate tournament"; ?> Changes the following codes by using the looping functions