This document provides an analysis of BHP Billiton, including:
1. An analysis of BHP Billiton's strategy, profit drivers, and risks.
2. An examination of the mining industry using Porter's Five Forces, including rivalry among competitors.
3. An in-depth accounting analysis identifying key policies, flexibility, disclosure quality, and red flags.
4. Financial analyses including ratios, cash flow statements, and forecasts.
The document conducts a thorough study of BHP Billiton to understand its business strategy and performance.
The document summarizes the business case for a strategic alliance between Nestle and General Mills to expand their Yoplait yogurt brand internationally. Nestle and General Mills have complementary capabilities that could benefit an alliance - Nestle has global marketing and distribution expertise while General Mills has yogurt production capabilities. Both companies are large market leaders that could mutually benefit from the alliance and international expansion of the Yoplait brand. The document reviews the company profiles, strategies, financials and brands of Nestle and General Mills to assess their suitability and strategic fit as potential alliance partners.
Zara is a clothing brand known for fast fashion. It was founded in 1963 in Spain and opened its first store in 1975. Since then, Zara has expanded globally and now has over 2,000 stores in 96 countries. Zara's success is largely due to its ability to design and produce clothing in only two weeks in order to quickly respond to the latest fashion trends. It focuses on rapid production in small quantities, frequent store replenishments, and using its stores as a way to get customer feedback. Zara's core competencies include its vertical integration of design, production, and sales as well as its ability to quickly recreate fashion.
Global Business Strategy of British Petroleum (BP)Faysal Alam
This document provides information about globalization and BP. It discusses the key features and advantages/disadvantages of globalization. It then provides a brief history of BP, outlining its mission, vision, organizational structure, key facts and figures. It describes BP's four core values of being progressive, innovative, green, and performance-driven. Finally, it lists some of BP's major product and service brands such as BP, Aral, and others.
Scandinavian Airlines was faced with a decision to purchase new Boeing 737 aircraft and had to choose between a standard engine or a more expensive "green" engine. The green engine, a two-stage dual annular combustion engine, produced significantly lower NOx emissions but would cost the airline an additional $2 billion. As an airline known for its environmental leadership and operating in a culture that values environmental protection, SAS had to weigh the financial costs against the benefits of upholding its green reputation.
In response to a huge crisis in 2000, the new CEO of Procter & Gamble has to decide whether to continue with an unusual organizational design or to revert to the old matrix organization. Describes all the organizational designs used by Procter & Gamble from the 1920s onward, including geographic, product, and matrix architectures. Market development organizations, global business units, and global business services unit, each of which is heavily interdependent with the others and none of which has a clear decision-making advantage, comprise the unusual organizational design. Examination of the different organizational designs, trade-offs associated with each organizational architecture as well as the accompanying implementation problems
This document is a student assignment analyzing the strategic capabilities of Shell, an oil and gas company. It includes 30 sections analyzing various aspects of Shell's strategy, capabilities, culture and governance. The key points analyzed include Shell's large scale global operations in upstream, downstream and other areas as a core capability; benchmarking Shell against competitors BP and ExxonMobil; partnerships with Ferrari and Ducati providing brand recognition; and analyzing trends like the shift to cleaner energy sources that Shell is adapting to through new programs. Tools like PESTLE analysis, SWOT analysis and more are used to evaluate Shell's position and choices.
TESLA: international business strategies- introduction to tesla, Pricing strategy: price skimming, General Environment AnalysisSegment Elements Industry Effect, Five Forces Analysis, SWOT ANALYSIS, International Market strategies, Problems Tesla Should Solve in the Foreign, Factors of Tesla’s Success in the Foreign Market,
Staples is the world's largest office supplier with over 100 stores in the UK. They sell thousands of products across retail, B2B, corporate, and e-commerce markets. V63 worked with Staples to launch a new technology proposition called "Connect", a monthly subscription mobile phone contract. V63 developed a microsite integrated into Staples' site, produced video content, and trained Staples employees. They designed in-store display stands and POS materials to promote Connect. Staff and managers provided positive feedback on the training, resources, and promotional materials developed by V63.
The document summarizes the business case for a strategic alliance between Nestle and General Mills to expand their Yoplait yogurt brand internationally. Nestle and General Mills have complementary capabilities that could benefit an alliance - Nestle has global marketing and distribution expertise while General Mills has yogurt production capabilities. Both companies are large market leaders that could mutually benefit from the alliance and international expansion of the Yoplait brand. The document reviews the company profiles, strategies, financials and brands of Nestle and General Mills to assess their suitability and strategic fit as potential alliance partners.
Zara is a clothing brand known for fast fashion. It was founded in 1963 in Spain and opened its first store in 1975. Since then, Zara has expanded globally and now has over 2,000 stores in 96 countries. Zara's success is largely due to its ability to design and produce clothing in only two weeks in order to quickly respond to the latest fashion trends. It focuses on rapid production in small quantities, frequent store replenishments, and using its stores as a way to get customer feedback. Zara's core competencies include its vertical integration of design, production, and sales as well as its ability to quickly recreate fashion.
Global Business Strategy of British Petroleum (BP)Faysal Alam
This document provides information about globalization and BP. It discusses the key features and advantages/disadvantages of globalization. It then provides a brief history of BP, outlining its mission, vision, organizational structure, key facts and figures. It describes BP's four core values of being progressive, innovative, green, and performance-driven. Finally, it lists some of BP's major product and service brands such as BP, Aral, and others.
Scandinavian Airlines was faced with a decision to purchase new Boeing 737 aircraft and had to choose between a standard engine or a more expensive "green" engine. The green engine, a two-stage dual annular combustion engine, produced significantly lower NOx emissions but would cost the airline an additional $2 billion. As an airline known for its environmental leadership and operating in a culture that values environmental protection, SAS had to weigh the financial costs against the benefits of upholding its green reputation.
In response to a huge crisis in 2000, the new CEO of Procter & Gamble has to decide whether to continue with an unusual organizational design or to revert to the old matrix organization. Describes all the organizational designs used by Procter & Gamble from the 1920s onward, including geographic, product, and matrix architectures. Market development organizations, global business units, and global business services unit, each of which is heavily interdependent with the others and none of which has a clear decision-making advantage, comprise the unusual organizational design. Examination of the different organizational designs, trade-offs associated with each organizational architecture as well as the accompanying implementation problems
This document is a student assignment analyzing the strategic capabilities of Shell, an oil and gas company. It includes 30 sections analyzing various aspects of Shell's strategy, capabilities, culture and governance. The key points analyzed include Shell's large scale global operations in upstream, downstream and other areas as a core capability; benchmarking Shell against competitors BP and ExxonMobil; partnerships with Ferrari and Ducati providing brand recognition; and analyzing trends like the shift to cleaner energy sources that Shell is adapting to through new programs. Tools like PESTLE analysis, SWOT analysis and more are used to evaluate Shell's position and choices.
TESLA: international business strategies- introduction to tesla, Pricing strategy: price skimming, General Environment AnalysisSegment Elements Industry Effect, Five Forces Analysis, SWOT ANALYSIS, International Market strategies, Problems Tesla Should Solve in the Foreign, Factors of Tesla’s Success in the Foreign Market,
Staples is the world's largest office supplier with over 100 stores in the UK. They sell thousands of products across retail, B2B, corporate, and e-commerce markets. V63 worked with Staples to launch a new technology proposition called "Connect", a monthly subscription mobile phone contract. V63 developed a microsite integrated into Staples' site, produced video content, and trained Staples employees. They designed in-store display stands and POS materials to promote Connect. Staff and managers provided positive feedback on the training, resources, and promotional materials developed by V63.
