Sea otters play an important role in kelp forest ecosystems by eating sea urchins that damage kelp. Without sea otters, sea urchin populations would rise and destroy much of the kelp, drastically changing the ecosystem and harming the many species that depend on kelp. Photosynthesis converts the sun's energy into chemical energy in sugars, which forms the base of the food web and supports all life.

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Sea otters protect kelp forests by consuming the sea urchins that chew through the kelp
holdfasts. The ecosystem of a kelp forest would go through drastic changes including
significant damage to the kelp and all organisms that depend on the kelp if the sea otther
was removed. This is a perfect example of
Producers make low-potential-energy organic molecules from high-potential-energy raw
materials
The primary source of Earth's energy, for use by living things, is
The process of respiration is​ ​% efficient at harnessing the chemical energy in food.
Carrying capacity is defined as the maximum population of a species that a given habitat
or ecosystem can support without being degraded
What trophic level category is a carnivore?
A food chain describes where energy and nutrients go as they move from one organism
to another
The primary climatic factor for determining the biome of a region is

2. Photosynthesis harnesses the Sun’s energy and transforms it into chemical energy
(i.e.,sugar).
What trophic level category is a herbivore?
Approximately what % of the energy taken in by a consumer is used to create new body
tissue?
The green pigment in plants and algae that enables them to harness the Sun's energy to
convert CO2 to sugar is called​ ​.
Phosphorous is a primary component of organic molecules (that make up living things).
The products of cellular respiration are​ ​.
All populations are capable of adapting when subjected to selective pressure.
Natural selection is the process by which specific traits favor the survival of some
individuals over others
Species can occupy multiple ecosystems and migrate between them.
Most species on this planet are concentrated in biogeographic hotspots that are
Which of the following is the correct order for the classification of life?
Which group of organisms has the most discovered species?
In the classification of life, scientific names include the genus capitalized and the species
in lower case with both parts italicized, such as Felis concolor.
Which of the following mass extinction events was the most recent and wiped out 85% of
all species including all of the dinosaurs?

3. The major threats to biodiversity include
After the last Ice Age, the human population began to increase because people began
farming and so they had a more steady food supply, and it was advantageous to have
larger families to work the land.
In 2050, the United Nations predicts that the global human population will be​ ​ people
When you look at a graph of global human populations with more recent years, including
future projections, what does the shape tell you?
In 2025, the United Nations predicts that the global human population will be
​people
According to the equation developed by Paul Ehrlich and John Holdren to describe the
human environmental impact (I), I=P x A x T, what does the "A" stand for?
More industrialized (and crowded) societies tend to go through a demographic transition
in which population growth
Population projections for the near future are higher than they have been in the past,
because of the two factors​ ​and​ ​(choose 2).What does this equation represent;
(Births + Immigration) ‑ (Deaths + Emigration)?
Malthus predicted that populations will continue to grow until they are reduced by which
of the following factors? Check ALL that apply

4. The current rate of population growth is faster than the rate of growth in food production
Grains can be used for​ ​. Choose ALL that apply
In the tropics, including countries like Brazil, new croplands are being converted from
Every 1 calorie of grains eaten by a pig or cow turns into 1 calorie of meat.