The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Construction of bite for various functional orthodontic appliancesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
biomechanics of space closure in orthodonticcs / fixed orthodontics coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Stages in beggs technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Construction of bite for various functional orthodontic appliancesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
biomechanics of space closure in orthodonticcs / fixed orthodontics coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Stages in beggs technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Mode of action of functional appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Maxillomandibular elastics (or intermaxillary elastics) are commonly used because of their simplicity; however, a lack of understanding of their force system can lead to many serious problems.
Elastics are usually classified by the direction of the force (eg, Class II or Class III elastics).
Sometimes force magnitude is considered, but point of force application is left out. Therefore, many different types of Class II elastics can be applied. There are short or long elastics.
Often too many elastics are used when a single resultant elastic at the correct location would work better. However, sometimes more than a single elastic is needed when the attachment point is not directly accessible.
All maxillomandibular elastics and their actions should be analyzed in three dimensions.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Elastics and Elastomeric are routinely used as a active component of orthodontic therapy.
Elastics have been a valuable adjunct of any orthodontic treatment for many years.
There use combined with good patient cooperation provides the clinician with the ability to correct both
Antero-posterior and vertical discrepancies. The latex elastics have become integral part of orthodontics after being first discussed by Calvin. S. case in 1893 at the Columbia dental congress but the credit goes to Henry A. Baker for the use of these elastics in clinical practice to exert a class II intermaxillary forces.
Both natural rubber and synthetic elastomers are widely used in orthodontic therapy. Naturally produced latex elastics are used in the Begg technique to provide intermaxillary traction and intramaxillary forces. Synthetic elastomeric materials in the form of chains find their greatest application with edgewise mechanics where they are used to move the teeth along the arc
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Root resorption in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Ortho force systems /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Intrusion mechanic and appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional malocclusion /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Mode of action of functional appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Maxillomandibular elastics (or intermaxillary elastics) are commonly used because of their simplicity; however, a lack of understanding of their force system can lead to many serious problems.
Elastics are usually classified by the direction of the force (eg, Class II or Class III elastics).
Sometimes force magnitude is considered, but point of force application is left out. Therefore, many different types of Class II elastics can be applied. There are short or long elastics.
Often too many elastics are used when a single resultant elastic at the correct location would work better. However, sometimes more than a single elastic is needed when the attachment point is not directly accessible.
All maxillomandibular elastics and their actions should be analyzed in three dimensions.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Elastics and Elastomeric are routinely used as a active component of orthodontic therapy.
Elastics have been a valuable adjunct of any orthodontic treatment for many years.
There use combined with good patient cooperation provides the clinician with the ability to correct both
Antero-posterior and vertical discrepancies. The latex elastics have become integral part of orthodontics after being first discussed by Calvin. S. case in 1893 at the Columbia dental congress but the credit goes to Henry A. Baker for the use of these elastics in clinical practice to exert a class II intermaxillary forces.
Both natural rubber and synthetic elastomers are widely used in orthodontic therapy. Naturally produced latex elastics are used in the Begg technique to provide intermaxillary traction and intramaxillary forces. Synthetic elastomeric materials in the form of chains find their greatest application with edgewise mechanics where they are used to move the teeth along the arc
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Root resorption in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Ortho force systems /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Intrusion mechanic and appliances /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Segmented arch technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Copy of biomech of head gear /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Biomechanics in orthopedics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Orthopedic biomechanics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
ARRANGEMENT OF POSTERIOR TEETH ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT THEORIES OF OCCLUSION/ ...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Biology and biomechanics of extraoral appliances /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Tweed merrifield edgewise. /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Support in complete denture /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Trajectories and rotations /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Retention and relapse /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental a...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Bioprogressive therapy /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Activator and its modifications /certified fixed orthodontic courses /certif...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Similar to Biomechnics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy (20)
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Biomechnics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. BIOMECHANICS IN ORTHODONTICS
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandentalacademy.com
2. “The crux of the variety of reports implying a
direct or stimulating link between function and
size is that tissue size is not an inheritable trait
per se. Instead, the tissues and the organs
which they comprise have a predetermined
capacity to modify their sizes in response to the
changing physiological conditions which impact
these tissues and organs.”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. INTRODUCTION
(Chaconas)
There are two types of forces used in orthodontics:
Orthodontic or tooth-moving forces, and
orthopedic forces that affect the deeper craniofacial
structures.