Nestlé is a global food and beverage company established in 1905 in Switzerland. It has grown significantly through acquisitions and innovation to offer products from morning to night including baby food, bottled water, cereal, chocolate and other confections. To continue growing, Nestlé focuses on emerging markets, health and wellness products, and out-of-home consumption. It aims to increase organic growth and profit margins through constant efficiency improvements and investments in research and development.
Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance, Case AnalysisRamin Navvabpour
-An analytical approach to define Key Success Factors of the Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance.
-Strategies, Goals, and achievements of Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance
-How to eliminate distances in Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance (the CAGE model)
1) Walmart began as a single discount store founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and grew to become the largest retailer in the world through a strategy of low prices, efficient supply chain management, and expansion into new store formats like Sam's Club warehouses and Supercenters.
2) By 1994, Walmart had over 1,900 discount stores and was expanding aggressively into new markets, with Supercenters and Sam's Clubs becoming major drivers of growth.
3) Walmart's low-cost business model and ability to pressure suppliers on price gave it a strong competitive advantage over rivals in the retail industry.
Tie Breakers || GMBCC 2017 || Singapore Airlines: Premium Goes Multi-Brand Kausar Ahmed Pranto
This document was created by team Tie Breakers from University of Dhaka (Consisting of Kausar Ahmed Pranto, Muhammad Syfuddin Tamim, Sadman Mustafa Rahman) to participate in Gadjah Mada Business Case Competition.
This is a case analysis on Singapore Airlines where we considered Singapore Airlines and its subsidiaries such as Tiger Air and Scoot. The airlines was facing problem managing its muliti-brand strategy as it gradually moved from multibrand.
This document provides an overview of ExxonMobil, the world's largest publicly traded international oil and gas company. It discusses ExxonMobil's history and business portfolio, including its upstream, midstream, and downstream operations. The document also includes a PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, and BCG matrix analysis of ExxonMobil's various business segments. Key points covered include ExxonMobil's strategic acquisitions and divestitures, joint ventures, resources and capabilities, and corporate strategy focused on its upstream business.
The Body Shop fue una empresa pionera en responsabilidad social corporativa desde su fundación en 1976. Promovió causas sociales y medioambientales a través de sus tiendas y productos. En 2006 fue adquirida por L'Oréal por 652 millones de libras, lo que generó críticas de clientes que consideraban que la venta violaba los principios éticos de The Body Shop. Tanto la empresa como L'Oréal argumentaron que los valores de responsabilidad social se mantendrían, pero la viabilidad económica de la adquisición fue cuestionada.
Nestlé S.A. is a Swiss company that manufactures and markets nutrition, health, and wellness products worldwide. It operates through six segments and produces a wide range of food and beverage products. This document analyzes Nestlé's financial health by examining its performance against Unilever in various environmental factors, including political/legal, economic, sociocultural, technological, natural environment, and competitive forces. It finds that Nestlé must comply with various regulations in different countries and adapt to consumer trends towards healthier options. The company uses technology to develop new products and marketing strategies. It is committed to sustainable practices and reducing environmental impacts. Nestlé faces strong competition but maintains a strong position through its large brand portfolio and
SWOT & PESTLE analysis on Haier company Imsciences peshawar student (MPA 2018) Ahmed Baigal
This document provides information about Haier Group, a leading manufacturer of home appliances. It discusses the company's strengths such as its large market share and trusted brand reputation. It also examines weaknesses like overreliance on the Chinese market. Opportunities for growth include rising consumption in emerging markets and technological advances. Threats include increased competition and flat growth in mature markets. The document then analyzes political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that could impact Haier's operations both in China and abroad.
The document summarizes the strategic alliance formed in 1999 between Renault and Nissan, who were both facing challenges from increasing global competition and saturated markets. Nissan was $20 billion in debt and had issues with complacency and bureaucracy. Renault lacked international presence and a diverse product line. The alliance aimed to develop synergies while preserving autonomy, improve quality, and benefit from each other's strengths. Key goals achieved included becoming the third largest automaker with a 9% global market share and a significant presence worldwide.
The document outlines a case study analysis framework. It discusses how Harvard Business School developed case studies in 1920 to provide in-depth analysis of business problems and decision making processes. The 4 step framework involves: 1) defining the problem, 2) formulating alternative courses of action, 3) analyzing alternatives in terms of strengths and weaknesses, and 4) recommending an accepted course of action. The document also provides details on analyzing a firm's environment, industry, technology, political/social influences, and financials as part of a case study.
Environmental Differentiation Strategy of PatagoniaJohannes Mahlich
As producer of outdoor cloth Patagonia considers the environment as their most important stakeholder in their decision-making. Their environmental efforts go far beyond required law and impose extra costs on their customers. As to basic economic logic providing environmental quality beyond required law will put a company in a competitive disadvantage.
Patagonia’s vision is environmental conservation and restoration. They consider their purpose of being in building the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, and use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis. Patagonia wants to compete in the market by pursuing an environmental differentiation strategy.
Patagonia’s key tactics in providing value for their stakeholders are summarized under the so-called ‘Product Lifecycle Initiative’. This initiative is a holistic commitment to lengthen the product lifecycle and reduce landfill waste. Those tactics can be categorized into what Patagonia refers to as: Reduce, repair, reuse and recycle. To reduce their customers consumption Patagonia heavily invests into R&D to produce the most durable garments. In addition, they only use organic and recycled garments to reduce the footprint of their products. Patagonia offers a free repair service for all of their products for the whole product life. Furthermore, they offer a second market where consumers can resell their used products. Patagonia encourages their customers to return Patagonia products instead of throwing them away so that they can recycle them correctly.
Patagonia provides a lot of value to the environment. This value needs to be captured via the consumers. Hence, the environmental quality they provide needs to find a willingness to pay among the customers. Some, but few people buy Patagonia products for altruistic reasons because they know that buying Patagonia products will do good to the environment. Patagonia bundles the public good of environmental quality, which is difficult to charge the customer for, with the private good being product quality. They do this by constantly communicating environment friendliness together with quality. Hence, consumer value environmental friendliness for the implicit quality Patagonia offers. Another aspect to buy their products is environmental prestige. Most importantly, however, environmentalism resonates with their customer values as Patagonia’s customers, as buyers of outdoor wear, usually love the nature. The fact that environmentalism is deeply integrated into their business model makes their engagement credible and difficult to imitate by competitors.
As the case of Patagonia shows basic economic logic has its limits when it comes to environmental differentiation strategies. A company can serve the environment as main stakeholder as long as it is able to capture those values perceived by the environment by finding willingness at the consumer to pay for those environmental qualities.
The document summarizes Procter & Gamble's organizational changes over time. It focuses on the "Organization 2005" restructuring program introduced by CEO Durk Jager which aimed to accelerate sales and innovation by structuring P&G into three global organizations based around products, geographies, and business processes. However, the changes led to missed earnings targets, loss of market share, and reduced employee morale as jobs were cut. While the goals were to promote innovation and speed, a lack of immediate results and confrontational leadership style created problems. Recommendations include building employee buy-in through communication, shaping culture to fit the strategic needs, and giving local management flexibility while maintaining global standards.
