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BRANDING YOGA
A Harvard Business School Case Study
What is yoga?
a physical, mental and
spiritual discipline,
which include breath control,
simple meditation,
and specific bodily postures,
is widely practised for health
and relaxation.
I guarantee you, yoga
will compete with
computers, music, sports,
automobiles, the drug
industry. Yoga will take
over the world.
- Bikram Choudhury
In a way, our issue
is that yoga has
thrived, but
Hinduism has lost
control of the
brand.
- Aseem Shukla
In 2008, almost 16 million people in the US were practitioners of YOGA.
18-34 years - 40.6%,
35-54 years - 41.0%,
over 55 years - 18.4%
Is yoga rooted in Hindu philosophy?
Vedas, contained some themes that
may have been antecedents of yoga
theories and practices
The Bhagavad Gita, a part of
Mahabharata, was a philosophical
cornerstone for yoga
The Yoga Sutras, a series of
aphorisms authored by the Indian
philosopher Patanjali, were also
among yoga’s most important
precursors.
Why Yoga Succeeded in US?
Swami
Vivekananda,
was the
first to bring
Yoga to
America.
Indira Devi,
a Latvian actress
‘Mother of Western Yoga’
In 1947, She opened a
Hatha Yoga Studio in Los
Angeles that quickly
attracted a bevy of stars,
including Greta Garbo and
Jennifer Jones
Margaret, daughter of former
President Woodrow Wilson
Visited India to learn yoga
BIKRAM CHOUDHURY
 born in 1946 in Calcutta, India.
 began his study of yoga at age four under his guru,Bishnu Ghosh.
 won the National India Yoga Championship, thrice in a row.
 In 1971, arrived in the U.S
 open his first studio in LosAngeles.
 yoga classes instructed students in
26asanas and two breathing exercises
at a temperature of 50 degree
centigrade.
By 1984, admission to classes
at his Beverly Hills studio cost
$20 per person, a 10-class
package cost $100, and the
studio was taking in roughly
$1,000 a day
In 1979, Bikram obtained his first copyright, for this book
 In 2002 he decided to
patent the Bikram Style,
including the asana series and
breathing exercise.
 He started sending notices
to studios, For violation of
copyright.
 By April 2003, Bikram
had more than 700 studios
in 220 countries.
 By 2011, some 5000 Bikram
Yoga Studios had opened around
the world
CONTROVERSIES
In 2006, the Indian government
responded to Bikram’s yoga patents
by putting together a task force-a
panel of 100 historians and scientists
that would catalog 1,500 yoga poses
found in ancient Sanskrit, Urdu, and
Persian .
TARA STILES
 Ballet Dancer, Model, Yoga Practitioner
 Founder of the
‘Strala Yoga’
 As a preteen, she discovered
meditation including with her
ballet
 Joined Ford modelling agency.
 create and post promotional yoga videos on YouTube
 In 2007, Stiles left Ford
 Began to use Facebook to promote the yoga classes she
taught out of her apartment, and offered private sessions
 In 2008, Stiles opened her own studio, StralaYoga
In 2010,Deepak Chopra and Stiles released a yoga iPad app ,"Authentic Yoga,"
and collaborated on a video.
Stiles's book, Slim Calm Sexy Yoga, was published in
the summer of 2010
“I mean, Bikram doesn’t
want people using his
name without his
certification, which I get.
I think you can have a
name of a studio, but it’s
what goes on inside that
really matters. People
always ask what style I
teach, and I’m like, it’s
yoga”
HAF
an advocacy group for Hinduism in the
U.S., examined editions of Yoga
Journal, which had become a popular
American yoga magazine. They saw no
reference to Hinduism in the magazine
and concluded that it associated
Buddhism, Jainism, and Christianity
with yoga more than it did Hinduism.
“It was as if the Yoga Journal, as well as
much of the $6 billion U.S. yoga
industry, had agreed to some sort of
unwritten covenant to use code words
rather than what they deemed the
unmarketable ‘H-word,’”
SUHAG SHUKLA
Managing Director
HAF
wrote a letter to the
editor of Yoga Journal
and followed it with a
phone call and there
was no response
HAF
As the result, HAF decided to launch
“Take Back Yoga—Bringing to Light Yoga’s Hindu Roots”
On April 18, 2010, Aseem
Shukla, a member of
HAF’s board, wrote a
piece for the Washington
Post’s On Faith column,
entitled, “The Theft of
Yoga”
Hindus and Indians
have an ax to grind.
We have a tendency
to claim ownership of
everything, especially
if it goes back to
ancient times .
Hundreds of readers commented online on the piece of Aseem Shukla.
A few days later, Deepak Chopra responded and said:
Do yoga gurus commercialize yoga for profits?
In March 2011, Sheetal Shah of HAF, Tara Stiles,
Dr. Edwin Bryant of Rutgers University,
Dr.Virginia Cowen of the City University of New
York, and Edwin Stern, founder of Ashtanga Yoga
NY, participated in a discussion at Princeton
University called “The Politics of Yoga”
Debate on commercialization of yoga
What we noticed . . . was that . . . while
[Western yogis] are very accepting of the
fact that yoga is rooted in ancient India,
there was a tension with calling it Hindu,
or even accepting the fact that it
was rooted in Hindu philosophy
Sheetal Shah
HAF Senior Director
CONCLUSION
 Yoga is a root from the Hindu but it
is not being called Hinduism
 The westerns prefer Yoga as an art of
achieving good health, body and mind
and don't accept it as religion which is
supported widely.
 Both commercialization of Yoga and
upholding it's root values is needed for a
better position of Yoga in future.
RECAP
1.What is yoga?
2. History of yoga.
3. Yoga comes to America.
4. Bikram Choudhary, Tara Stiles, HAF
5. Conflicts between HAF and Deepak Chopra.
6. Conference, ‘the Politics of Yoga’
7. Conclusion.
CREDITS
https://www.food.ndtv.com
https://www.buzzoop.com
https://www.bodywisdom.org.uk
https://www.mindbodygreen.com
https://www.youtube.com
https://www.paramyogaindia.wordpress.com
https://www.hindujagruti.org
https://www.patheos.com
https://www.martialartsview.com
https://www.mumbai.me
https://www.missionsharingknowledge.com
https://www.pinterest.com
https://www.shiversupthespine.blogspot.com
https://www.bikramhotyogatmr.com
https://www.dailymail.co.uk
https://www.fox2now.com
https://www.tarastiles.com
https://www.hafsite.org
https://www.thenextweb.com
https://www.cnn.com
https://www.theindianpanorama.com
https://www.allposters.com
DISCLAIMER
Created by Himanshu Umaria, IIT Delhi ,
as part of an internship done under the
guidance of Prof. Sameer Mathur
(www.IIMInternship.com)
THANK YOU

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