The document discusses the formation and composition of soil. It explains that soil is formed over long periods of time through the weathering and breakdown of rocks and the decomposition of dead plants and animals. The soil is made up of weathered rocks, humus from decomposed materials, and minerals. It has distinct layers with varying properties including the topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock below. Different types of soil like sand, silt, and clay are determined by the size of particles. Loam is an ideal soil made of a mixture of these. The document emphasizes the importance of protecting soil as a vital natural resource.

2. -Soil is very important for all living things.
- It’s important for plants to grow.
-Humans need it to plant different fruits &
vegetables.

3. Have you
ever
wondered
how is the
soil formed?
My mum told
me it is
formed by
nature.
By nature?
How?
Well, let me
show you
how.

4. How is the soil formed?
-Rocks can change because
of the changes in the
weather, like rains & storms
& wind.
- After a long time, rocks can
break into small pieces.
- These small pieces are
called weathered rocks ,
they make a part of the soil.
1

5. 2
- Also when animals &
plants die, and we bury
them under the
ground, after many
years they start to
decay & break down,,
so they also make up a
part of the soil.

6. - The soil is made of a mixture of
What’s the soil made of?
Weathered rocks Humus Minerals
- They are formed
when the rocks
break down into
small pieces
because of the
weather changes.
- When animals &
plants die & we
burry them under
the ground, they
break down &
decay, this is:
Humus
- They are the
nutrients that
plants need to
grow.

7. Do you know
that the soil
have layers?
Really? Let’s
dig it & find
out the soil
layers.

8. Layers of the soil
1- Top soill
2- Sub soill
3- Bed soill
(Sub = Under)
“Rock soil”
Humus
“Humus is
present
in the top soil
layer”

9. 1- Top soil
-It is the top layer
of the soil.
- It’s dark in color.
-The humus &
minerals are found
in this layer.

10. 2- Sub soil
-It is under the top
soil.
- It’s lighter in
color than top soil
& has less humus.

11. 3- Bed soil
-It is the lowest
layer of the soil
below the sub soil.
-It is called:
rock soil

12. It grows in the desert,
in the sand
No, flowers
needs another
type of soil to
grow

13. Types of the soil
Sand soill
Silt soill
Clay soill

14. Sand soill
- The size of the particles of sand are large.
- There is too much air space between the sand
particles, so water passes fast & it holds very little
amount of water.
Particles
-It is dry soil.

15. Silt soill
- The size of the particles of silt are smaller than the sand.
- There is less air space between the silt particles, so
water passes slowly .
Particles

16. Clay soill
- The size of the particles of silt are very small “Cannot be
seen by your eyes”.
- There is no air space between the clay particles, so
water doesn’t pass & the clay holds lots of water inside
it.
Particles
- It’s wet soil.

17. Loaml
-It is made of sand, silt & clay together.
+ + =
- It’s not so wet & not so dry.
- Plants grow best in this soil.

18. Protecting the soil
- Soil is a natural resource that is necessary & useful to people.
Without soil
- Plants will
not grow, so
we will have
fewer
medicine.
- People &
animals will
not find food
to eat.
- There will be
no cotton to
make clothes
or wood to
make builings.

19. How can we
protect our
soil?
First, we have
to keep the
soil clean
Second, We
have to put
nutrients for
the soil to grow
plants well
Third, We have to
prevent the soil
damage, so
always water it &
keep it healthy