The document is an agenda for a meeting discussing IKEA's expansion plans to open 50 stores in the USA. It includes sections on reviewing IKEA's history in the USA, problems and solutions in expanding there, and an overview of the US furniture market. The agenda seeks input on maintaining and updating IKEA's brand attributes and positioning for the US market expansion.
The document discusses strategic alliances and joint ventures between pharmaceutical companies. It provides details of four examples of partnerships: Merck partnered with Alnylam in a non-equity strategic alliance to collaborate on RNAi drug development. GSK partnered with Dong-A through an equity strategic alliance to co-promote products in South Korea. Hisun and Pfizer formed a joint venture to collaborate on local production and distribution in China. Intrexon partnered with Sun Pharmaceuticals through a joint venture to develop new methods for treating ocular diseases using synthetic biology.
It is a report on a case study of a company named Larson inc. which company sought detailed analysis for decision regarding it should continue its business in Nigeria or not.
The document discusses Aldi, a discount grocery store chain. It provides a SWOT analysis, noting Aldi's strengths are affordable prices and strong operations in Germany. Weaknesses include limited shopping experience and perception as cheap. Opportunities exist in developing markets and increased marketing. Threats include competition from established brands. Aldi operates with private label brands, rigorous quality control, and efficient stores between 8,000-15,000 square feet. It strategically selects locations near competitors like Walmart to siphon customers.
This document provides an overview of Procter & Gamble (P&G), a multinational consumer goods company. It discusses P&G's financial performance, operations, product categories, competitors and future strategies. P&G aims to add one billion new consumers globally by 2015 through expanding into emerging markets with lower-cost products and strengthening rural distribution networks. It competes with other major consumer packaged goods companies like Unilever, Kimberly-Clark, Johnson & Johnson and Colgate-Palmolive across various product segments.
Tesco – A PEST Analysis and Stakeholder Statement 2Jonathan Thornton
Tesco should rank customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, and the community as its top stakeholders. It also needs to consider the government and experts. The document then analyzes political, economic, social and technological factors affecting Tesco. Politically, it must consider regulations, taxation, and government support. Economically, inflation, supply/demand, competition impact it. Socially, education, health, and buying habits are factors. Technologically, online shopping, self-checkout, debit cards, social media, and future tech will be important. The conclusion recommends Tesco focus on customers, employees, developing clubcard/systems, and its main UK market.
BHP Billiton is a leading global resources company headquartered in Australia with over 100 locations in more than 25 countries. It focuses on operating large, long-life upstream assets in iron ore, petroleum, copper, and coal. In fiscal year 2013, BHP Billiton had underlying EBIT of $21.1 billion, net operating cash flow of $18.3 billion, and paid a dividend of $116 cents per share. Its petroleum business accounted for $5.7 billion in underlying EBIT and the company has over 100,000 employees. BHP Billiton has a diverse portfolio including its four large business divisions and maintains a balance of conventional and unconventional assets as economic and demand conditions change globally
Nestlé is a global food and beverage company established in 1905 in Switzerland. It has grown significantly through acquisitions and innovation to offer products from morning to night including baby food, bottled water, cereal, chocolate and other confections. To continue growing, Nestlé focuses on emerging markets, health and wellness products, and out-of-home consumption. It aims to increase organic growth and profit margins through constant efficiency improvements and investments in research and development.
Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance, Case AnalysisRamin Navvabpour
-An analytical approach to define Key Success Factors of the Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance.
-Strategies, Goals, and achievements of Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance
-How to eliminate distances in Renault-Nissan Strategic Alliance (the CAGE model)
1) Walmart began as a single discount store founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and grew to become the largest retailer in the world through a strategy of low prices, efficient supply chain management, and expansion into new store formats like Sam's Club warehouses and Supercenters.
2) By 1994, Walmart had over 1,900 discount stores and was expanding aggressively into new markets, with Supercenters and Sam's Clubs becoming major drivers of growth.
3) Walmart's low-cost business model and ability to pressure suppliers on price gave it a strong competitive advantage over rivals in the retail industry.
Tie Breakers || GMBCC 2017 || Singapore Airlines: Premium Goes Multi-Brand Kausar Ahmed Pranto
This document was created by team Tie Breakers from University of Dhaka (Consisting of Kausar Ahmed Pranto, Muhammad Syfuddin Tamim, Sadman Mustafa Rahman) to participate in Gadjah Mada Business Case Competition.
This is a case analysis on Singapore Airlines where we considered Singapore Airlines and its subsidiaries such as Tiger Air and Scoot. The airlines was facing problem managing its muliti-brand strategy as it gradually moved from multibrand.
This document provides an overview of ExxonMobil, the world's largest publicly traded international oil and gas company. It discusses ExxonMobil's history and business portfolio, including its upstream, midstream, and downstream operations. The document also includes a PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, and BCG matrix analysis of ExxonMobil's various business segments. Key points covered include ExxonMobil's strategic acquisitions and divestitures, joint ventures, resources and capabilities, and corporate strategy focused on its upstream business.
The Body Shop fue una empresa pionera en responsabilidad social corporativa desde su fundación en 1976. Promovió causas sociales y medioambientales a través de sus tiendas y productos. En 2006 fue adquirida por L'Oréal por 652 millones de libras, lo que generó críticas de clientes que consideraban que la venta violaba los principios éticos de The Body Shop. Tanto la empresa como L'Oréal argumentaron que los valores de responsabilidad social se mantendrían, pero la viabilidad económica de la adquisición fue cuestionada.
Nestlé S.A. is a Swiss company that manufactures and markets nutrition, health, and wellness products worldwide. It operates through six segments and produces a wide range of food and beverage products. This document analyzes Nestlé's financial health by examining its performance against Unilever in various environmental factors, including political/legal, economic, sociocultural, technological, natural environment, and competitive forces. It finds that Nestlé must comply with various regulations in different countries and adapt to consumer trends towards healthier options. The company uses technology to develop new products and marketing strategies. It is committed to sustainable practices and reducing environmental impacts. Nestlé faces strong competition but maintains a strong position through its large brand portfolio and
SWOT & PESTLE analysis on Haier company Imsciences peshawar student (MPA 2018) Ahmed Baigal
This document provides information about Haier Group, a leading manufacturer of home appliances. It discusses the company's strengths such as its large market share and trusted brand reputation. It also examines weaknesses like overreliance on the Chinese market. Opportunities for growth include rising consumption in emerging markets and technological advances. Threats include increased competition and flat growth in mature markets. The document then analyzes political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that could impact Haier's operations both in China and abroad.
The document summarizes the strategic alliance formed in 1999 between Renault and Nissan, who were both facing challenges from increasing global competition and saturated markets. Nissan was $20 billion in debt and had issues with complacency and bureaucracy. Renault lacked international presence and a diverse product line. The alliance aimed to develop synergies while preserving autonomy, improve quality, and benefit from each other's strengths. Key goals achieved included becoming the third largest automaker with a 9% global market share and a significant presence worldwide.
The document outlines a case study analysis framework. It discusses how Harvard Business School developed case studies in 1920 to provide in-depth analysis of business problems and decision making processes. The 4 step framework involves: 1) defining the problem, 2) formulating alternative courses of action, 3) analyzing alternatives in terms of strengths and weaknesses, and 4) recommending an accepted course of action. The document also provides details on analyzing a firm's environment, industry, technology, political/social influences, and financials as part of a case study.