Orthodontic forces are those that are applied to
the teeth by the wires of removable and fixed
appliances. The force produced by adjustments to
these wires ranges from 1 to 5 ounces, where as
www.indiandentalacademy.com
orthopedic forces are much greater.
4. DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS:(Pfeiffer&Grobety)
Treatment directed towards altering the
relationship of the bony elements of the jaws and the
pattern of activity of the oro-facial musculature.
ORTHOPEDICS (Bioprogressive therapy; JCO 1978
Jan)
Orthopedics implies any manipulation that alters
the skeletal system and associated motor organs.
From the practical stand point, in the growing child,
orthopedic alteration would be any manipulation
which would change the normal growth of the
dentofacial complex in either direction or amount.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. The alteration of facial and skeletal
configuration can be accomplished using
3 methods: (Graber, Rakosi, Petrovic)
1) Functional appliances:
Are designed to change the patients pattern of
function, alter the jaw relationships, and reprogram the
neuro musculature, thus altering the functional matrix
of the face.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. 2) Orthopedic appliances:
Are designed to transfer force as directly as possible
to the facial skeletal components.Forces generated may
be much higher than those used for orthodontic tooth
movement.
The appliances effectively influence sutural changes
and bone growth. If used at an early age, functional
appliances favorably alter the continuing facial growth
pattern.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7. 3) Orthognathic surgery:
In which the orthodontist cooperates with an oral and
maxillofacial surgeon and the treatment plan
involves the surgical repositioning of the jaws and
skeletal components of the face, is another option.
The use of functional and orthopedic appliances is
highly growth dependent, and patients are best
treated with these appliances at the earliest possible
age.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
8. HISTORY OF ORTHOPEDICS:
(In 1920)
EDWARD ANGLE and his followers believed that broad
skeletal changes could be produced by orthodontic
treatment. Any thing was possible, they believed, because
malocclusions developed from “environmental factors”.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. In 1936 a paper by OPPENHEIM revived the idea that
headgear would serve as a valuable adjunct to
treatment.
1940 the cephalometrics available, did not support the
ANGLE’S concept.
After world war II, SILAS KLOEHN’S impressive results
with headgear treatment of class II malocclusion
became widely known.
Early studies by BRODIE and others in the late 1940s
and 1950s suggested that the skeletal pattern could
not be altered significantly. The concepts of “the
stability of pattern” was developed, reducing
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orthodontics primarily to dentoalveolar changes.
10. GOULD has shown how changes in the inclination of the
face bow affect the direction of the force and ultimately the
direction of tooth movement. (AJO 1957)
GREENSPAN presented reference charts elaborating the
different moments and forces produced with the various
headgear designs.(AJO 1970)
In 1971 ARMSTRONG demonstrated the importance of the
precise control of magnitude, direction, and duration of extra
oral force to increase its efficiency and effectiveness in
treating malocclusions in the late mixed dentition.(AJO1971)
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19. Orthopedic treatment for vertical
excess:
•High pull headgear to the molars.
•High pull headgear to a maxillary splint .
•Straight pull headgear.
•Functional appliance with bite blocks.
•High pull headgear to a functional appliance with bite
blocks.
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20. Maxillary deficiency:
•The Delaire type facemask
•Maxillary protraction headgear
•Functional appliance for maxillary protraction
The Frankel III appliance
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23. Haas type expander
Hyrax expander
Minn-expander
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NiTi palatal expander
24. Palatal expansion:
The final expansion seen is usually a combination of
skeletal and dental expansion.
The CR of the palatal bones, lies above the line of
application of force (which is at the cusps of the molar
teeth). Hence tendency for palatal shelves to rotate
buccally inwww.indiandentalacademy.com dimension.
the transverse
25. (AJO-DO 1970 Mar Andrew J Haas)
1. Anteroposteriorly, the opening of the midpalatal
suture is parallel; inferosuperiorly, the opening is
triangular with the apex being in the nasal cavity.
2. The central incisors react as expected, considering
that they are linked by elastic transseptal fibers. As the
suture opens, the crowns converge while the roots
diverge. When the crowns come into contact, the
continued pull of the fibers causes the roots to
converge toward their original axial inclinations. During
this cycle, which usually takes about 4 months, the axial
inclination of these teeth may vacillate as much as 50
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degrees.
