1. Bio gas is a renewable and pollution-free energy source produced from cattle dung and other organic waste through anaerobic digestion in bio gas plants. 2. The objectives of bio gas plants are to provide rural households with fuel for cooking and organic manure while reducing pressure on forests and women's work. 3. Bio gas plants improve rural sanitation by connecting toilets to the system and help mitigate environmental issues by providing an alternative to firewood.

1. BIOGAS

2. Bio gas for village…
• Bio gas is a clean unpolluted and cheap
source of energy in rural areas. It
consists of 55-70% methane which is
inflammable. Bio gas is produced from
cattle dung in a bio gas plant
commonly known as gobar gas plant
through a process called digestion.

3. Objectives
• 1. To provide fuel for cooking purposes
and organic manure to rural house holds
through family type Bio Gas Plants.
2. To mitigate drudgery of rural women,
reduce pressure on forests and
accentuate social benefits.
3. To improve sanitation in villages by
linking sanitary toilets with bio gas
plants.

4. Construction Technique – Need to
keep in Mind
• Site Selection
• Digging of the pit
• Foundation laying
• Machinery construction work
• Laying of pipeline and accessories
• Precautions in lying pipelines.

5. A lay out Model of Gobar gas plant

6. Components required for Bio gas
plant
• Mixing tank and inlet
• Digester
• Gas holder or gas storage dome
• Outlet and compost pits
• Gas main outlet and valve, pipeline,
water fittings, gas stoves, lamp and
similar appliances run on bio gas.

7. Feeder (Raw materials) from the
Villages
• Cow dung
• Human waste (link latrine to the Gas
plant)
• Animal waste
• livestock and poultry wastes, night soil,
crop residues, food-processing and
paper wastes, and materials such as
aquatic weeds, water hyacinth,
filamentous algae, and seaweed.

8. Construction Process…
• First a pit is dug, perhaps ten feet
deep. Then a water-tight cement
cylinder (with brick or gravel) is
constructed. Next, a wall is built across
the middle, extending up from the
bottom, not quite to the top. Intake and
outgo pipes are installed. The whole unit
is water-tight.

9. • The manure is mixed with water in the
Intake basin to make a slurry, which
then goes down the pipe to the bottom
of the left side. This side of the
cylinder gradually fills and overflows to
the right side. Meanwhile, the whole
mass bubbles methane up to the top. It
collects under the large metal bell-like
cover. The gas builds pressure, and can
be taken off through a rubber tube to a
gas stove in a kitchen.

10. • When both sides of the cylinder are
full, the effluent flows out from the
bottom of the right side each time
more raw manure is added to the left.
What comes out on the right is of
more value as fertilizer than the raw
manure. So the methane is an added
byproduct literally "something for
nothing," once the capital expense of
the construction is paid.

11. Uses of Gobar Gas…
Generally the uses of the gas can be as
under:-
1) cooking
2) lighting
3) Motive Power a) run pump set b) chalf-
cutter
4) can produce electricity.
Motive Power can be produced by linking
the Gobar Gas to a duel fuel engine,
specially designed for Gobar Gas.

12. Advantages
(a) Large cattle population in the
countryside ensuring steady source of
supply of the raw material required
for running the gas plant.
(b) Helps in reducing the deforestation
as it arrests for cutting of trees for
firewood.
(c) Helps in maintaining ecological
balance.
(d) Helps in rural sanitation
(e) Lower capital cost and almost cost
free maintenance.
(f) Removes drudgery of women.

13. Model of Gas plant

14. Pictures