Environmental Differentiation Strategy of PatagoniaJohannes Mahlich
As producer of outdoor cloth Patagonia considers the environment as their most important stakeholder in their decision-making. Their environmental efforts go far beyond required law and impose extra costs on their customers. As to basic economic logic providing environmental quality beyond required law will put a company in a competitive disadvantage.
Patagonia’s vision is environmental conservation and restoration. They consider their purpose of being in building the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, and use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis. Patagonia wants to compete in the market by pursuing an environmental differentiation strategy.
Patagonia’s key tactics in providing value for their stakeholders are summarized under the so-called ‘Product Lifecycle Initiative’. This initiative is a holistic commitment to lengthen the product lifecycle and reduce landfill waste. Those tactics can be categorized into what Patagonia refers to as: Reduce, repair, reuse and recycle. To reduce their customers consumption Patagonia heavily invests into R&D to produce the most durable garments. In addition, they only use organic and recycled garments to reduce the footprint of their products. Patagonia offers a free repair service for all of their products for the whole product life. Furthermore, they offer a second market where consumers can resell their used products. Patagonia encourages their customers to return Patagonia products instead of throwing them away so that they can recycle them correctly.
Patagonia provides a lot of value to the environment. This value needs to be captured via the consumers. Hence, the environmental quality they provide needs to find a willingness to pay among the customers. Some, but few people buy Patagonia products for altruistic reasons because they know that buying Patagonia products will do good to the environment. Patagonia bundles the public good of environmental quality, which is difficult to charge the customer for, with the private good being product quality. They do this by constantly communicating environment friendliness together with quality. Hence, consumer value environmental friendliness for the implicit quality Patagonia offers. Another aspect to buy their products is environmental prestige. Most importantly, however, environmentalism resonates with their customer values as Patagonia’s customers, as buyers of outdoor wear, usually love the nature. The fact that environmentalism is deeply integrated into their business model makes their engagement credible and difficult to imitate by competitors.
As the case of Patagonia shows basic economic logic has its limits when it comes to environmental differentiation strategies. A company can serve the environment as main stakeholder as long as it is able to capture those values perceived by the environment by finding willingness at the consumer to pay for those environmental qualities.
The document summarizes Procter & Gamble's organizational changes over time. It focuses on the "Organization 2005" restructuring program introduced by CEO Durk Jager which aimed to accelerate sales and innovation by structuring P&G into three global organizations based around products, geographies, and business processes. However, the changes led to missed earnings targets, loss of market share, and reduced employee morale as jobs were cut. While the goals were to promote innovation and speed, a lack of immediate results and confrontational leadership style created problems. Recommendations include building employee buy-in through communication, shaping culture to fit the strategic needs, and giving local management flexibility while maintaining global standards.
The document is an agenda for a meeting discussing IKEA's expansion plans to open 50 stores in the USA. It includes sections on reviewing IKEA's history in the USA, problems and solutions in expanding there, and an overview of the US furniture market. The agenda seeks input on maintaining and updating IKEA's brand attributes and positioning for the US market expansion.
The document discusses strategic alliances and joint ventures between pharmaceutical companies. It provides details of four examples of partnerships: Merck partnered with Alnylam in a non-equity strategic alliance to collaborate on RNAi drug development. GSK partnered with Dong-A through an equity strategic alliance to co-promote products in South Korea. Hisun and Pfizer formed a joint venture to collaborate on local production and distribution in China. Intrexon partnered with Sun Pharmaceuticals through a joint venture to develop new methods for treating ocular diseases using synthetic biology.
It is a report on a case study of a company named Larson inc. which company sought detailed analysis for decision regarding it should continue its business in Nigeria or not.
The document discusses Aldi, a discount grocery store chain. It provides a SWOT analysis, noting Aldi's strengths are affordable prices and strong operations in Germany. Weaknesses include limited shopping experience and perception as cheap. Opportunities exist in developing markets and increased marketing. Threats include competition from established brands. Aldi operates with private label brands, rigorous quality control, and efficient stores between 8,000-15,000 square feet. It strategically selects locations near competitors like Walmart to siphon customers.
This document provides an overview of Procter & Gamble (P&G), a multinational consumer goods company. It discusses P&G's financial performance, operations, product categories, competitors and future strategies. P&G aims to add one billion new consumers globally by 2015 through expanding into emerging markets with lower-cost products and strengthening rural distribution networks. It competes with other major consumer packaged goods companies like Unilever, Kimberly-Clark, Johnson & Johnson and Colgate-Palmolive across various product segments.
Tesco – A PEST Analysis and Stakeholder Statement 2Jonathan Thornton
Tesco should rank customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, and the community as its top stakeholders. It also needs to consider the government and experts. The document then analyzes political, economic, social and technological factors affecting Tesco. Politically, it must consider regulations, taxation, and government support. Economically, inflation, supply/demand, competition impact it. Socially, education, health, and buying habits are factors. Technologically, online shopping, self-checkout, debit cards, social media, and future tech will be important. The conclusion recommends Tesco focus on customers, employees, developing clubcard/systems, and its main UK market.
BHP Billiton is a leading global resources company headquartered in Australia with over 100 locations in more than 25 countries. It focuses on operating large, long-life upstream assets in iron ore, petroleum, copper, and coal. In fiscal year 2013, BHP Billiton had underlying EBIT of $21.1 billion, net operating cash flow of $18.3 billion, and paid a dividend of $116 cents per share. Its petroleum business accounted for $5.7 billion in underlying EBIT and the company has over 100,000 employees. BHP Billiton has a diverse portfolio including its four large business divisions and maintains a balance of conventional and unconventional assets as economic and demand conditions change globally
BHP Billiton Petroleum had a strong financial year in 2012 with increased production and revenues. Production volumes increased 40% to over 600,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day due to the acquisition and integration of Onshore US shale assets from Petrohawk Energy Corporation. Overall revenues increased by over 20% compared to 2011. BHP Billiton Petroleum continues to focus on operational excellence across its global conventional and unconventional oil and gas operations to deliver strong financial performance through increased production and efficiencies.
Research Study on Contract Law: The equitable doctrine where brought to provide equity in cases which had a defect in consideration, at which it is unconscionable for a party to suffer the determent. The court has the power to practice judicial discretion in these circumstances, where seen there is unjust enrichment or unconscionable. However, it is mandatory for the applicant filing for equity to satisfy the conditions forming the equitable doctrine.
The predictability and certainty of these causes have lead to comprise the law, having it called “The dangerous doctrine”, as a person could preplan the events that will lead another person to be victimized by an estoppel. Rather having solid common law that sets the rules, equitable doctrine bend these rules and compromises the law.
The purpose of this report is to examine and evaluate the internal control system of Naizak under the supply chain procedures to be applied at the company. The supply chain procedure The supporting literature for an effective internal control system is the recommendations of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations and the Statements on Auditing Standers 78 which is expressed in the literature review chapter II of this report.
The document summarizes key aspects of negligence law in Australia from the textbook "Concise Australian Commercial Law". It outlines the elements required to establish negligence - duty of care, breach of duty, causation and damages. It discusses situations where a duty of care may exist between parties, as well as defenses to negligence claims such as voluntary assumption of risk and contributory negligence. It also examines professional standards of care and vicarious liability of employers for acts of employees.