26. 3. The alveolar processes bend and move laterally
with the maxillae, while the palatal processes swing
inferiorly at their free margin. The effect is a dental arch
expansion and an increase in intranasal capacity.
4. When the midpalatal suture opens, the maxilla
always moves forward and downward. This is probably
due to the disposition of the maxillocranial sutures.
Sicher calls attention to the fact that these sutures are
oriented in such a manner that growth would produce a
downward and forward vector of maxillary movement.
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27. Since these hafting zone sutures are disengaged by the
palatal expansion procedure, an effect similar to
immediate growth is manifested in a downward and
forward displacement of the maxilla.
5. The change in maxillary posture invariably
causes a downward and backward rotation of the
mandible which decreases the effective length of the
mandible and increases the vertical dimension of the
lower face.
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29. Headgear:Headgear is a common term for an appliance that is
used for delivering a posteriorly directed extra oral
force to the maxilla. It used in orthodontics to modify
growth of maxilla, to distalize and protract maxillary
teeth, or to reinforce anchorage.
When headgear is used for skeletal modifications,in
growth modification, heavier forces are recommended.
Such heavier forces bring about actions (compress) on
the sutures of the maxilla, changing the magnitude and
direction of their growth, and modifying the pattern of
bone apposition at these sites, while the mandible grow
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normally (catch up with maxilla).
30. Headgear should usually be worn for at least 8 to 14
hr/day to achieve successful results. For orthopedic
changes forces used are in the range of 250 to 500 g per
side, and for dental movements they are in the range of
100 to 200 g per side.
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31. Biomechanics of Headgear
The efficient use of the headgear requires a sound knowledge
of basic biomechanics. Understanding how to control the
direction and magnitude of the forces produced by various
headgear designs is paramount in achieving desirable clinical
results.
A headgear can deliver only a net single, simple force. A force
is a vector quantity, having both a magnitude and a direction. It
has a point of application. In addition, it has a line of action. An
important principle in analyzing the force system for a headgear
is the relationship to the center of resistance of maxilla or the
first molar. A force passing through the center of resistance
causes pure translation in the direction of the line of the force.
Any other force produces translation and a rotation with a
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moment.
32. Center of resistance (CR)
Maxillary first molar
Entire maxilla
Entire maxillary teeth
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33. If the LF is moved superiorly, the CRot
moves coronally, and one gets a
counterclockwise moment.
When the LF is applied through the
CR, the object translates (all points of
the object move the same distance
along parallel lines).
Conversely, a more inferiorly
positioned line of force will displace the
CRot apically, creating a clockwise
moment.
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34. The magnitude of the moment produced by the
headgear is calculated by multiplying the
perpendicular distance (P) from the LF to the CR by
the magnitude of the force. Thus, for a given force, the
greater the distance from the CR that the force is
applied, the greater will be the moment.
M=Fxd
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35. Cervical headgear(Kloehn)
The cervical headgear is applied in early treatment of C-II
malocclusions to inhibit forward displacement of the maxilla or
maxillary teeth, while the rest of the dentofacial structures
continue their normal growth. This can cause a change in the
intermaxillary relationship from C-II to C-I. Change in molar
relation due not so much to the distal force, but to the
clockwise moment that very effectively tips the molar crown
distally.
Disadvantages: causes extrusion of upper
molars, but desirable in patients with short
lower facial heights.
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36. The effect of cervical
headgear:
1. To erupt entire upper jaw,
2. To tend to move upper jaw,
3. To steepen the plane of occlusion
(positive movement),
4. A first order moment tending to
rotate each segment mesial out,
distal in,
5. Because of the elastic properties of
the inner bow, an expansile force to
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the upper jaw.
37. Bio mechanics of cervical headgear:
When the outer bow lies along
the line of force (LFO), no
moment occurs, and the force
system will be reduced to a
bodily moment in a posterior
and extrusive direction.
If the outer bow is placed
above this line, the moment
produced by the force will be
in a counter clockwise
direction.
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38. If the outer bow adjusted
below this line, the moment
created will be clockwise.
Shorter outer bow, there is
tendency to steepen the
occlusal plane.
Longer outer bow, there is
tendency to flatten the
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occlusal plane.
40. PROTRACTION HEADGEAR:
Protraction headgear is used for skeletal and dental
protraction of the maxilla in C-III malocclusions caused by a
maxillary deficiency.
