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This document describes a student project to design a power grid-based energy storage system. It includes sections that describe the overall system, AC-DC rectifier testing, a controller charger, charge and dump states, battery specifications, a DC-AC inverter, energy meter, final output results comparing to theoretical values, explanations of using an off-grid inverter, and the total project budget. The goal of the project was to develop a solution for clean energy storage and use that does not depend on the environment or produce pollutants.
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Producing PCB transformers since 1981, now Itacoil also provides support to SMPS designers and manufacturers for the design and pre-compliance of the converters equipped with Itacoil components.
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http://fluxtrol.com
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This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
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Brian Jonathan - FYP Demonstration
- 1. Power Grid Based Energy Storage System Brian Jonathan Supervisor: Moncef Tayahi
- 2. EEE311 Final Year Project Introduction • Why I chose this topic? • Why energy is important? • Fossil fuel • Clean energy advantages: no pollutant • Clean energy disadvantage: environment dependence • Solution
- 3. EEE311 Final Year Project Overall System
- 4. EEE311 Final Year Project AC-DC Rectifier (1)
- 5. EEE311 Final Year Project AC-DC Rectifier (2)
- 6. EEE311 Final Year Project AC-DC Rectifier Test (1)
- 7. EEE311 Final Year Project AC-DC Rectifier Test (2) • Lowest voltage: 1.088V • Highest voltage: 25.57V • Theoretically 1.2V to 29.65 V • Optimum charge current: 1.92 A • Optimum charge voltage: 13.5V • 6 hours charging time • The battery can be charged from 11V to 14.5V, with current less than 3A
- 8. EEE311 Final Year Project Controller charger
- 9. EEE311 Final Year Project Controller charger (2)
- 10. EEE311 Final Year Project Controller charger (3)
- 11. EEE311 Final Year Project
- 12. EEE311 Final Year Project Charge and Dump State Charge state: (TP1 = 1.66V) The controller will charge the battery when the input voltage is between 11.9V and 14.5 V, the green LED will turn on Dump state: (TP2 = 3.32V) The controller will switch to dummy load when the input voltage is more than 14.5 V, the yellow LED will turn on
- 13. EEE311 Final Year Project
- 14. EEE311 Final Year Project Setting TP1 and TP2 DC POWER SUPPLY + - DUMMYLOAD(+) WINDTURBINE(+) BATTERY(+) FRONT FACE OF CONTROLLER 220VAC 5 4 3 2 1 11,9 V for Tp-1 set 14,5 V for Tp-2 set
- 15. EEE311 Final Year Project POWER SUPPLY AS WIND TURBINE REPLACEMENT + - +- LEAD ACID 12V 12AH BATTERY 12VDC (IN) INVERTER 150W 220VAC (OUT) + - GROUNDING GROUNDING DUMMYLOAD+(LAMP) DCPOWERSUPPLY+ORWINDTURBINE BATTERY 220VAC TO LOAD (LAMP CIRCUIT) FRONT FACE OF CHARGER CONTROLLER VDC OUT DUMMY LOAD (LAMP) 5 4 3 2 1 220VAC Connection Diagram POWER SUPPLY AS WIND TURBINE REPLACEMENT + - +- LEAD ACID 12V 12AH BATTERY 12VDC (IN) INVERTER 150W 220VAC (OUT) + - GROUNDING GROUNDING DUMMYLOAD+(LAMP) DCPOWERSUPPLY+ORWINDTURBINE BATTERY 220VAC TO LOAD (LAMP CIRCUIT) FRONT FACE OF CHARGER CONTROLLER VDC OUT DUMMY LOAD (LAMP) 5 4 3 2 1 220VAC
- 16. EEE311 Final Year Project Battery (Genesis NP12-12T)
- 17. EEE311 Final Year Project Battery Specification (1) • Volts : 12V • Nominal capacity (20 hour rate) : 12 Ah • Length : 151 mm (5.94 inches) • Width : 98 mm (3.86 inches ) • Overall height (including terminals) : 97.5 mm (3.84 inches) • Weight : 4 kg (8.82 lbs) • Float charge voltage : 13.5 – 13.8 V @ 25°C • Cyclic charge voltage : 14.4 – 15V @ 25°C • Stand-by use : constant voltage charging 2.25-2.3 Volt per cell (VPC) • Cyclic use : 2.4-2.5 Volt per cell (VPC) with initial charging current should be less than 0.25 CA
- 18. EEE311 Final Year Project Battery Specification (2) • Top charge : 2.4 Volt per cell (VPC) with initial charging current should be less than 0.1 CA for 15-20 hours • Temperature range : charging and discharging from-15 to 50°C (normally 25°C) • Self discharge : 3% of rated capacity per month in room temperature • Cyclic service life : 1000 cycles, depends on the average depth of discharge • Float service life : 3-5 years
- 19. EEE311 Final Year Project Discharge Characteristic
- 20. EEE311 Final Year Project Cyclic Life
- 21. EEE311 Final Year Project DC-AC Inverter
- 22. EEE311 Final Year Project Inverter Specification • Input voltage range : DC 10-15V • Full power input current: 15A • Stand-by input current : < 0.4A • Output voltage (AC) : 220-240V • Output wave : Modified sinewave • Output frequency : 50Hz • Continuous output power : 150W • Starting power : 450W • Efficiency : 90% • Thermal protection : 60 ± 0.5 °C (Microcontroller) • Size (length, wide, height) : 120 x 73 x 73 mm • Weight : 560g
- 23. EEE311 Final Year Project Energy-meter • The first row displays voltage, current, and wattage • The second row displays the used energy (kWh), tariff (cost/kWh), and total cost (cost). • The third row displays time
- 24. EEE311 Final Year Project
- 25. EEE311 Final Year Project
- 26. EEE311 Final Year Project Final Output Result • Efficiency : 89.33% (with 0.67% difference from theory) • Voltage: 221VAC • Load current: 0.605 A (with 0.17% difference from theory) • Battery usage time: Battery rating/Inverter rating = 56.7 minutes
- 27. EEE311 Final Year Project Off-grid vs. Grid-tie Inverter
- 28. EEE311 Final Year Project Why using an off-grid inverter? • Much cheaper • Can be used during blackout • Most of grid-tie inverter is an AC-AC inverter • Most of grid-tie inverter has battery storage • Suitable for this project
- 29. EEE311 Final Year Project Project Budget The total cost spent: • 1.2 million IDR = 651.34 RMB (without the multimeter and the energy-meter) • 3.1 million IDR = 1730.6 RMB (with multimeter and energy-meter)
- 30. EEE311 Final Year Project Limitations and Future Works • Did not use a real wind turbine • The circuit is not programmable • Hybrid System Conclusion • Real application • Future wish