Este documento presenta el curso "Camino a Cero Daño" de Minera Escondida, el cual tiene como objetivo capacitar a trabajadores sobre seguridad y gestión de riesgos. El curso se basa en el sistema de administración HSEC de BHP Billiton y cubre temas como liderazgo, salud, comunicación, y comportamiento para prevenir incidentes. Más de 51,000 trabajadores han sido capacitados, pero se necesita actualizar el curso y capacitar a más de los 130,000 trabajadores en la industria minera chilena.
BHP Billiton, the world’s largest diversified resources company – producing oil as well as coal, copper, diamonds, iron ore, manganese, nickel, uranium and a number of other minerals – boasts of a strong reputation for corporate responsibility. Communities affected by its operations may well believe that such a reputation is unjustified. London Mining Network and others produced an alternative report on the company ready for its London AGM on 29 October 2009 (see low resolution pdf file at http://www.piplinks.org/system/files/BHP+Billiton+Alternative+Report.pdf). That report was expanded for the company's Australian AGM on 26 November. This version of the report is a high resolution pdf file (12.7 megabytes).
This document discusses tax practice and ethics regarding Campbell Corporation's tax return preparation. Campbell develops electronic products including GPS applications. Its research department works with the US government and on software development. Some research qualifies for the federal tax credit but some items are uncertain. As Campbell's tax advisor, you must determine how aggressive to be in claiming credits, consider potential penalties, and provide diligent advice given limited expertise in GPS software. The document then summarizes IRS administration including letter rulings, determination letters, technical advice memorandums, audit selection processes, audit types and procedures.
De Beers Consolidated Mines has successfully managed the global diamond industry for many decades, propping up prices at all stages of the value chain, reducing price volatility and increasing consumer demand. By the end of the 20th century, however, a series of forces threatened De Beer's role and profitability. New diamond mining firms were selling their production on the open market rather than through De Beers' Central Selling Organization. Can De Beers strategy beat their competitors and what was the competition situation? Find out, more in this presentation.
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Introduction:
The company that has been researched is the Toyota motor Corporation
Ticker symbol
TM
Exchange
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
No of common shares outstanding
1,583,714,334
Industry
Consumer goods
Country
Japan
Toyota Motor Corporation is considered to be a leading automaker headquartered in Japan. The human resources vertical employed 317,734 people and was the largest automobile manufacturer by production. Founded in 1937, the automaker has grown and has its presence in all countries of the world .the Toyota motor corporation group is considered to be one of the largest conglomerates in the world
A. Provide a rationale for the U.S. publicly traded company that you selected, indicating the significant factors driving your decision as a financial manager
Some financial highlights of the company which favorably incline towards investing in this company:
1. The third quarter result of the financial results of the firm showed that on a consolidated basis,
a. net revenues for the period totaled 19.12 trillion yen, an increase of 17.8 percent compared to the same period last fiscal year.
b. Operating income increased from 818.5 billion yen to 1.85 trillion yen,
c. Income before income taxes was 2.02 trillion yen.
d. Net income increased from 648.1 billion yen to 1.52 trillion yen
e. Operating income increased by 1.03 trillion yen.
Some of the major contributors to the increase in income were cost reduction efforts and favorable currency fluctuations. The global sales of automobiles under the group registered a 25% increase globally.
As the financial manger of a company, my instincts towards advising a client to invest in a company are grounded by strong fundamentals. Toyota Motor Corporation has been very strong in its financial fundamentals. Companies whose financial fundamentals are very strong make good investments portfolios.
Such firms are called blue chip companies and trades very selectively on the stock markets are can be studied in depth for any investment purposes. Such firms rarely indulge themselves in any kind of compliance issues are generally favored by investors.
Toyota Motor Corporation is one such stock that as a finance manager I would recommend to buy and hold because the firm has been in the news for all the right reasons and for its future plans of expansion with very strategic mergers and acquisitions. The firm’s product ranges especially the new line of green automotive ranges have caught the fancy of al countries and it is expected that the company will be giving a return of more than 22% to its shareholders (toyotaglobal.com).
B. Determine the profile of the investor for which this company may be a fit, relative to that potential investor's investment strategy. Provide support for your rationale.
The profile of a suitable investor for the company would be a conservative risk taker. The investor would like to buy the stock and hold it for long periods so as to partake of the .
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4. Executive Summary:
The below report does an in-depth analysis keeping in mind porters five forces to understand
strategy followed by in detail accounting analysis which highlights the red flags. In depth
financial analysis understanding various ratios of the company covering various factors helping
investor understand the business better and see the way forward for Bhp Billiton.
Introduction:
Bhpbilliton is a 150-year-old mining company started from Indonesia. They have been market
leader in the resource mining industry, which have used unique and effective ways to lead in the
particular industry and the below report shows how.
Page 4 of 24
5. 1. Strategy Analysis
1.1 Profit Drivers
• Efficiency – In terms of cost management.
• Growth – Paying higher dividends or increase in share value keeping shareholders happy
boosting equity funded capital.
• Income – Not only revenues but also reducing loss in forex and fluctuating prices in
resources
• Sustainability – Resource rich sites and positive cash flows from operating activates to
keep business going.
• Diversification – In terms of types of resources mined.
1.2 Risks
Fluctuating resource prices.
Foreign Exchange rate.
Demand and Supply.
Highly depended on cross border trade hence foreign economic conditions.
Natural resources depended – Laws and Depletion
Mother Nature – Unpredictable
Politics and Country relations
Page 5 of 24
7. (#Note: The above data is for understanding the difference between competitors
approximately 2012-2013)
The above table is the numeric comparison of Bhpbilliton and its closest global competitors.
The above information clearly shows Bhpbilliton being the largest organisation followed by
Rio Tinto, Vale S.A, Alcoa Inc and Industrial Metals & Minerals respectively. The
comparison is purely based on the current Market Cap and Net Income and EPS share of
each of the companies, and how revenues of Bhpbilliton and Rio Tinto Ltd are very close
but there net income vary greatly showing that Bhpbilliton has better ways to reduces
expenses and taxes and have a higher income in comparison to its main rival.
2.2 Threat of Substitute Products:
Bhpbilliton is a resource mining company from things like iron ore and coal and petroleum,
uranium, etc. Which are core materials used for infrastructure and energy, which are very
crucial in today’s growing world as with the growing world there in an increase in the
demand for consumption of energy and infrastructure needs. Though there might be growing
alternatives to fossil fuels in terms of energy production which are being replaced by water,
solar, wind and popular biofuels and are being supported by environmental laws and
environmentalists they are not viable in economic terms for the developing countries as they
are too expensive to be adopted in the near future. Bhpbilliton biggest customers in terms of
consumption for energy generation are developing countries and china the highest populated
country in the world is Bhpbilliton biggest consumer. Hence making their products very
expensive and difficult to substitute in the main countries to where they supply due to current
infrastructure and energy demands in those countries.
2.3 Threat of New Entrants:
The mining industry irrespective of the footprint (size of the industry) is very hard to get into
as it’s very expensive for new entrants. The process to start mining in long process in terms
of finding and locating and start mining and the capital investment and the power to hold
must be great and strong network to distribute and deliver products is crucial making it very
unattractive and expensive proposition for new comers. Hence making that threat from new
entrants low, and almost negligible.