1) Hickam chincup.
2) Delaire face mask.
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41. Biomechanics of protraction headgear:
Protraction headgear exerts a mesial force on the
maxilla below the center of resistance with an equal and
opposite reciprocal force on the chin and forehead. The
force on the chin may cause a change in the posture of
the mandible that may effect its direction of growth.
The counter clockwise moment on the maxilla and
dentition caused by the line of force acting below the
center of resistance leads to a tendency for extrusion of
the maxillary posterior teeth with an associated opening
of the bite.
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42. Straight-pull headgear:
This style headgear is a combination of the high-pull and
cervical headgear, with the advantage of increased
versatality.
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43. Uses:
• This is a choice in a C-II malocclusion with no vertical
problems.
• To prevent anterior migration of maxillary teeth, or possibly
translate them posteriorly.
Advantage:
• It produces an essentially pure posterior translatory force. It
is accomplished by placing the LFO through the CR, parallel to
the occlusal plane.
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44. Biomechanics of straight-pull headgear:
Outer bow above LFO; will produce
a posterior force, counter
clockwise rotation, and most often
an intrusive force.
If the LFO cants up anteriorly
(attachment site of elastic is lower
on headcap than at outer bow); an
extrusive force will be produced.
If the outer bow is below LFO; the
force produced will be posterior
and superior and attachment will
be in a clockwise direction.
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46. HIGH PULL HEADGEAR
This consists of a typical face
bow (inner & outer bow) and a
harness, which fits over the
occiput of the head.
It is commonly used in classII correction in which
controlling anterior open bite
tendencies is part of problem.
This style headgear always
produces an intrusive and
posterior direction of pull, due
to the position of the headcap.
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47. Biomechanics of high-pull headgear:
If the outer bow is placed anterior to the
LFO, either above or below the occlusal
plane level, the moment produced will be
in a clockwise direction. The magnitude of
this moment will be proportional to the
distance of the outer bow to the CR.
If a distal and intrusive movement with no
moment is desired, the outer bow must be
placed some where along the LFO. This
force system would be beneficial in a logface C-II patients with a high mandibular
plane angle, where intrusion of maxillary
molars would decrease facial height and
improve the facial profile.
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48. Short outer bow angulated high, this
results in a force system at the unit’s
CR with a moment that tends to flatten
the occlusal plane and distal and
intrusive force components.
The headgear forces line of action
passes through the unit’s center of
resistance with longer outer bow, no
moment at CR & therefore no change
in the cant of the occlusal plane,
intrusive and distal components of the
force are acting.
With longer outer bow, steepens plane of occlusion and a force
with intrusive and distal components.such system might be
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necessary for class-II open bite patients.
49. Vertical-pull headgear:
The main purpose of this headgear is to produce an
intrusive direction of force to maxillary teeth, with
posteriorly directed forces.
It is very useful when pure intrusion of buccal
segments is required, as in the class-I open bite patient,
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50. Bio mechanics of vertical pull headgear:
•If the bow is hooked to the headcap
so that the line of force is
perpendicular to the occlusal plane
and through the CR, pure intrusion
may take place.
•If the outer bow placed anywhere in
the anterior compartment,-counter
clockwise moment;intrusive and
posterior force.
•If the outer bow placed anywhere in
the posterior section,-clockwise
moment,vertical intrusive &
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horizontal forward forces
51. High pull headgear to a maxillary
splint:
Used when a child with excessive vertical
development of the entire maxillary arch and too
much exposure of the maxillary incisors from beneath
the lip.
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52. Treatment for vertical mandibular excess
Chincup treatment: occipital pull chin cup; vertical pull
chiun cup
Occipital pull chin cup
Used in patients with short lower anterior facial height, pull of chin
cup is below the condyle.
Soft elastic appliance
Interlandi-type appliance
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53. Vertical pull chin cup
It results in a decrease in the mandibular plane angle, & gonial
angle; and increase in posterior facial height.
Unitek design www.indiandentalacademy.com
Summit design
55. CONCLUSION
Understanding how to control the direction
and magnitude of the forces produced by various
orthopedic appliances is paramount in achieving
desirable clinical results.
Decreasing the patients length of treatment
and improving the treatment results would be
the two benefits derived from applying wellplanned force systems.
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