The British Pharmacopoeia is the national pharmacopoeia of the UK and is published annually. It contains quality standards for UK medicinal substances and includes monographs on ingredients, preparations, packaging and other requirements. It has multiple volumes covering medicinal substances, formulated preparations, appendices and indices. The appendices provide information on interactions, borderline substances, cautionary labels and wound management products. It is used by healthcare professionals in the UK as an official reference for pharmaceutical substances and preparations.
Official Book Used in Pharmacy| Literature of Pharmacy| L 05|Un-Official| Pha...Tayyeb Mehmood
key point are:
Pharmacopoeias & formulary
Classification of compendia
Monograph with example
British Pharmacopoeia (BP)
British Pharmaceutical Codex (BPC)
International & National Pharmacopoeia
United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) -National Formulary (NF)
The state Pharmacopoeia of USSR
Pakistan Pharmacopeia
Indian Pharmacopeia
Merck Index, Martindale & Others
WHAT IS PHARMACOPOEIA?
HISTORY OF PHARMACOPOEIA
CONTENT OF PHARMACOPOEIA
WHAT IS MONOGRAPH?
PURPOSE OF MONOGRAPH
TYPES OF MONOGRAPH
IMPORTANCE OF CONTENT OF MONOGRAPH
MONOGRAPH DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
UNNANI PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
SIDDHA PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
GERMAN HOMOEPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
US PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
JAPANESE PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
COMPARATIVE STUDY
CONCLUSION
Reference
Official Book Used in Pharmacy| Literature of Pharmacy| L 05|Un-Official| Pha...Tayyeb Mehmood
key point are:
Pharmacopoeias & formulary
Classification of compendia
Monograph with example
British Pharmacopoeia (BP)
British Pharmaceutical Codex (BPC)
International & National Pharmacopoeia
United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) -National Formulary (NF)
The state Pharmacopoeia of USSR
Pakistan Pharmacopeia
Indian Pharmacopeia
Merck Index, Martindale & Others
WHAT IS PHARMACOPOEIA?
HISTORY OF PHARMACOPOEIA
CONTENT OF PHARMACOPOEIA
WHAT IS MONOGRAPH?
PURPOSE OF MONOGRAPH
TYPES OF MONOGRAPH
IMPORTANCE OF CONTENT OF MONOGRAPH
MONOGRAPH DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
UNNANI PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
SIDDHA PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
GERMAN HOMOEPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
US PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
JAPANESE PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA
format of monograph
COMPARATIVE STUDY
CONCLUSION
Reference
Pharmacopoeia: the word derives from the ancient Greek word pharmakon means drug & poeia- to make.
It is a legally binding collection, prepared by a national or regional authority& contains list of medicinal substances, crude drug & formulas for making preparation from them.
Herbal drug regulations and standardisationRavish Yadav
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
Are you responsible for keeping up to date with legislation on chemicals in products? This presentation brings you all the latest regulatory news on chemicals in products from around the world.
Chemicals covered include BPAs, phthalates, lead, cadmium, formaldehyde, PFOA, TCEP and other chemicals of high concern across a wide range of products from jewelry to infant formula, food packaging to batteries, and toys.
Guidelines for the control of Aquaculture medicinal products(AMPs)Degonto Islam
Aquaculture drugs and chemicals plays a pivotal role not only in fish health management but also pond construction, soil and water management, enhancement of natural aquatic productivity, feed formulation, manipulation of reproduction, growth promotion and processing. Government of Bangladesh organized an awareness program on control of AMP to create awareness among different stakeholders. Functioning of a control system for AMP is a prerequisite for quality assurance safe fishery products
Pharmacopoeia: the word derives from the ancient Greek word pharmakon means drug & poeia- to make.
It is a legally binding collection, prepared by a national or regional authority& contains list of medicinal substances, crude drug & formulas for making preparation from them.
Herbal drug regulations and standardisationRavish Yadav
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
Are you responsible for keeping up to date with legislation on chemicals in products? This presentation brings you all the latest regulatory news on chemicals in products from around the world.
Chemicals covered include BPAs, phthalates, lead, cadmium, formaldehyde, PFOA, TCEP and other chemicals of high concern across a wide range of products from jewelry to infant formula, food packaging to batteries, and toys.
Guidelines for the control of Aquaculture medicinal products(AMPs)Degonto Islam
Aquaculture drugs and chemicals plays a pivotal role not only in fish health management but also pond construction, soil and water management, enhancement of natural aquatic productivity, feed formulation, manipulation of reproduction, growth promotion and processing. Government of Bangladesh organized an awareness program on control of AMP to create awareness among different stakeholders. Functioning of a control system for AMP is a prerequisite for quality assurance safe fishery products
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
2. Pharmacopoeia, Monogragh
• An official publication containing a list of medicinal drugs
with their effects and directions for their use.
• A pharmacopoeia, pharmacopeia, or pharmacopoea (“drug-
making standard”), is a book containing directions for the
identification of compound medicines, and published by the
authority of a government or a medical or pharmaceutical
society.
• A monograph includes the name of ingredients or
preparations; the definition, packaging, storage and labeling
requirements and requirements. The specification consists
of a series of tests, procedures for tests, and acceptance
criteria.
3. British pharmacopeia
• The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) is the national
pharmacopoeia of the United Kingdom. It is an
annually published collection of quality standards
for UK medicinal substances.
• It is a non-profit organisation that owns the
trademark and copyright.
• Latest edition:
• The BP 2020 is the latest edition of the British
Pharmacopoeia. This edition becomes legally
effective from 1 January 2020.
11. Volumes
• Volumes I and II
• Medicinal Substances
• Volume III
• Formulated Preparations
• Blood related Preparations
• Immunological Products
• Radiopharmaceutical Preparations
• Surgical Materials
• Homeopathic Preparations
• Volume IV
• Appendices
• Infrared Reference Spectra
• Index
• Volume V
• British Pharmacopoeia (Veterinary)
• Volume VI
• (CD-ROM version)
• British Pharmacopoeia
• British Pharmacopoeia (Veterinary)
• British Approved Names
12. Appendices and indices
Appendix 1: Interactions
Appendix 2: Borderline substances
Appendix 3: Cautionary and advisory labels for diapensed
medicines
Appendix 4: wound management products and
elasticated garments
• Dental practitioners' formulary
• Nurse prescribers' formulary
• Non-medical prescribing
• Special order manufacturers
13. Borderline substances
• Borderline substances are mainly foodstuffs, such as enteral feeds and
foods that are specially formulated for people with medical conditions.
• The Committee has recommended a number of products as complete
feeds for certain conditions.They may be prescribed both as sole sources
of nutrition and as necessary nutritional supplements prescribable on
medical grounds.
Definitions
1. The Committee has defined proven lactose or sucrose intolerance as "A
condition of intolerance to an intake of the relevant disaccharide
confirmed by:
2. The Committee has defined proven whole protein sensitivity as
"Intolerance to whole protein, proven by at least two withdrawal and
challenge tests, as suggested by an accurate dietary history."
21. Special order manufacturers
• Licensed hospital manufacturing units also
manufacture ‘special-order’ products as unlicensed
medicines, the principal NHS units
• The MHRA recommends that an unlicensed
medicine should only be used when a patient has
special requirements that cannot be met by use of
a licensed medicine.