Page 7 of 24
8. 2.4 Bargaining powers of the suppliers:
The bargaining power of suppliers is that factor which determines the intensity of
competition in the concerned industry. In terms of Bhpbilliton a resource mining company
the bargaining power of suppliers, to be judged is a very difficult task as the supplier is
nature and Mother Nature at time can be very unpredictable. Hence bargaining powers
depends on natural sources is neither high nor low though can be argued by the availability in
terms of the amount of resources available to mine depending on the kind of recourses
companies mining and under that condition Bhpbilliton mines are rich in resources or we can
say “supply”.
2.5 Bargaining powers of Customers:
Bargaining power of costumers in terms of availing the recourses is low but they can
influence the price depending on the global demand of a certain recourses hence making it a
complex situation and giving more power to the buyers. Recent example could be petroleum
prices going drastically low.
Page 8 of 24
9. 3. COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
3.1 Potential Competitors
In the mining industry potential competitors would usually be established mining companies.
Barriers for new entrants as we discussed before are very high due to high entry and exist costs.
As mentioned above the only real competition for Bhpbilliton in the near future would be Rio
Tinto provided it grows constantly and it’s not greatly affected by the resource price fluctuations.
Valuation Measures
RIO
Tinto Bhpbilliton
Percentage
Comparison (Rio
vsBhp)
Market Cap (Billion) 101.93 159.35 63.96611233
Enterprise Value (18/04/2015)
(Billion) 117.75 185.11 63.610826
Trailing P/E 15.69 16.01 98.00124922
Forward P/E (31/12/2016) 16.44 23.05 71.32321041
PEG Ratio (5 years) -2.79 -1.77
Price/Sales 2.17 2.54 85.43307087
Price/Book 2.23 2.01 110.9452736
Enterprise Value/Revenue 2.47 2.93 84.3003413
Enterprise Value/EBITDA 6.77 6.7 101.0447761
As the above table shows the latest data of “Rio Tinto vs. Bhpbilliton” we can see that they both
are quite similar in their performance when compared to their Market Cap and theof the
enterprise.
Page 9 of 24
10. 3.2 Competitive Strategy
To own and operate large, long-life, low cost, expandable upstream assets (upstream – is a
term used for the stage of mining companies during the exploration stage) which are
diversified by types of resources, locations and markets.
Pursue Growth:
• Correct evaluation and development done for cost efficient extraction of resources.
• Low cost distribution of products using efficient well established distribution networks.
• Managing financial risks – forex, marketing costs, etc.
• Defining and governing world-class functional standards.
Hence, leading Bhpbilliton to be a long-term sustainable business true to its roots.
Page 10 of 24
11. 4. Accounting Analysis:
The analysis in this section will determine the degree to which BHP Billiton’s financial reports
and accounting information are realistic and reliable information to the investor.The analysis will
focus on management policy and its effects on the quality of the financial statement. Also, the
analysis will determine any red flags and effective adjustment if necessary.
4.1 Identify key accounting policies:
The below sub-section will study BHP accounting policies and the degree of conformity to
accounting standards for the following Inventory Valuation, Depreciation, Bad Debt, Research
and Development, and Goodwill.
4.1.1 Inventory valuation:
Mineral reserves, Petroleum reserves, and Liquid Gas are the most significant part of the
inventory for the mining industry. Since the reserves are found in deep layers of earth, it is
default to have a confidence level of measurement of the resaves. For example, valuing a
Mineral Reserve site take into account many operational, economical, and political factors
effecting the process and costs associated with extractions. Currently and under IFRS there is no
concrete framework to measurement of the recourses. However, the Committee for Mineral
Reserves International Reporting Standards, CMRIRS, has set guidelines on the requirements to
estimate Mineral Recourses:
A- The level of confidence and interpretation for the geological area a reserve is located in.
B- Reserves are of high quality, backed by representative samples and assays.
C- Application of proper estimation technique.
This is applied by ongoing mapping and sampling the deposits, guaranteeing high quality
sampling methods (Geostatistical and Statistical Techniques), and employing competent and
qualified analysis. However, the guidelines states that even with the highest confidences in
mapping of the recourses, the results are only estimates but not measurements. Thus, any
interpretation on the geological site can change the value of the reserves; Figure 1 shows the
relationship between Mineral and Ore reserves in respect to the confidence level of the
geological site.
Page 11 of 24
12. Figure 1 (CRIRSCO, Recourses/Reserves Reporting Standards for Minerals, 2005)
Given the information above, it is expected and within the Mining Industry to have frequent
write offs or adjustments of their inventory account.
BHP’s inventory accounting policy including work in progress is valued at the lowest average
cost and net realizable value (the expected sale value of an asset less the expected cots). This is
because minerals, petroleum and other extracts sales values are affected by international trades
and fluctuating prices, and the cost to produce the raw product is associated with economic and
legal factors. Finished Goods Inventories are accounted on the basis of absorption costing (Direct
Costs plus Overhead Costs) this is composed of cost of raw material and mining overhead.
Minerals Inventory or Reserves quantities are assessed but not measured through surveys and
assays. Moreover, Petroleum Inventory is assessed by flow rate or tank volume measurement,
where calculations are driven from sample analysis too.
4.1.2 Depreciation policy:
The depreciation policy is based on the estimated residual value of the asset over the estimated
useful life on the asset. The below table 1 summarizes depreciation policy:
Page 12 of 24
13. Asset Method
Buildings 25 to 50 years.
Land Not Depreciated.
Plant & Equipment 3 to 30 years straight-line method.
Mineral rights & Petroleum interests Based on reserves in a unit of production basis.
Capitalized exploration & development
expenditure
Based on reserves on a unit of production
basis.
Table 1 Depreciation Methods (BHP Limited, Annual report, 2014)
To compare BHP depreciation methods within it industry, we have selected Mastermyne PTY
Ltd. Mastermyne uses the straight-line and the diminishing bases, a discount pool, over the
estimated useful life. Another competitor of BHP is Rio Tinto, they are using the same
depreciation methodology. However, the data wasn’t found in the annual report.
4.1.3 Bad debt provision
As stated in BHP annual report 2014, there is no provision over bad debt, that it has not been
recognized to any outstanding balances. However, “Provisions for Doubtful debts” is recorded in
the current receivables with a balance of AUD 115 millions.
4.1.4 Research and Development
When a reserve is determined at the phase or research and development, capitalized exploration
is reclassified as asset under construction under property. A development is all the expenses
occurred during the extract phase and sale of extracts. Any development expenditure is
capitalized as asset under construction, IAS 16.
4.1.5 Goodwill Amortization
Goodwill is the excess of cost over fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. In BHP this
is seen in business combination, where BHP pays an interest in a business combination over the
fair value. Goodwill in a business combination is considered to have an indefinite life time and
thus cannot be amortized, (FASB, Business Combinations, 2001). BHP Goodwill is assessed
annually for a possible impairment (IAS 38), and this is calculated in two steps, first the carrying
amount of an asset added with goodwill is compared to the fair value of the asset. If the fair
value is greater than the carrying amount then no impairment is recorded. Second, the fair value
Page 13 of 24
14. is compared to the carrying amount; if the result is greater than Goodwill then impairment is
recorded in the income statement for the difference.
