Poduction Technology of BT cotton Discovery of cotton Discovery of BT cotton sowing time sowing rate insect pest diseases

1.  Name : SHOAIB AHMAD
 Submitted to : USMAN BASHIR
 Section : B - 12
 Topic : BT cotton

3.  A soft white fibrous substance which
surrounds the seeds of the cotton plant and is
made into textile fiber and thread for sewing.

4. 1. The cultivation of cotton has been reported as
old as 5000 BC in the western Pakistan. The
cultivation then spread in the Indus Valley
Civilization.
2. Evidences about the cultivation of cotton in
Iran (pre-islamic Persia) also exists . From these
regions, the cotton was taken to the Europe and
other continents.

5.  It is also used for several other purposes
such as for making threads
for mixing with other fibers and for
extraction of oil from cotton seed.
 All these uses give a high industrial value
to this crop and as such a handsome
remuneration to the growers.
 Cotton is grown almost all over the world
 At present, cotton is grown all over the
world, i.e. in India, USA, Russia, China,
Brazil,Egypt, Pakistan, Turkey, Mexico
and Sudan are leading cotton growing
countries.

6.  Important Cash crop.
 Natural Fiber
 Pakistan ranks 4th biggest producer of
cotton.
 Provides raw material to textile
industry.

8.  The bacterium Bacillus
thuringiensis naturally
produces a chemical which is
toxic to a particular fraction of
insects which are larvae of
moths, butterflies, flies and
beetles, but harmless to other
forms of life.
 The gene coding for this toxin
is genetically engineered into
the cotton and so obtained
cotton has naturally produced
insecticide in the plant body.

9.  The time of sowing for different BT cotton
varieties is varying from 15 April to 15 May.

10.  1. Seed Drill
 With the drill, the recommended row to row distance is
2-2.5ft and plant to plant distance is 12-15 inches.
 The seed should be drilled to a depth of 2.5 inches in
ground.
 After the first irrigation of field, the alternate seed rows
are earthen down with soil (/make furrows and ridges).
This practice helps to reduce water consumption 30-
40%.
 Other benefits include, good management of weeds,
cotton plants of same height, no. of plants per acre is
good, and this practice also facilitates other cultural
practices in the field like spraying pesticides.
 Second irrigation should be given 3-4 days after first
irrigation of field.

11. Silent Feature
1. Tines are adjustable
2. Saves the valuable time and fuel
3. Maintenance cost is very low.
4. Suitable for sowing the seed of
different quantity like 450g,
750g, 900g, 1.25kg and 2.5kg.

12. 2. Sowing by Hand (‫)چوپا‬
For sowing by hands, the field
should be made into furrow and
ridges, then irrigate the 6-7 inches
deep furrows.

13.  The quantity of the selected seed depends
upon the variety, soil fertility, climatic
conditions and management of the crop.
 Seed rate for drilling is 8 – 12 kg and for
ridges sowing 4 - 6 kg per acre is
recommended

14. To get higher yields it is very important to apply recommended doses of
fertilizers.
1. One bag of DAP or 2.5 bags of Nitrophos at the time of sowing
incorporated in the soil and 2 – 3 bags of urea are applied (per acre)
in different splits i.e. at vegetative growth, squaring, flowering and
boll formation stages.
2. Potassium and micronutrients (boron) should be applied on the
basis of soil analysis. Boron is important for cotton, but one has to be
careful because the difference between deficiency and toxicity is very
narrow.
3. For heavy soils four to five bags of SSP plus one bag of Urea at
sowing time and one bag urea at flowering time are applied.
Note: The dose of Nitrogen and phosphorus can be increased or
decreased keeping in view the fertility of soil.

16. Stages : Days:
1. Planting to emergence 4 – 9
2. Emergence to first square 27 – 28
3. Square to flower 20 – 25
4. Planting to first flower 60 – 70
5. Flower to boll open 45 – 65
6. Planting to 1st picking ready 125 – 135

25. INSECT PESTS OF COTTON
American Bollworm–
(Helicoverpa armigera):

27. Pink Bollworm: Pectinophora gossypiella:
Lorsban40EC(Newformulation)
(1000mlperacre)

28. Spotted Bollworms ( Earias vittella):

31. Sucking Pests:
Whitefly- Bemisia tabaci

33. Dusky cotton bug, Oxycarenus
hyalinipennis
j

34. Mealy bugs, Phenacoccus sp., Ferrisa sp. and
Maconellicoccus sp.
i

41.  Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (geminivirus) CLCuV

42. Boll Rot Disease

43. Root Rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola and R. solani):

44. FH-114,
CIM-598,
SITARA-009
A-one,
BH-167,
MIAD-852,
CIM-573,
SLH-317,
TARZAN-1,
NS-141,
IR-NIBGE-3,
MNH-886,
non-BT
E −115,
FH-941,
FH-942,
IR-1524,
Ali Akbar-802
and
NEELAM-121.

45. Irrigation
Drip Irrigation

51.  Bt cotton varieties yielded significantly more
per acre as compare to non Bt cotton varieties
- an average 23-28 maund (1 Maund = 40 Kg)
per acres versus 17-20 maund to traditional
cotton varieties.
 This translates into more than 30 percent
increase in yield.

52. f