This document describes a proposed low-cost portable ventilator system that uses atmospheric air and an automated process to compress and expand an ambu bag to ventilate patients. The system uses a stepper motor controlled by a microcontroller to mechanically compress and expand the ambu bag, eliminating the need for manual operation. It can help prevent over-pressurizing of the lungs compared to manual ventilation methods. The proposed portable ventilator would be low-cost, easy to use in emergencies, and not require external oxygen cylinders.

1. Low Cost Portable Ventilator With
Automatic Regulation

2. ABSTRACT
Low-cost portable ventilator is mainly used to
keep patients breathing by using the atmospheric
air.
It is a tool kit used in an emergency situation
for first-aid purpose.
The new system encases the pump in a plastic
box with a battery , motor and controls to take
the place of the manual compression process.

3. EXISTING SYSTEM
The procedure of Ambu Bag is used as a
artificial lung for lung disorders.
 This manual system is too difficult to operate
the device manually in an emergency.
There’s a chance for an over pressurizing of
lung cells which may leads patient’s death
incase of manual ventilation.

4. DISADVANTAGE
Need oxygen cylinder.
Manual Pressure control.
Not a portable one.
High cost.
It is difficult to handle both mask and
ambu bag simultaneously.

5. PROPOSED SYSTEM
In our proposed system manual compression of
Ambu Bag is done by mechanically.
The proposed system has a stepper motor
which is used for the compression and
expansion of the ambu bag by its forward and
reverse rotation.
Here we use atmospheric air for ventilation.
There is no need for an external oxygen
cylinder.

6. BAG VALVE MASK
1.MASK
2.CONTROL VALVE
3.AIR BAG/AMBU BAG
4.STEPPER MOTOR
5.INLET TUBE
1
2 3
4 5

7. ADVANTAGES
It is Portable size.
Low cost.
It uses atmospheric air.
It has very simple mechanism.
Over pressurizing can be prevented.

8. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
• Micro-controller(atmel 89s52)
• LCD display(2*16)
• ADC (0809-8 bit adc)
• Stepper motor
• Mechanical filter
• Pressure sensor

9. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
• Embedded C
• Keil Compiler

10. BLOCK DIAGRAM
ADC
(ad0809) MICRO
CONTROLLER
(atmel89s52)
LCD display
Stepper
driver
Mechanical
filter
Pressure
Sensor
Keypad
controller
Air
bag
Inlet
Air
flow
Control
Valves
To
mask
Alarm
Stepper
motor

11. BLOCK EXPLANATION
 Keypad controller is used to set the predefined volume of
pressure, Average respiratory rate which is already known by
the Doctors.
 Microcontroller is used to store the given data and drive the
stepper motor.
 When the stepper motor gets on, the compression and
expansion of Ambu bag is started through the stepper driver.
 Ambu bag is used to suck the air from atmosphere through the
inlet tubes and delivered it to the mask(during compression
and expansion process) through the filter.
 Filter is used to remove the dust particles from the air.

12.  Pressure sensor is fixed between the mask and the Ambu/Air
bag which is used to collect the pressure level and give it to the
ADC.
 ADC is used to covert the analog data(pressure sensor output)
into digital data.Now the data will be displayed by the LCD
through micro controller unit.
 If the pressure level is varied then the alarm gets on so that we
may control the pressure by adjusting the control knobs.

14. FLOW CHART
Set The Predefined Value
Run The Stepper Motor
Compression And Expansion Of The
Ambu Bag
A

15. YES
NO
B
Mask O/P =
Predefined Value
Continuous
Rotation(Forward &
Reverse) Of The
Motor
Stop
Stop The Motor By Giving An
Interrupt Signal
Adjust The Value By Using The
Control Knobs
A

16. ALGORITHM
STEP 1: Set the predefined values(volume of air delivered, pressure level) in the
ventilator kit.
STEP 2: Stepper motor is gets on and it gives forward and reverse rotation.
STEP 3: Compression and Expansion of Ambu bag is done according to the
rotation of the stepper motor and the air is delivered to the mask.
STEP 4: If the output of the mask(displayed by the LCD) is equal to the predefined
value means the motor gets continuous forward and reverse rotation and delivered
the air to the patient’s.
STEP 5: If the output value is not equal to the predefined value means we just stop
the stepper motor by giving an interrupt signal.
STEP 6:Now the value is adjusted by the use of control knobs.Then the motor gets
on to work to delivered the air.

17. SNAP SHOT
MECHANICAL MODULE
MASK
AIR/AMBU
BAG
STEPPER
MOTOR
ADC
STEP DOWN
TRANSFORMER
μC
LCD

18. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
Conclusion: From this project we can avoid the over
pressurizing of lung cells and we doesn’t need the
oxygen cylinder for ventilation.
Future work: In future we may replace the filter by the
Air purifier or Air curtains which is used to remove the
dust particles as well as the smoke presented in an
atmospheric air.

19. THANK YOU