Plants are living things that grow in soil or water. They need sunlight, water, and air to survive. Some plants have flowers and make seeds so they can make new plants.
The document discusses the motion of the Earth and how it causes day and night as well as apparent motion of the sun. It explains that the Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours, which causes one side of the Earth to face the sun while the other side faces away, creating day and night. It also discusses how the Earth revolves around the sun over the course of 365 days.
All living things go through life cycles that involve different stages of development. The butterfly's life cycle has four main stages: egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. As a caterpillar, it eats leaves and grows quickly before forming a pupa and undergoing transformation inside until emerging as a young butterfly and finally a mature adult butterfly that can lay new eggs.
Simple machines make work easier by changing the amount or direction of force needed. There are six basic types of simple machines: the lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge. Compound machines combine two or more simple machines; examples include scissors, bicycles, and wheelbarrows.
This document discusses how forces like pushes and pulls cause motion by either moving things away (push) or bringing them closer (pull). It defines any push or pull that moves an object as a force. The document encourages the reader to have a wonderful day.
The document discusses the formation and composition of soil. It explains that soil is formed over long periods of time through the weathering and breakdown of rocks and the decomposition of dead plants and animals. The soil is made up of weathered rocks, humus from decomposed materials, and minerals. It has distinct layers with varying properties including the topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock below. Different types of soil like sand, silt, and clay are determined by the size of particles. Loam is an ideal soil made of a mixture of these. The document emphasizes the importance of protecting soil as a vital natural resource.
This document discusses different types of water resources and how water is treated and distributed for human use. It explains that there are two main types of water - fresh water found in rivers, lakes, glaciers etc. and salt water found in oceans. It then outlines several key steps in treating water from rivers and lakes, such as allowing solids to settle, filtering through layers of sand and gravel, adding chemicals to kill harmful organisms, and pumping the clean water for distribution.
The document discusses the motion of the Earth and how it causes day and night as well as apparent motion of the sun. It explains that the Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours, which causes one side of the Earth to face the sun while the other side faces away, creating day and night. It also discusses how the Earth revolves around the sun over the course of 365 days.
All living things go through life cycles that involve different stages of development. The butterfly's life cycle has four main stages: egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. As a caterpillar, it eats leaves and grows quickly before forming a pupa and undergoing transformation inside until emerging as a young butterfly and finally a mature adult butterfly that can lay new eggs.
Simple machines make work easier by changing the amount or direction of force needed. There are six basic types of simple machines: the lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge. Compound machines combine two or more simple machines; examples include scissors, bicycles, and wheelbarrows.
This document discusses how forces like pushes and pulls cause motion by either moving things away (push) or bringing them closer (pull). It defines any push or pull that moves an object as a force. The document encourages the reader to have a wonderful day.
The document discusses the formation and composition of soil. It explains that soil is formed over long periods of time through the weathering and breakdown of rocks and the decomposition of dead plants and animals. The soil is made up of weathered rocks, humus from decomposed materials, and minerals. It has distinct layers with varying properties including the topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock below. Different types of soil like sand, silt, and clay are determined by the size of particles. Loam is an ideal soil made of a mixture of these. The document emphasizes the importance of protecting soil as a vital natural resource.
This document discusses different types of water resources and how water is treated and distributed for human use. It explains that there are two main types of water - fresh water found in rivers, lakes, glaciers etc. and salt water found in oceans. It then outlines several key steps in treating water from rivers and lakes, such as allowing solids to settle, filtering through layers of sand and gravel, adding chemicals to kill harmful organisms, and pumping the clean water for distribution.
Natural disasters and diseases can change environments and affect living organisms. Floods occur when heavy rain falls in a short period, covering land with water, while droughts are long periods without rain that can dry up rivers and lakes, increasing wildfire risks that damage plant and animal habitats. Diseases from mold, bacteria, and mildew also easily spread in environments and harm living things, with one infected tree having the potential to destroy an entire forest.
Plants need five things to survive and grow: oxygen from the air, water, nutrients found in soil, space to grow freely, and sunlight. Fruits were once living parts of plants but become non-living when picked after ripening.
Organisms adapt traits that help them survive in their environments. Some examples of adaptations include camouflage, mimicry, nocturnal behavior, hibernation, and migration. Camouflage allows animals to blend into their surroundings and hide from predators or to ambush prey. Mimicry enables some animals to resemble other organisms for protection. Nocturnal habits, hibernation, and migration are ways animals adapt to changes or shortages in their environments like weather changes or lack of food sources. Plants also exhibit adaptations like deep roots that help them survive in difficult conditions.
Liquids and gases take the shape of their container, unlike solids which do not. Volume is defined as the space occupied by matter, and can be measured using tools like measuring cups. Common units for measuring volume include liters and milliliters.
The document compares different ecosystems by describing their climates and key characteristics. Tropical rainforests have hot, wet climates all year and contain the greatest diversity of plants and animals. Temperate forests' climates change with warm summers and cold winters, and they receive less rain than rainforests. Wetlands are covered in water most of the year, found along rivers and coasts, and help absorb flood waters and cleanse dirty water. Oceans are the largest ecosystem and most living things inhabit the sunlit, shallow areas near the surface.