4.2 Accounting flexibility
The main profit driver of BHP is its servers of minerals and other extracts, which correspond to
the majority of Inventory. As noted in section 1.1.1 the inventory value can be altered to the
benefit of the management strategy giving them Accounting flexibility. Since the value of the
reserve is also measure by net realizable value per unit, an estimate of market value of the final
product shows flexibility in valuing their inventory. This can affect the income statement by
reducing expenses, thus showing higher EBIT and EBITDA that would influence investors.
4.3Evaluate quality of disclosure and accounting strategy
KPMG Australia have practiced an “Unmodified” opinion over the consolidated financial
statement, the financial statements are in accordance to generally accepted accounting principles,
there is no departure, and the amounts in the financial statement represent the economical
position of the company. The value of inventory in a mining industry is an estimate of the size of
the reserve and the costs associated with the extraction of the reserves.
BHP financial statement disclosed all relevant accounting policy, as the footnotes reflects the
accounting policy of BHP. The other segments of BHP performance are clear and represent the
performance of BHP as a whole.
Table 2 Directors Interest (Morningstar, BHP)
Page 14 of 24
15. Management policy in accounting and in comparison of other competitors is fairly similar except
to depreciation. This is the reason that BHP has many projects worldwide, this have resulted in
the need for BHP to integrate with other inline business to facilitate its operations; moreover, the
depreciation policy applied is acceptable internationally as BHP other subsidiaries are audited as
to the country hosting the subsidiary. Management is not influenced by the profits of BHP nor
have major shares in the company, table 2.
4.4Identify red flags and their effect on accounting numbers:
Revenue from operating activities hasn’t been increasing during the period from 2012 to 2014. While,
revenue from non-operating activities have been increasing, Table 3. This is seen especially in June 2013
where the revenue from non-operating activities had the highest value among the other years. This is an
indication that BHP is trying to cover its increase in expenses that year 2013, Table 3. BHP had to sell
major parts of it business to reduce its expenses and to increase its revenues.
Table 3 BHP Revenue/EBITDA over 10 years, (Morningstar, BHP)
BHP have been selling parts of it business since 2013 to improve EBITDA figures, this is found at BHP
annual report in the financial statement, section 3 exceptional items. Our study is limited to 2014 events
Table 4 Pinto Valley Sale, Describing BHP selling parts of its business, (BHP, Annual Report, 2014)
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16. 4.5Undo accounting distortions
To undo the accounting distortions mentioned in the previous part “Identifying red Flags”, we will reverse
the journal entry for the sale of Pinto Valley, and since an impairment of goodwill haven’t been
recognized by the sale no further adjustment for goodwill is needed:
Sale of Pinto Valley 146.4555M
Gain on Sale before Tax 506.5445M
Cash 653 M
(Journal entry to reverse the sale)
The Tax allocated for 2014 is 31.57%, as to the reverse the tax, profits after tax should be increase by
506.5445 x .3157 = 159.92M.
Thus, Profits after Tax = 15,752.65 + 159.92 = 15,912.57M
Table 5 BHP Profit after Tax, (BHP, Annual Report, 2014)
Other revenue will be decreased, 1617.83 -14.4555 = 1603.3745. Thus, total revenue will be 71343.95 +
1603.3745 = 72,947.3245. Thus EBITDA will be 33,490.8445M instead of 33,505.31.
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17. 5. Equity Analysis
To evaluate the Equity of BHP, we will implement the Dividend Discount Model.
Equity Value = DIV1/ (1+Re)^1 + DIV2/ (1+Re)^2 + DIV3/ (1+Re)^3 + …..
DIV: Expected future Dividends or investment returns.
Re: Cost of Equity capital.
First, we will calculate the cost of Equity of BHP using the CAPM model assuming a constant growth of
25.00% from last year.
Data Collected from Morningstar:
Beta: 0.91 RM: 4.3% RF: 2.96% (10 years Bond, Reserve Bank of Australia)
Ke = 0.0296 + 0.91 ( 0.043 – 0.0296)
Ke= 4.18%
As calculated in excel the equity value is at 2260.80M on a 107,163,534 shares, so the actual value of the
share should be AUD $21.09 by dividing the equity value by the number of shares. Thus we conclude that
BHP is overpriced since the current market share value is 29.97 as to the 20th
of April 2015, and we
hereby and as to the valuation in this section analysis advise our client not to invest in BHP. However, the
client is advised about the data limitation and the formulas used. We have assumed that BHP has a
constant growth rate of 25%.
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18. 6. Financial Analysis
6.1Ratio Analysis
6.1.1 Operating management
During December 2014 half year, there has been an increase in the group production by 9% and
by the end of financial year 2015; there will be growth in the group production by 16%. Also,
there has been an increase in the metallurgical coal production by 21% in half year 2014
December since Illawarra and Queensland coal achieved half year volumes.
Iron ore production rose by 15% as the utilization and availability of Jimblebar was improved
along with the integrated supply chain. 9% increase in the production of petroleum was recorded
in 2014 December as well as an increase of 71% in Onshore US liquid volumes. However, there
was a decrease in the copper production was recorded in the same time frame half year.
6.1.2 Investment management
There is an increase in the receivables turnover which means that the company is efficient in
collection from its creditors.BHP is also very particular about managing its credit and price risks
by assessing the creditworthiness of their customers. Inventory turnover shows the times
inventory is used over the period of time. BHP’s inventory turnover has declined in the last three
years showing the inventory is held and is not being used effectively however, we can also see
that it has increased in the last 5 years so we can conclude that the overall performance was
efficient.
6.1.3 Financing decisions
Since we can see that a large portion of BHP Billiton is debt financed so there are proceeds from
interest bearing liabilities, debt related instruments, ordinary shares and also the contribution
from non-controlling interests. Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shared declined by a great
difference, which could affect the company’s financial standing. However if we see the cash
flow statement and its financial activities, we can say that the proceeds from borrowings has
performed effectively in the last 3-4 years which is balancing out the reduction in issuances.
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19. 6.1.4 Dividend policy
After the announcement of the results at the end of the period, dividends are determined for the
period. In February, interim dividends are decided which are then distributed or paid to the
shareholders in March. However, in September the final dividends are distributed which are
determined in August. In relation to this policy, these determined dividends are not reported as a
liability at the end of the period. BHP Billiton, at the end of the year, decided US62.0 cents per
share with a total of US$3,301mil to be distributed as the final dividends to be paid on the 23rd
of
September 2012 and determined on the 19th
of August. Likewise, for last two years as well; Final
dividend: US 59.0cents per share on June 30th
2013- US$3,147mil and for 2012, US$3,149mil f
US57.0 cents per share were paid as final dividend on the 30th
June.
6.1.5 Profitability ratios
If we look at ROE, we can tell that the shareholder’s money has been effectively utilized or
reinvested in order to generate income. BHP Billiton’s ROE as we can see has been fluctuating
in the last 5 years showing a final increase in 2014 of 18.47% which is considerably good since
the company can actually pay off its shareholders dividends and signs of future growth of the
company. Also we can see ROA which shows the effective use of the company’s assets at their
disposal. BHP’s return on asset showed extreme variation and by 2014 it fell to 9.56 per cent
which could mean that the company is less capital intensive and would need more money to
generate profits for future. Net profit margin has increased to 20.58 percent since last year which
could also be due to a decrease in the tax rate in 2014
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20. 6.1.6 Operating turnover ratios
There is variation in the fixed and total assets turnover which can help the investors to make
prudent decisions by evaluating the effectiveness of investment in the asset was. Overall
performance of these ratios is good so this is not the point of concern at the moment for BHP.
