This document provides an overview of Nitinjay Singh's bioethanol plant design project. It first defines bioethanol and compares first and second generation ethanol production. It then outlines the process, which involves pretreating lignocellulosic biomass to remove lignin and hemicellulose, hydrolyzing the cellulose to glucose, and fermenting the glucose to ethanol. The document provides process flowsheets and describes several steps in detail, including material handling, pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation, and dehydration. Finally, it discusses the utilization of byproducts and residues from the process.

1. PROJECT
NAME –NITINJAY SINGH
ID - 17BTBIOCE011
SUBJECT- BIOPROCESS
PLANT DESIGN
(BCBE 610)
Criteria for Process Flow Design of Ethanol Producing Plant
using Lignocellulosic Substrates

2. CONTENT
• What is bioethanol ?
• 1G V/S 2G ETHANOL PRODUCTION
• Lignocellulosic Biomass
• Lignocellulose to Ethanol
• Process flowsheet
• UTILIZATION OF BY-PRODUCTS AND RESIDUE
SR. NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
Section 1 Project Overview 3
Section 2 Process Description 8
Section 3 Utilization of by-
products and residue
18

3. WHAT IS BIOETHANOL ?
• Bioethanol has been recognized as a potential alternative to
petroleum-derived transportation fuel.
Advantages
• Global warming and energy security.
• High octane number
• Low cetane number
• High heat of vaporization

4. World Fuel Ethanol Production in 2018
Country Millions of Gallons
United States 15,329
Brazil 7295
European Union 1377
China 845
India 225
Data from Renewable Fuels Association (http://www.ethanolrfa.org/pages/ Statistics , accessed January 9th, 2018).

5. 1G V/S 2G ETHANOL PRODUCTION

6. Lignocellulosic Biomass
• Lignocellulosic materials are an attractive option for the production of biofuels
• Structural part of plants that is not edible by humans and contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
• energy crops agricultural residues
ADVANTAGES
 Low cost
 Easily available
 Food chain not disturbed
DISADVANTAGES
 Pretreatment required to obtain reducing sugar
 Complex structure

7. LIGNOCELLULOSE ETHANOL
Pretreatment • Removed lignin & hemicellulose
Hydrolysis • Cellulose to glucose
Fermentation
• Glucose to ethanol

8. Process flowsheet for Biomass-to-Ethanol conversion
MATERIAL HANDLING PRETREATMENT HYDROLYSIS FERMENTATION
DISTILLATION

9. MATERIAL HANDLING

10. PRETREATMENT

11. ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

12. HYDROLYSIS COMPARISION

13. FERMENTATION SECTION

14. DISTILLATION SECTION

15. DEHYDRATION SECTION
 The ethanol after straight distillation contains
8% water.
 By passing it though a molecular sieve to
physically separate the remaining water from
ethanol based on the different sizes of the
molecules.

16. PROCESS CONDENSATE POLISHING UNIT:

17. UTILIZATION OF BY-PRODUCTS AND RESIDUE
• Lignin rich cake
• Raw CO2 gas
• Technical Alcohol (Impure Spirit)
• Fusel Oils
• Sludge from Process Condensate Treatment Plant
• Ash
• Biogas

18. REFERENCE
• Fuel ethanol production: Process design trends and integration opportunities
Carlos A. Cardona a,*, O´ scar J. Sanchez