This document provides an introduction to computers and programming. It discusses the classification of computer systems based on factors like technology, users, speed, and storage. It also lists common applications of computers in areas like reservations, crime detection, production, science, and banking. The basic components of a computer like the CPU, memory, input, output, and secondary storage are described. The functions of the CPU's ALU and CU are explained. The document also distinguishes between system software like operating systems, compilers, and loaders and application software. Finally, it introduces different programming languages like machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages.

1. C LANGUAGE
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER &
PROGRAMMING
PANCHAL KARTIK J
STUDEND OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

2. ❖ TOPIC
❑ Classification of computer system
❑ Application of computer
❑ Basic block diagram and function of computer components
❑ Computer software
❑ Programming language

3. ❖ Classification of computer
system
❑ Based on electronic technology
❑ Based on number of user and working environment
❑ Based on accuracy and speed
❑ Based on storage requiements

4. ❖ Application of computer
❑ Reservation system
❑ Crime detection
❑ Production system
❑ Space technology
❑ Weather forecasting
❑ Research and science
❑ Cost analysis
❑ Banking system
❑ Hotel management
❑ Hospital managements

5. ❖ Basic block diagram and function
of computer components
❑ There is five part in components
1. CPU
2. Memory
3. Input device
4. Output device
5. Secondary storage device

6. ❖ Basic block diagram and function
of computer components

7. 1. CPU
 CPU full name is central processing unit
 The brain of the computer
 The CPU preforms operation on data
 It control and flow of the data
 There are two part
1. ALU
2. CU
ALU CU CPU

8. • ALU
 It perform all arithmetic calculation and take logical decision
 It can compare count , shift or other logical activites
 It calculation is very fast

9. • CU
 It manages and coordinates operation of all other components of
computer system
1. It retrieve instruction or data from memory
2. It decode instruction
3. It coordinate time sequence of instruction among various
component of system
4. It determine requirements of storage and take action according to
it
5. It also fetch instruction from main memory

10. 2. Memory unit
 The storage unit of computer system store data for following
purposes
1. Processing data and instruction
2. Storage of temporary result
3. Permanent storage for storage
➢ There are two type
1. Primary storage
2. Secondary storage

11. Primary storage
1. Storage current program or data
2. Less space
3. Volatile
4. Comparatively more expensive
5. Fast in operation
Secondary storage
1. Used to store data and program
for future use
2. Slower then PS
3. Data without power
4. Cheaper than primary memory

12. 3. Input unit
 Basic aim of I/O device is to provide communication between and
user
 The input device translate data into a code be read by computer
system
 Input device is the keyboard
 User communication directly with the machine
input data input data code intermediate result

13. 4. Output unit
 Output device supply result of processing from primary memory or
secondary memory
 Program are executed to user defined
 The computer system needed an output unit communication the
processing inform to the user
 The most common output device is moniter

14. ❖ Computer software
❑ There two type of compute software
1. System software
2. Application software

15. ❖ Computer software
 System software
1. Operation system
2. Compiler
3. Loader linker
4. Editor
5. Translator
6. Macro processor
7. Interpreters
8. Assembler
 Application software
1. General purpose
2. Specific purpose software

16. 1. Operating system
1. Single user os
2. Multi user os
3. Multi tasking os
4. Multi programming os
5. Real time os
6. Network os
7. Distributed os
8. Time sharing os
9. Batch processing os
10. Multi threading os

17. 2. Compiler
 It translates higher level program to machine level program

18. 3. Assembler
 It translates lower level program to machine level program

19. 4. Loader
 It loaded operating system part and object program into the main
memory for execution purpose

20. 5. Linker
 Which bind symbolic code of source and library file to make
executable program

21. 6. Editor
 Used to create a program and edit to the program

22. 7. Translator
 It converts one language into other

23. 8. Macro Processor
 It is used before translator replace symbolic meaning into their
equivalents code

24. 9. Interpreter
 It translates line by line high level program into low level program

25. ❖ Application software
1. General purpose :-
 They are designed for many task and provide many number of task
and proved to many features
 MS office , pagemaker
2. Specific purpose software:-
 The packages pay roll financial accounting inventory control etc
are some specific purpose software
 The other packages developer for one organization cannot be
applied directly to any other organization

26. ❖ Programming language

27. ❖ Programming language
 There 3 part of programming language
1. Machine level language
2. Middle level language
3. High level language

28. 1. Machine level language
 In this language program are written in 0’ and 1’ from
 Every CPU has its machine language
1. Program execution is faster in comparison with other.
2. It occupies less memory
3. Due to direct writing in to machine code the size of code is
compact and small in comparison with other language

29. 2. Assembly language
 It is also classified as low level language
 The word mnemonic refer to a memory aid
 It is symbolic addressing capabilities
 Symbolic presentation makes easy to right program

30. 3. High level language
 These are the language whose instructions closely resemble human
language and mathematical notation unlike assembly language
1. Easy to learn
2. Easy to maintain
3. Provides better documentation
4. Require less time to write

31. 4. Object oriented programming
 Object oriented programming is a technique for creating common
building blocks of a program called object
 Object oriented programming languages use a structure that define
the object in the program
 C++ , java , c#
 An object is pre-defined set of program code which will always
behave so that it can be used for other application

32. Kartik panchal