6.1.7 Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio signifies if the company has enough cash or is liquid enough to pay off its
current liabilities. It is like a test for a company in terms of liquidity. Creditors usually in the
short term would like a current ratio to be lower since it reduces the overall risk in their portfolio
or they have concerns regarding consumption of assets for growth. According to the recent
financial statements of BHP Billiton Ltd the current ratio declined since 2009 to 2013 however it
gained its position back at 1.23 times in 2014. It is 72 per cent lesser than the basic material
industry and from metals and minerals industry lower than approximately 87 per cent. Also,
since quick or acid-test ratio is calculated after removing the inventories, there has been an
increase in quick ratio since a lot of inventories were held in the given years.
6.1.8 Solvency ratios
BHP Billiton’s interest coverage ratio has increased over last few years to 38 times which is
because of an increase in the finance costs over the period of time. However, this also indicates
that BHP could use a cheaper source of finance and since BHP is exposed to business risk, it
should lower the financial risk by decreasing the debt financing. There is extreme fluctuation in
the debt to equity ratio as in 2014 it is standing on 38% which is considered to be on the verge of
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21. improving or declining because BHP is looking at valuing the investment by shareholders and
safeguarding its assets respectively.
6.1.9 Sustainable Growth rates
There was an increase in the productivity level due to an increase in the plant and trucks
utilization rates along with the reduction in maintenance, contractor and labour costs. US$40mil
was recognized as redundancies. Operating revenue, EBITDA and EBIT showed a decline in as a
percentage for 5 years which is an alarming situation for BHP. However, in the last 2 years EPS
showed sustainable growth or improvement which can be attractive to the investors since it is
positive 15.18% in 2014 from -6.01%.
6.2 Cash Flow Statement Analysis
Tax and interest by 26 per cent to about us$25.4bil in FY2014 resulted in an increase in the net
operating cash flows. After alteration in the working capital balances, about US$2.6bil was
inclined in generated cash through operations and decrease by US$2.1bil due to net taxes solely
contributed to this outrageous increase. Because the income taxes paid were low, this contributed
to a decline in net taxes which were paid of US$1.2bil along with low effective tax rate and
refund of taxes of about US$852mil. There was decrease in net investing cash outflows to
US$15.8 which was down by US$2.9bil which showed a decline in the capital and exploration
expenses by US$5.6bil which were evened out by a fall by US$2.9 in asset sales proceeds.
Expenses were calculated to be US$13.1bil inclusive of spending on petroleum and mineral
projects by US$5.6 and US$7.5bil respectively. Capital expenses stood at US$2.9bil. US$1.0bil
were the expenses from exploration which included classification in net operating cash flows of
US$716mil.Non- controlling expense and interest bearing liability of US$1.4bil and US$6.3bil
contributed to the net financing cash flows. However, interest bearing proceeds involved
issuance of four tranche Global Bond of US$5bil. All the stated inflows were balanced out by
repayment of debts and repayment of dividends by US$7.2bil and US$6.4bil respectively.
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22. 7. Prospective Analysis
7.1 Forecasts
Figure 4.1 shows the projections of BHP Billiton’s income statement from year 2015 till 2019.
These forecasts are entirely on the basis of historical data including the information provided
from year 2009 to 2014. Average of the growth in sales, cost, profitability, income and EPS was
taken for the years to come.
1.1.1 Sales forecast
Sales revenue as projected, we can say that is increasing at the constant rate of 3.2% as suggested
by the past information which will rise approximately by 13% by FY19 as expected.
1.1.2 Cost forecast
Also, interest expense is expected to increase by 10% till 2019 which can be an alarming
situation for BHP as the company is mostly funded by debt and there are more chances of
bankruptcy or investors losing interest in BHP as their share of dividend shall be paid as the
finance cost.
1.1.3 Profitability forecast
Net profit after interest and tax is expected to increase by 4.4% from FY15-FY19 which may be
attractive however; the company has the potential to perform much better.
1.1.4 Dividend forecast
Final dividend in the years to come is expected to increase by 6% whereas; dividend yield is
expected to grow by 8% which could be quiet attractive for the investors as they’d be getting
confirmed dividend with decent return on their investment since the dividend per share is also
expected to increase on constant rate of 2%.
Figure 4.1:
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23. 7.2 Evaluation
The above figures look attractive because the changes in years to come are made on a constant
growth basis however, due to information provided in the past data it is not necessary that the
projections are entirely relevant or valid in terms of making an investment decision.
We can say that a lot of factors are still absent in the model, such as economical changes in
Australia may bring about changes in the mining industry in a positive or a negative which may
or may not have caused under or over valuation.
Also, unforeseen events may occur due to which problems may occur in the mining industry.
These events cannot be predicted or forecasted which may impact the company’s future
performance analysis.
Government policies may also change in the chain of events such as, the corporate tax rate can
vary widely or other impositions may affect the company’s performance.
There is also a possibility that in next five years, the company’s sales, cost, profitability and
dividends don’t grow at an average rate like in the past data there has been prominent variation,
so taking average growth rates may not be the more valid method of projecting a company’s
future performance.
CONCLUSION:
In conclusion as we can see in the above report Bhp billton have been a market leader and see’s
very little probable competition in the near future. And after in-depth analysis from a strategy to
an accounting, followed by a financial analysis it is relatively safe to say that this 150-year-old
company has sustained itself and grown for over a century and will continue to do so.
Page 23 of 24
24. References:
"BHP BILLITON (BLT)", 2007, Investors Chronicle, , pp. 1.
www.companiesandmarkets.com: BHP Billiton - Financial and Strategic Analysis Review 2009, ,
Coventry.
"$10bn share buy-back at BHP Billiton", 2011, Investors Chronicle,
"Analysis of BHP Billiton Plc". Investment weekly news (1945-8177), p. 374.
Su, R., Yi, R., Hooper, K. & Dutta, A. 2013, "Information Spillover, Profit Opportunities, and
Return Deviations Analysis: The Case of Cross-Listed BHP Billiton", International Journal of
Business and Economics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 155-170.
"Analysis of BHP Billiton Plc". Investment weekly news (1945-8177), p. 374.
"Research and Markets; Highly Comprehensive Research Analysis of BHP Billiton Plc and
Their Competitors", 2008, Mining & Minerals, , pp. 48.
BHP Billiton Ltd. - Annual Report, 20122012, ,Acquisdata Pty Ltd, Kuching.
morningstar.com. 2015. BHP Billiton Limited. [ONLINE] Available
at:http://datanalysis.morningstar.com.au.ezproxy.uow.edu.au/ftl/company/balancesheet?xtm-
licensee=datpremium&ASXCode=BHP&sy=2005-01-01&ey=2015-12-31&rt=A. [Accessed 15
April 15].
http://www.bhpbilliton.com/. 2014. Bhp Billiton Annual Report. [ONLINE] Available
at:http://www.bhpbilliton.com/home/investors/reports/Documents/2014/BHPBillitonAnnualRep
ort2014.pdf. [Accessed 07 April 15].
https://au.finance.yahoo.com. 2015. BHP Billiton Ltd (BHP.AX). [ONLINE] Available
at:https://au.finance.yahoo.com/q/ae?s=BHP.AX. [Accessed 15 April 15].
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