This document provides an overview of ecosystems and their components. It defines an ecosystem as consisting of both biotic and abiotic factors that interact. The abiotic factors include non-living elements like water, sunlight, temperature, soil, and wind. Biotic factors refer to living organisms and are divided into producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers include photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs that generate energy through photosynthesis or chemical reactions. Consumers feed on producers and each other, and decomposers break down organic wastes. Together these biotic and abiotic components maintain stability in the ecosystem.