Food chains and food webs show how energy passes from one organism to another as they eat each other. A food chain tracks the flow of energy starting with a plant that gets its energy from the sun, then to an animal that eats the plant, then another animal that eats the first animal. A food web is more complex, showing that organisms can be part of multiple food chains as some animals eat different plants and other animals.
This document discusses three categories of animals based on their diets: herbivores, which eat only plants; carnivores, which eat only meat; and omnivores, which eat both plants and meat. Herbivores include deer, rabbits, elephants, turtles, monkeys and giraffes. Carnivores include lions, crocodiles, snakes and eagles. Omnivores include bears, raccoons, pigs, and humans.
An ecosystem is a place where living and non-living things interact, and can exist in various environments from wet to dry and small to large. In an ecosystem, living things depend on each other and non-living things like water, soil and sunlight. Producers like plants make their own food through photosynthesis, while consumers like animals obtain food by eating other organisms, and decomposers like worms break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil.
This document discusses habitats and the different animals that live in each one. It explains that a habitat provides all the needs for animals to survive, including food, water and shelter. It then identifies the five main habitats as ocean, forest, desert, grasslands, and Antarctica, and provides some example animals for each one. The habitats differ in their characteristics such as being wet or dry, hot or cold, containing trees, grass or snow.
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - eggs are laid in water, tadpoles hatch with gills and swim, tadpoles grow legs and lungs and become young frogs, young frogs resemble adult frogs and live on land, frogs undergo complete metamorphosis as each stage looks physically different.
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - adult frogs lay eggs in water that hatch into tadpoles with gills, the tadpoles then grow legs and lungs to become young frogs, and finally the young frogs mature into adult frogs that live on land.
All living things go through life cycles with different stages of growth and development. A life cycle can involve complete or incomplete metamorphosis. The butterfly undergoes complete metamorphosis through four stages - egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa, and adult butterfly - with the caterpillar eating leaves and the pupa undergoing transformation inactive inside its casing before emerging as a butterfly.
The document describes the life cycles of humans, animals, plants, and butterflies. It explains that humans progress through stages from baby to boy/girl to man/woman to older. The butterfly life cycle has 4 stages - egg, larva/caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. The caterpillar hatches from the egg and eats voraciously to grow, then forms a pupa where it undergoes transformation before emerging as an adult butterfly.
Sally's new shoes did not fit because they were too big. To find the correct size, she needs to measure her feet with a ruler to know her exact shoe size. A ruler can also be used by Sam and Adam to determine who has the longer pencil case. However, a ruler cannot measure the volume of water in a cup, for that a graduated cylinder is needed. Charlie can use a balance at the grocery store to accurately measure 1 kilo of apples and 2 kilos of bananas. A digital balance is also used in labs to precisely determine the weight of objects.
Safety goggles are needed to protect eyes in the lab. A thermometer will be used by Sam's mother to check if he has a fever. Sally will use a timer to measure how long it takes ice to melt during her experiment.
Magnets can attract objects made of iron, steel, or nickel without touching them by pulling the objects through solid, liquid, or gas. Magnets have two poles, a North and a South, that either attract or repel each other or other magnets depending on whether the poles are the same or different. Strong magnets can attract objects from farther away than weaker magnets.
The document discusses how to save natural resources using the three Rs: reduce, reuse, and recycle. It provides examples of reusing food jars and plastic wrap instead of throwing them out, reducing the use of plastic bags by bringing cloth bags to the market, and recycling old newspapers by making them into plant pots. Practicing the three Rs helps conserve natural resources for future use since they cannot be replaced once depleted.
Plants reproduce through a life cycle where a seed germinates when it receives water, air, and the proper temperature, sprouting a seedling. The seedling grows into an adult plant with roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. The flowers then produce fruits containing new seeds, which when released can start the cycle again by germinating into new plants.
Pollution occurs when harmful substances affect land, water, or air. Land pollution involves trash improperly disposed of on the ground. Water pollution is caused by dumping rubbish and other harmful materials directly into bodies of water. Air pollution results from emissions from vehicles, large factories, and bonfires that introduce smoke and gases into the atmosphere, negatively impacting human health and the environment. It is important to reduce pollution and keep the Earth clean for current and future inhabitants.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
Natural disasters and diseases can change environments and affect living organisms. Floods occur when heavy rain falls in a short period, covering land with water, while droughts are long periods without rain that can dry up rivers and lakes, increasing wildfire risks that damage plant and animal habitats. Diseases from mold, bacteria, and mildew also easily spread in environments and harm living things, with one infected tree having the potential to destroy an entire forest.
Plants need five things to survive and grow: oxygen from the air, water, nutrients found in soil, space to grow freely, and sunlight. Fruits were once living parts of plants but become non-living when picked after ripening.
Organisms adapt traits that help them survive in their environments. Some examples of adaptations include camouflage, mimicry, nocturnal behavior, hibernation, and migration. Camouflage allows animals to blend into their surroundings and hide from predators or to ambush prey. Mimicry enables some animals to resemble other organisms for protection. Nocturnal habits, hibernation, and migration are ways animals adapt to changes or shortages in their environments like weather changes or lack of food sources. Plants also exhibit adaptations like deep roots that help them survive in difficult conditions.
Liquids and gases take the shape of their container, unlike solids which do not. Volume is defined as the space occupied by matter, and can be measured using tools like measuring cups. Common units for measuring volume include liters and milliliters.
The document compares different ecosystems by describing their climates and key characteristics. Tropical rainforests have hot, wet climates all year and contain the greatest diversity of plants and animals. Temperate forests' climates change with warm summers and cold winters, and they receive less rain than rainforests. Wetlands are covered in water most of the year, found along rivers and coasts, and help absorb flood waters and cleanse dirty water. Oceans are the largest ecosystem and most living things inhabit the sunlit, shallow areas near the surface.
Food chains and food webs show how energy passes from one organism to another as they eat each other. A food chain tracks the flow of energy starting with a plant that gets its energy from the sun, then to an animal that eats the plant, then another animal that eats the first animal. A food web is more complex, showing that organisms can be part of multiple food chains as some animals eat different plants and other animals.
This document discusses three categories of animals based on their diets: herbivores, which eat only plants; carnivores, which eat only meat; and omnivores, which eat both plants and meat. Herbivores include deer, rabbits, elephants, turtles, monkeys and giraffes. Carnivores include lions, crocodiles, snakes and eagles. Omnivores include bears, raccoons, pigs, and humans.
An ecosystem is a place where living and non-living things interact, and can exist in various environments from wet to dry and small to large. In an ecosystem, living things depend on each other and non-living things like water, soil and sunlight. Producers like plants make their own food through photosynthesis, while consumers like animals obtain food by eating other organisms, and decomposers like worms break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil.
This document discusses habitats and the different animals that live in each one. It explains that a habitat provides all the needs for animals to survive, including food, water and shelter. It then identifies the five main habitats as ocean, forest, desert, grasslands, and Antarctica, and provides some example animals for each one. The habitats differ in their characteristics such as being wet or dry, hot or cold, containing trees, grass or snow.
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - eggs are laid in water, tadpoles hatch with gills and swim, tadpoles grow legs and lungs and become young frogs, young frogs resemble adult frogs and live on land, frogs undergo complete metamorphosis as each stage looks physically different.
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - adult frogs lay eggs in water that hatch into tadpoles with gills, the tadpoles then grow legs and lungs to become young frogs, and finally the young frogs mature into adult frogs that live on land.
All living things go through life cycles with different stages of growth and development. A life cycle can involve complete or incomplete metamorphosis. The butterfly undergoes complete metamorphosis through four stages - egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa, and adult butterfly - with the caterpillar eating leaves and the pupa undergoing transformation inactive inside its casing before emerging as a butterfly.
The document describes the life cycles of humans, animals, plants, and butterflies. It explains that humans progress through stages from baby to boy/girl to man/woman to older. The butterfly life cycle has 4 stages - egg, larva/caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. The caterpillar hatches from the egg and eats voraciously to grow, then forms a pupa where it undergoes transformation before emerging as an adult butterfly.
Sally's new shoes did not fit because they were too big. To find the correct size, she needs to measure her feet with a ruler to know her exact shoe size. A ruler can also be used by Sam and Adam to determine who has the longer pencil case. However, a ruler cannot measure the volume of water in a cup, for that a graduated cylinder is needed. Charlie can use a balance at the grocery store to accurately measure 1 kilo of apples and 2 kilos of bananas. A digital balance is also used in labs to precisely determine the weight of objects.
Safety goggles are needed to protect eyes in the lab. A thermometer will be used by Sam's mother to check if he has a fever. Sally will use a timer to measure how long it takes ice to melt during her experiment.
Magnets can attract objects made of iron, steel, or nickel without touching them by pulling the objects through solid, liquid, or gas. Magnets have two poles, a North and a South, that either attract or repel each other or other magnets depending on whether the poles are the same or different. Strong magnets can attract objects from farther away than weaker magnets.
The document discusses how to save natural resources using the three Rs: reduce, reuse, and recycle. It provides examples of reusing food jars and plastic wrap instead of throwing them out, reducing the use of plastic bags by bringing cloth bags to the market, and recycling old newspapers by making them into plant pots. Practicing the three Rs helps conserve natural resources for future use since they cannot be replaced once depleted.
Plants reproduce through a life cycle where a seed germinates when it receives water, air, and the proper temperature, sprouting a seedling. The seedling grows into an adult plant with roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. The flowers then produce fruits containing new seeds, which when released can start the cycle again by germinating into new plants.
Pollution occurs when harmful substances affect land, water, or air. Land pollution involves trash improperly disposed of on the ground. Water pollution is caused by dumping rubbish and other harmful materials directly into bodies of water. Air pollution results from emissions from vehicles, large factories, and bonfires that introduce smoke and gases into the atmosphere, negatively impacting human health and the environment. It is important to reduce pollution and keep the Earth clean for current and future inhabitants.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577